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Contemporary forms of scientific realism
Zach, Martin ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kunca, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the position of scientific realism presented in the framework of naturalized philosophy of science. The aim is to clarify this position and to show that if one denies realism, scientific practice does not make sense. For this purpose main focus is first devoted to the key parts (metaphysical realism, semantic realism, and epistemological realism) which constitute the scientific realism. Next, a detailed analysis of the arguments against and in favor of realism is offered, and concrete examples taken from the sciences are used to illustrate key points. Space is also devoted to the analysis of a physical theory of heat of the 18th and 19th centuries in connection with an antirealist argument directed at the history of science. Also, one of the few fully elaborated antirealist positions, constructive empiricism, is presented and critically evaluated. In a similar fashion, this thesis pays attention to a specific form of realism, called entity realism. Though the resulting image is a thoroughly realist position, this position strives to accurately capture the numerous nuances of the scientific practice, offering a fresh perspective on some of the traditional views.
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Huysmans's À rebours as A Parody of The « Experimental Novel » ?
Krausová, Eliška ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis Huysman's Naruby, as a parody of Experimentalního románu, is an attempt to consult Huyman's novel Naruby not only as a source of decadent symbols but also as a critical and parodying work with which its author tries completing his separation from "the father of Naturalism", Emil Zola. Particularly from Zola's notion of naturalism described in a literary critical work Experimentální román. At first the work is concerned with Experimentální román and tries to delimit the basic principles of naturalism which are defined there. Moreover, there is also a short introduction of Joris Karl Huysmans, especially from a creative development point of view, as well as an outline of the relationship between him and Emile Zola. The next chapter is dealing with an analysis of the novel Naruby itself and with searching for potential parodying aspects, namely from the perspective of smaller units, such as a conception of the space and time or perception of reality. In the end, the work points to mutual contradiction in terms by both authors, especially Zola's tendency to decadent aesthetics in the late works.
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Bernard Horst - The connections between life and work
Panchártková, Iva ; Wiendl, Jan (advisor) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
This thesis focuses on Bernard Horst, who is introduced, based on the historical background of the period in which he lived as well as literary reviews and the interpretation of his selected novels. The thesis aims to provide a complex overview of findings about this writer and should also - using overviews of the history of the Czech literature and literary dictionaries - partially answer the following question: In what light can the personality of a marginal author address a contemporary reader, through which perspective can this author be seen and, most importantly, how this author can be discussed using the wider literary context?
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Film adaptations of Émile Zola's Nana
Škutová, Martina ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Šuman, Záviš (referee)
In this thesis, four movie adaptations of naturalistic novel Nana by Emile Zola will be analysed. It will describe differences caused by the time in which the adaptations were filmed covering the period from the third decade of the twentieth century, when the most famous adaptation of Nana by Jean Renoir was created, till its modern form from the year 2001. The thesis will be mainly interested in the loyalty of each adaptation to the book. It will describe dominant features of the novel and assess how the directors succeeded in the preservation and depiction of the typical Zola's style together with the atmosphere and overall impression of each film. Throughout the work, I will try to answer a question whether the directors put emphasis on the same storylines as Zola did in the original novel and what is the cause of their modifications. Based on the analysis of each film, the thesis will discuss the topic of movie adaptation and its independence on the original novel. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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La Regenta: Ana Ozores' personality
Nejedlá, Marta ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
The focus of this thesis lies on the outstanding Spanish realistic and naturalistic novel of the 19th century known as La Regenta by Leopoldo Alas "Clarin". The thesis is divided into two parts, the first is oriented towards historical and cultural context of the novel's origin, biography of the author and general introduction of the novel. The second part of the thesis concentrates on a main character Ana Ozores de Quintanar, mainly from psychological and sociological perspective. Sole chapter is then dedicated to comparison of novels La Regenta and Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert and its main heroines. The primary aim of the thesis is to study the main character Ana Ozores, her gradual formation and to analyze her relationship with other key characters of the novel and factors which brought heroine's demise in the end.
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The critic of Romanticism in Clarín's novels
Kopuletá, Hana ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Kazmar, Vít (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze the critique of romanticism in Clarín's most famous novels La Regenta and Su único hijo, which lies in the realistic and naturalistic description of the appearance and characteristic of the main characters, in which we can find romantic elements as well. However, the author in his work assumes a rather ironic attitude towards these symptoms of certain romantic anachronisms. The critique of romanticism in Clarín's novels manifests itself mainly through various paradoxical situations, naturalistic descriptions or ridiculed characters. The first part of the paper is to present a theoretical introduction of the subject with characterization of different literary styles of the 19th century, i.e. romanticism, realism and naturalism, which elements appear in the analyzed novels. In the second part follows a brief presentation of the author and a detailed analysis of the critique of romanticism in his chosen novels, with more space dedicated to the work of La Regenta, which is considered to be the best Spanish novel of the 19th century.
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From fallen angel to blonde beast: characters of prostitutes in Balzac's The Splendors and Miseries of Courtesans and Zola's Nana
Fousová, Tereza ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
Subject to this degree work is the character of prostitutes in French society in the 19th century reflected in eight selected works of French authors of the time. In the first part of my thesis the history of prostitution from "religious prostitution" in ancient Greece to its "golden age" in France in the 19th century is described. The decay of moral principles in the post-Revolutionary period (as a result of religious and social taboos collapse) causes a great spread of prostitution and venereal diseases. Because of these reasons it was necessary to take the legalizing and organizing precautions - the French System. The second part of this work takes addresses the different (romantic and naturalistic) representations of the character of the prostitute in the literature of the 19th century. The representative of the romantic interpretation of the courtesan who is driven to sin due to poverty (the myth of the "fallen angel" redeemed by pure love) is Honoré de Balzac and his novel "The Splendors and Miseries of Courtesans". The opposite pole to the romantic interpretation of prostitutes is a naturalistic beast which chooses the oldest profession herself as a means of executing social revenge. In this second, analytical, part of this work the comparison of both of these kinds is made. Key words:...
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Karel Matěj Čapek Chod and Czech naturalism
Savitskaya, Katsiaryna ; Stárková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Vučka, Tomáš (referee)
This work illustrates the direction of naturalism and its' problematic achievements in Czech literature. The work is concentrated around Karel Matěj Čapek-Chod, who was one of the greatest representatives of this literary style. On the basis of literary analysis of his three novels (Kašpar Lén mstitel, Turbina, Antonín Vondrejc), the paper describes and depicts Čapek-Chod's comprehension of naturalism. Keywords Naturalism, naturalistic novel, prose, K. M. Čapek-Chod, Kašpar Lén mstitel, Turbina, Antonín Vondrejc
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Novel Thérese Raquin by Émile Zola and it's literary inspiration
Raatzová, Tereza ; Listíková, Renáta (advisor) ; Šuman, Záviš (referee)
Title of the thesis: The novel Thérèse Raquin by Émile Zola and its literary inspirations Keywords: naturalism, realism, love triangle, a female heroine, jealousy, murder, femme destructrice, Thérèse Raquin, Madeleine Férat, LʼAmoureuse comédie, Germinie Lacerteux, La Vénus de Gordes, Lʼassassinat du Pont-Rouge, Un mariage dʼamour, La Bête humaine, Émile Zola, frères de Goncourt, Charles Barbara, Adolphe Belot, Ernest Daudet Abstract: This thesis is mainly a literarily comparative study, analysing several literary works preceding and influencing Zola's novel Thérèse Raquin; namely in these works Zola had found the basic story for his next novel. The analysis of the following impact of the novel Thérèse Raquin on further Zola's work is also emphasised. The comparison of novels follows after the overall inclusion of Zola's works into the literary-historical context of his time. The aim of the work is first of all to reveal and make more familiar the Zola's fascination by the central theme and the main heroine of the novel Thérèse Raquin
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