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Human trafficking in the agenda of international organisations
Košárková, Barbora ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Daniel, Jan (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is concerned with the influence of international organizations on the trafficking in human beings. First part of the work describes historical background of human trafficking, but also the definition of this criminal activity and types of exploitation of human beings within the framework of trafficking in human beings. The paper also tries to come up with statistics concerning human trafficking, especially the victims and their age, gender, origin and type of exploitation. Other statistics concerns the countries of origin, transit and destination, which are most frequently used towards human trafficking. Last chapter of the first part deals with international organizations which are fighting against human trafficking. Among those international organizations, there are government organizations like UN or EU, but also nongovernmental organizations, which usually focus on helping the victims of human trafficking. The second part of this work is focusing on particular international organizations-UN, EU, Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International. Documents concerning human trafficking are chosen in the files of these organizations, with the purpose to find the definition of human trafficking, punishment of this crime, prevention and the protection of victims of human trafficking...
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Evaluating the success of states' penetration into UN structures
Bielyi, Stanislav ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Machoň, Miloslav (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the success of penetration of selected states into selected UN structures. The analysis will be based on fifteen countries comparable to the Czech Republic according to population, GDP and Human Development Index. The success of the penetration will be monitored in three main UN bodies: Security Council, International Court of Justice and the Economic and Social Council, and one subsidiary body: Human Rights Council.
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International Organizations and Their National Branches: The Case of UNICEF and the Slovak National Committee for UNICEF
Halabrínová, Michaela ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Vymětal, Petr (referee)
Since its establishment, UNICEF has been providing development and humanitarian aid in various regions of the world. Firstly, the aid was given to regions damaged by the Second World War. Nowadays, the aid is given to regions hit by natural disasters, wars, famine or diseases. In 2016, UNICEF celebrated 70th anniversary of its existence. In order to maintain its worldwide scope of performance for such a long time, it created a top-bottom organizational structure, from which a top is represented by the headquarter composed of the Executive Board with member states, the Bureau and the Office of the Secretary of the Executive Board. The bottom is represented by field offices and the National Committees for UNICEF, which directly implement the programs and initiatives of UNICEF, and ensure fundraising activities. On the other hand, they provide the top with feedbacks about carried projects and actual situations from their countries. The linking part between the top and the bottom of the organizational structure are regional offices and external committees across UNICEF, such as the Division of Private Fundraising and Partnership (PFP). PFP also manages relationships between UNICEF and the National Committees for UNICEF, which are autonomous nongovernmental organizations. The relation between UNICEF and the National Committees for UNICEF offers a unique example of how an international organization can manage its work. The case-study of the Slovak Committee for UNICEF portrayed more specifically how UNICEF coordinates its work within its structures and why it is a unique example. Furthermore, the case-study focused on answering if and to what extend are the activities of the Slovak Committee for UNICEF influenced by the national environment with its specifics and conditions. From another perspective, it focused on answering if the Slovak Committee can apply its own approaches toward its activities or it must follow general approaches settled by UNICEF.
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Activities of international non-governmental organizations fighting corruption. Case study of Slovak Republic.
Kožíšková, Mária ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
Bachelor thesis focuses on activities of international non-governmental anti-corruption organizations in Slovakia. Corruption is a current problem in many parts of the world which could endanger democracy and economic development of countries. Its solution is therefore crucial for international subjects not only at governmental, but also at non-governmental level. Thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is dealing with definition and types of corruption, examining its causes and consequences. The second chapter includes characterization of international organizations and anti-corruption conventions. The last chapter is dealing with specific initiatives of non-governmental anti-corruption organizations and Slovak anti-corruption policy.
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The Role of World Health Organization in the case of 2014 EVD outbreak in Western Africa
Voves, Petr ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
VOVES, Petr. Úloha Světové zdravotnické organizace v případu epidemie viru eboly na území západní Afriky v roce 2014. Praha, 2017. 95 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií. Katedra mezinárodních vztahů. Vedoucí diplomové práce PhDr. Irah Kučerová, Ph.D. Abstract The M.A. thesis deals with the World Health Organization's response to the outbreak of the ebola virus disease in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone in 2014. The spread of the disease is mapped from its very beginning at the end of December 2013 until the creation of UNMEER in September 2014, which was the first international medical mission ever created by UN Security Council. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the particular problems, which limit WHO's role in a timely and effective response to the public health threats of international concern (PHEIC) under the reformed International Health Regulations (IHR). The response of WHO representatives to the spread of the disease is evaluated taking into account the available material and competence capacities of the organization as well as its previous practice in this field. The specific misconduct of WHO representatives is explained in the context of longstanding WHO's problems, which are mainly linked to the vertical fragmentation...
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The United States of America as a Cause of Latin American Integration Process
Váňa, Radek ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The thesis deals with the causes of emergence of the most important Latin American integration groups in a period since the end of the World War II till the present days. The set of groups consists of ALADI, CAN, SELA, OTCA, MERCOSUR, ACS-AEC, ALBA, UNASUR, CELAC, and the Pacific Alliance. The main goal of the thesis is to discover how did the power predominance of the United States contribute to the emergence of Latin American integration groups. The tested hypothesis is based on the concept of soft balancing, and assumes that the primary cause of emergence of Latin American integration groups was the fear of the power predominance of the United States. The causes of emergence are always examined from the perspective of the historical context and the founding treaty. If needed, other relevant documents are examined as well. Moreover, the thesis deals with the direct predecessors of the selected groups, too. Pursuant to 4 basic criteria, the selected integration groups were divided into 3 categories according to their relevance to represent the region of Latin America as a whole. Thanks to that, the qualitative evaluation of the causes of emergence of the groups could have been done. Apart from an overview of development of the Latin American integration process, the thesis also provides an answer...
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Chinese Behaviour in the International Labour Organization- status quo or revisionist actor?
Köppen, Julia ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
What is Chinese behaviour like in the International Labour Organization (ILO) - is China a Status Quo or a Revisionist Actor? Despite the prominence of the issue of China's rise in international relations studies, little research has been published on China's behaviour in international organizations in other realms than the economic. This thesis, therefore, seeks the answer to the posed question. Chinese statements are examined concerning forced and child labour, as well as other distinct themes, their structure and a potential underlying strategy. The findings are retrieved from an analysis of Chinese statements in sittings of ILO organs and checked against information provided in ILO reports to detect discrepancies. A major finding is that the overall behaviour of China in the ILO can categorized as reform-minded status quo, even though there are some factors which could be interpreted as revisionist tendencies. Due to this categorization, a continued peaceful rise of China is considered to be possible.
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Cultural Diversity and its Protection in International Law
Hendrychová, Kateřina ; Faix, Martin (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
Master's thesis Cultural Diversity and its Protection in International Law focuses on the concept of cultural diversity within international law and examines the various means of its protection and promotion. Although the theme of cultural diversity is relatively new for international law, the issue developed significantly in the last fifteen years. This thesis therefore outlines the development of the protection of cultural diversity in an international environment and focuses on its current relevance. The first part of the thesis describes the historical development of the protection of cultural diversity from the perspective of international law. It focuses on the concept of cultural diversity within the framework of international organizations. The thesis then presents various means of protection and preservation of cultural diversity, be it earlier documents dealing with the protection of cultural diversity or the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions from 2005, which is one of the most important milestones in these efforts. The second part examines in detail the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, the role of civil society in its implementation and the existing positive and negative impacts...
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EEC and CMEA in 1957-1973
Krejčová, Jana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lomíček, Jan (referee)
The relationship between the European Economic Community and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance went through a major transformation between 1957 and 1973. This thesis argues that the institutional interactions between these two organizations were a logical consequence of their internal development. Both represented a regional economic integration and despite political and ideological differences they have been forced to establish a certain level of cooperation, due to the expanding contacts between the member states. After the signing of the Treaties of Rome, which founded EEC, CMEA refused to recognize de jure the existence of the Community and condemned it as a discriminatory capitalist organization. At the same time the Council passed reforms that were supposed to link its economies and strengthen the cohesion of the Eastern bloc. By adoption of the Statute of 1959, the CMEA established its internal structure and operating principles. The first success of the EEC, the pursuit of its own reforms and the UK application motivated CMEA to revise its attitude to the EEC for the first time. The Soviet leadership tried unsuccessfully to get through a supranational leadership of the CMEA - principle they criticized in the EEC for being discriminatory. After the appointment of de Gaulle as...
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The Responsibility of International Organizations
Brožová, Sandra ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee) ; Beránek, Milan (referee)
The Responsiblity of International Organizations - Abstract The subject of this thesis is the responsibility of international organizations as a consequence of internationally wrongful acts, as a manifestation of international personality, and as the subject-matter of official and unofficial codification. This thesis defines the international organization as an intergovernmental organization, discusses the character of its international personality (universal and particular) and explains the legal nature of international responsibility, including the main differences between the responsibility of States and international organizations. The thesis then focuses on responsibility of international organizations in various branches of international public law - it discusses questions of contractual and tort liability, of attribution in UN peacekeeping missions, and of the rights of individuals to due process when dealing with responsibility of international organizations. The following is an analysis of the importance of codification of international law and the contribution of non-official codification activities for the work of the International Law Commission as the main codification organ of the United Nations. Draft articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations, which was, together with the...
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