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Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and healthy donors
Matějčková, Nicole
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) possess a multilineage differentiation potential and have the ability to regulate reactivity of the immune system. They are usually isolated and expanded from the bone marrow, adipose tissue or umbilical cord. MSC represent promising cell population for the treatment of some severe diseases, such as amyotrofic lateral sclerosis (ALS), due to the combination of regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study is to compare MSC from ALS patients and healthy donors in their phenotype, proliferative activity and mainly their immunomodulatory properties. The assessment of impact of the disease on the properties of MSC is important for their autologous use in clinical trials. In this study we used MSC isolated from bone marrow of 14 ALS patients and 15 patients undergoing mostly orthopedic surgery as control group. We also used MSC stimulated for 24 hours by poinflammatory cytokines. Cells were compared in terms of immunophenotype, differentiation in adipocytes and osteoblasts, metabolic activity, expression of selected genes for immunomodulatory molecules and for inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation. Further experiments were focused on evaluation of immunomodulatory properties of MSC. The effect of MSC on peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated...
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Imunomodulační účinky extraktů z helminta na střevní buněčnou linii potkaního modelu
LEVÁ, Jana
In this study, we examined the immunomodulatory effect of excretory/secretory products, crude adult extracts and crude larvae extracts from Hymenolepis diminuta on the intestinal epithelilal cell line from a rat. For determination of the immunomodulation effect of all H. diminuta extracts was used relative gene expression of TNFa, IL-17re and IL-33 from epithelial cells and it was tested using real-time PCR. Our result showed that excretory/secretory products had the strongest antiinflammatory effect on the epithelial cells. We assume that crude adult extracts play an important role in increase of gene expression of IL-33 and also in the immunomodulatory ability of H. diminuta in the host organism.
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The use of immunoregulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells/ and their therapeutic potential
Javorková, Eliška
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into various cell types, possess potent immunomodulatory properties and can influence various functions of immune cells. Since the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs can be modified by cytokines, we compered the effect of unstimulated MSCs and MSCs pretreated with interleukin (IL)-1, interferon (IFN)- , transforming growth factor (TGF)- and IL-10 on the development of regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in vitro and on the inflammatory environment in the eye. MSCs can produce significant levels of TGF- and IL-6. These cytokines represent the key factors that reciprocally regulate the development of naive T cells into Treg and Th17 cells. Unstimulated MSCs produce TGF- , but not IL-6, and the production of TGF- can be further enhanced by IL-10 or TGF- . In the presence of IL-1, MSCs secrete significant levels of IL-6, in addition to spontaneous production of TGF- . MSC producing TGF- induced preferentially expression of Foxp3 and activation of Treg lymphocytes, whereas MSCs supernatants containing TGF- together with IL-6 supported ROR t expression and development of Th17 cells. We demonstrated that MSCs and their products effectively control the development of Tregs and Th17 cells in a population of...
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Immunomodulatory properties of TES
Holečková, Markéta ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Macháček, Tomáš (referee)
Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are parasitic roundworms. Their definite hosts are canines or felines. Human infection is also possible and in that case these parasites cause human toxocariasis. Larvae of Toxocara spp. in the host release proteins called TES (Toxocara Excretory-Secretory antigens). The main role of these proteins is to ensure long-term survival of the parasite in the body of the host. The surface of the larvae is covered by coat made of some of those proteins, which increases the parasite's chances of survival. Other proteins secreted by Toxocara spp affect production of cytokines of the infected organism and parasite modulates the immune response to infection by that. Presence of the larvae results in inhibition of immune response based on Th1 cells and promotes Th2 immune response, during which levels of IgE and eosinophiles are elevated. Production of regulatory T lymphocytes is also stimulated. Key words Toxocara spp., toxocariasis, TES, immunomodulation, regulatory T lymphocytes, cytokines
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The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in a mouse experimental model
Hájková, Michaela
Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative potential, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapeutic tool for cell-based therapy, organ transplantation or tissue engineering. To improve clinical applicability of MSCs, new methods to increase their delivery and efficacy have been tested in the latest years but the mechanism of observed alterations has not yet been described. In the present project we focused on studying the effect of several factors that can significantly affect the therapeutic success of MSC-based treatment. Initially, we analysed the therapeutic effect of MSCs applied locally on nanofiber scaffold with incorporated cyclosporine A (CsA) in a mouse model of allogeneic skin transplantation. Our results indicate that application of MSCs in the presence of CsA direct M1/M2 macrophage polarization towards regulatory phenotype. This phenotype switching is accompanied by decreased production of nitric oxide (NO) and interferon (IFN-) and increase production of interleukin 10 (IL-10), and may result in suppression of the local inflammatory reaction. The next goal of proposed study was to analyse the effect of the treatment based on MSCs combined with immunosuppressive drugs with different mechanism of action on the balance among distinct T cell subpopulations. We...
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Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells - bone differentiation and hematopoietic support
Pytlík, Robert ; Trněný, Marek (advisor) ; Filová, Elena (referee) ; Lesný, Petr (referee)
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) are adult stem or progenitor cells, which physiological role is reparation of damaged tissues. This is achieved mostly by secretion of trophic, angiopoietic and immunomodulatory factors. Beside this, hMSC have potential to differentiate in vitro into specialized cells, especially of the mesodermal lineages. Human MSC also significantly support hematopoiesis in hematopoietic niche. This knowledge raised high hopes for therapeutic use of hMSC, especially in regenerative medicine and treatment of autoimmune diseases, including graft versus host disease (GvHD). As a proof of concept served initially crude preparations of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC), which contain small numbers of hMSC. In our hospital, two pilot clinical studies with BMMC were performed: study of treatment of acute myocardial infarction (negative, prematurely terminated) and study of treatment of peripheral leg arthery disease (promising results). Further research was aimed on optimalisation of hMSC cultivation method for clinical use to obtain highest possible yield and get free from animal proteins. Human MSC were traditionally cultivated in research-grade media with fetal calf serum (FCS), which can lead to immunization of patients after repeated application of hMSC. We achieved...
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The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in a mouse experimental model
Hájková, Michaela ; Krulová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee) ; Šírová, Milada (referee)
Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative potential, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapeutic tool for cell-based therapy, organ transplantation or tissue engineering. To improve clinical applicability of MSCs, new methods to increase their delivery and efficacy have been tested in the latest years but the mechanism of observed alterations has not yet been described. In the present project we focused on studying the effect of several factors that can significantly affect the therapeutic success of MSC-based treatment. Initially, we analysed the therapeutic effect of MSCs applied locally on nanofiber scaffold with incorporated cyclosporine A (CsA) in a mouse model of allogeneic skin transplantation. Our results indicate that application of MSCs in the presence of CsA direct M1/M2 macrophage polarization towards regulatory phenotype. This phenotype switching is accompanied by decreased production of nitric oxide (NO) and interferon (IFN-) and increase production of interleukin 10 (IL-10), and may result in suppression of the local inflammatory reaction. The next goal of proposed study was to analyse the effect of the treatment based on MSCs combined with immunosuppressive drugs with different mechanism of action on the balance among distinct T cell subpopulations. We...
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Mesenchymal stem cells and their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential
Brychtová, Michaela ; Lysák, Daniel (advisor) ; Horák, Vratislav (referee) ; Raška, Milan (referee)
Mesenchymal stem cells and their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess multidirectional regenerative ability, which, together with their immunomodulatory potential, makes them promising cell type for therapy of wide variety of diseases. Despite ongoing research, which proved MSCs application to be safe, reported effect of MSCs administration on patients is not convincingly beneficial yet. In our work we focused on elucidation of MSCs role in regeneration of vital organs, heart and liver, where a large damage is life threatening for patients and any improvement in therapy would save many lives. Similar situation is in Graft versus host disease (GVHD), where MSCs immunomodulatory properties could be beneficial. Role of MSCs in heart regeneration was examined in vitro. Primary adult swine cardiomyocytes (CMCs) were co-cultured with or without swine MSCs for 3 days and morphological and functional parameters (contractions, current, respiration) of CMCs were measured. MSCs showed supportive effect on CMCs survival, especially at day 3 of the experiment, where in co-culture was significantly higher number of viable CMCs with physiological morphology and maintained function. Effect of MSCs on liver regeneration was observed in swine model of chronic liver...
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