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Ethical and Political Implications of Thomas Piketty's Work on Economic Inequality
Miledova, Linda ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
French Economist Thomas Piketty, through a study of history and empirical data from different cultures and generations, argues that economic inequality, today, is not a natural outcome of the free market but has deeper roots. Piketty, indeed, asserts, through his extensive analysis of political systems and ideologies, that the trajectory of income inequality depends heavily on the power exercised by the state and other politically-motivated groups that aim to execute their personal agendas at the cost of the rest of society, namely, middle and lower classes. A historical and comparative analysis between various nations and how they justified inequalities in their governments shows that these gaps are politically driven. The results of a colonial eras and the wars are pure proof that inequalities are intentional and certain groups make sure that some countries and classes suffer from poverty for further control and power. Piketty claims that this status quo has become unsustainable and that global legislative changes ought to be implemented to reduce the gap between the rich minorities and lower classes. The French author proposes a progressive wealth tax that would impose higher taxes on wealthier individuals with capitals and assets. The revenues from these taxes will be used to better public...
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Approaches to Business Financing
VEDRALOVÁ, Kristýna
Every year, several thousand new companies are established in the Czech Republic, which not only have to figure out with what product or service will they break through on the market, but also how to finance this activity. Due to the current severe competition in the market economy of a company, the initial capital only would not be enough because sooner or later the company will address the issue of covering the costs of its further development. The aim of this thesis is to define possible approaches to financing business activities, both at the beginning of business and during it. There are many possibilities of obtaining funds, but each option must be assessed according to the individual situation of the company. This thesis further focuses on the evaluation of company financing through financial analysis indicators. The practical part focuses on a specific business entity, which is characterized by the development of tits financial structure and then an analysis of the sources of its financing is carried out.
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Initial Public Offerings in the Czech Republic
Malý, Filip ; Ptáček, Roman (referee) ; Meluzín, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on an initial public offering in Czech republic. In the first part of the thesis, there are explained teoretical terms, that relate to issue of IPO and they are important for the compilation of the process. These theoretical terms are alsou used in the practical part of the thesis. The practical part of the thesis deals with the compilation of key analyses, thanks to which it is possible to describe the state of readiness of a company to enter the publicly traded market. In the last part of the thesis, recommendations are proposed, which are supported by the information obtained.
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Slums as a result of urbanization of poverty in Africa
Černá, Karolína ; Sládek, Jan (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of slums in Africa with a focus on its eastern region. First part presents information on the fundamental aspects of this issue in theory line, when primarily uses foreign publications. It specifically focuses on the influence of post- colonialism, the process of urbanization and the incidence of slums. Second part illustrates the situation on the example of slums in Nairobi and Addis Ababa. Its main purpose is to show the quality of life of local population. Analysis is performed by the three studies; one refers to Nairobi and two Addis Ababa. It also seeks to answer the research questions that are listed at the beginning of this part. Overall results suggest that local people live in very poor conditions which do not provide adequate housing, access to infrastructures and education, and the unemployment rate is very high. Keywords Urbanization, poverty, slums, inequality, capital
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The Meaning of Gender in (for) the Social Theory of Pierre Bourdieu
Čepelová, Hedvika ; Havelková, Hana (advisor) ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis concerns about how the concept of gender interacts in broader social theory of Pierre Bourdieu. Main interest lays on the potentiality to extend useful practical and theoretical perspectives of Bourdieu into feminist thinking, as well as on the feminist critical assesment of Pierre Bourdieu's theory and possible answers on it. Selected feminist views on Bourdieu's theory and on some of its concepts (e.g. habitus or disposition) and the view of Bourdieu on feminism as a critical theory and political movement will be analysed. The thesis follows primary literature written by Bourdieu, using the critical arguments of Toril Moi and Leslie McCall as two main pillars. First, the potentiality of Bourdieu's theory to address emancipation, universality and overcoming essentialist and non-essentialist positions of feminism will be discused. Second, I am focusing on the relations between gender, social order, capital and distinctive/distributive mechanism. Finally the relationship between the terms production and reproduction in Bourdieu's theory will be elaborated and some possible points to feminist critical thinking as well as to Bourdieu's theory will be made. Klíčová slova: Pierre Bourdieu, feminism, gender, habitus, capital, social order, distinction
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Belief in Capital
Sirotek, Jan ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
The work describes phenomenons and thoughts which led and oftentimes still lead to a birth, a forming and a stabilization of market capitalism as a main philosophy of present world in the course of history as well as nowadays. The Analysis focuses on phenomenons of both material and spiritual characters. It exposes a spirit which accompanies man from everlasting. Through guise of God, man, the rabble, a state, a nation and a work is it being transformated into capital as self purpose. The science and its methodology caused this certainty seeking turnabout from transcendent thoughts to rational classification of matter. Due to its own discovery that matter is only a kind of energy confesses the science to its religious substance. A pursuit of profit resulting as well in life in affluence becomes then the main point of entire efforts of saturation.
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Determinants of FDI location across European Countries: role of economic and non-economic factors in decision-making by means of econometric analysis of panel data for 1995-2010
Brázdová, Martina ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bobková, Božena (referee)
This thesis provides an insight into factors that determine FDI inflows. Our focus is on FDI inflows directed to European countries and we study the FDI phenomena both from theoretical and practical view. We extend the literature that highlights the importance of FDI- institution link, and hypothesise that countries with better institutional quality should attract more foreign direct investments. This is in accord with expectation that good institutions create better investment environment in terms of lower costs of doing business and lower risk. The main purpose of this thesis is to complement previous studies that have covered this topic, but did not account for years of financial crisis. The key part analyses panel data for 33 European economies in the period from 1995 to 2010. A model of FDI determinants is constructed and estimated using panel data estimation techniques. The empirical part has revealed that even though some of the institutional variables are significant, they remain rather additional in explaining FDI flows; whereas the traditional economic variables are clearly significant. Our results are intuitively consistent with theoretical expectations and show that market growth, low trade restrictions, good infrastructure and low labour costs are key FDI drivers. Other important...
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Bank Efficiency, Risk, and Capital in the Visegrad Group Countries
Fraňo, Filip ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Lešanovská, Jitka (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to estimate the cost efficiency of the banks from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia during 2008-2013 using stochastic frontier analysis. In addition to this, mutual relationships between the changes in banks' cost efficiency, risk- taking, and capital position are examined. First, the literature that is concerned with these relationships is reviewed and the stochastic frontier approach towards the efficiency estimation is outlined. In the empirical analysis, the cost efficiency of the banks from the aforementioned countries is estimated. The results suggest that the Czech and the Polish banks from the sample have the highest average cost efficiency while the Hungarian banks rank the lowest. The estimated efficiency is decreasing during the sample period. No conclusive results are found to support the hypothesis that the larger banks exhibit higher cost efficiency. Subsequently, the system of simultaneous equations is applied to test the mutual relationships between the changes in the banks' cost efficiency, risk-taking, and capital position. The results suggest a negative relationship between the changes in risk-taking and cost efficiency and between the changes in capital position and risk-taking of the banks. Moreover, the results do not indicate simultaneous...
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Electoral Geography of Post-communist Countries
Sokol, Petr ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee) ; Kouba, Karel (referee)
The thesis "Electoral Geography of Postcommunist Countries in Central and Eastern Europe" deals with the topic of electoral geography, which is a part of the political geography. The basic hypothesis of the paper is based on opinion that the postcommunist countries experienced the twenty years of development in the postcommunist period which made their electoral geography very similar to one in Western Europe. This hypothesis is proved by three different areas of electoral geography. The first part is composed by the analysis of the electoral geography of the founding elections in the 17 postcommunist countries (including the GDR). In the paper is proposed after the research of all 17 countries the categorization of founding elections on the basis of electoral geography. The second part examines the electoral geography of capitals. The research is focused on the size of the lectorate in the capital compare to the whole country, on the diverhgence of electoral results in the capital and in the whole state and on strength of the party families in capitals. Folowing these three areas is proposed the catehorisation of the postcommunist capitals into the five groups. The third part deals with variability of the electoral results inside the state.
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