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Social inequalities in stroke prevalence in Europe
Šimka, Vojtěch ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Bruthans, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses the relationship between the prevalence of stroke and the level of education in European countries. The aim of the thesis is to identify the factors that influence this relationship using data obtained from the EHIS study. The thesis focuses on the analysis of social inequalities in stroke prevalence in Europe. The results of the analysis confirm the existence of significant social inequalities in the prevalence of this disease in some European countries. Factors contributing to a higher chance of stroke in individuals with lower socioeconomic status have been identified. On the basis of these results, recommendations for governments of countries with a high prevalence of social inequalities are formulated in the final chapter of the thesis. These recommendations relate to access to health care, including stroke prevention and treatment, and aim to reduce social inequalities in this area.
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Factors affecting prevalence of pain among European population
Míšková, Markéta ; Lustigová, Michala (advisor) ; Žejglicová, Kristýna (referee)
Pain is a part of many people's lives and can also affect them in significant ways. This paper examined various factors that are related to the prevalence of pain in the European population. The aim was to identify these factors and describe the differences between the population groups. The analyses involved individuals aged 20 years and older who participated in the 2019 European Health Interview Survey. The association between selected demographic, sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, as well as between lifestyle factors and pain prevalence, was analyzed using chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. Attention was also paid to the relationship between mental health and pain prevalence. It was found that women are more prone to the occurrence of pain as well as persons of advanced age. Although married people show a lower risk of suffering from pain, the impact of living with a partner on the incidence of pain is quite contradictory. The association between this variable and pain prevalence varies depending on control variables. More educated persons are less likely to report prevalence of pain. In turn, unhealthy lifestyle activities, other than alcohol consumption, are considered to be risk factors. Also, individuals with severe symptoms of depression have a higher likelihood of...
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Determinants of Used Car Prices
Žiačik, Jan ; Baruník, Jozef (advisor) ; Kukačka, Jiří (referee)
With regard to the market share, used car market is on equal footing with market with new cars. Given its relevancy, there is an incentive to better understand its inner workings. One of the questions that can be posed, relevant especially to private individuals that want to buy or sell their car, is how the prices on used car market are determined. This research question was already focus of several previous studies, nevertheless, there are several methodological issues with them, the major being that they do not deal with model uncertainty arising from large number of possible determinants of used car prices. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to address this shortcoming by implementing a new approach, Frequentist Model Averaging. To analyze the research question, we utilize a newly collected data set of more than 470 000 used car advertisements from several different European countries from website carvago.com. In addition to well established influence of technical attributes on the valuation of car, we also find evidence that the emission standard of car or the country that the car manufacturer is originating in, have also statistically significant effect on its valuation. Further, we also find, that there are significant regional differences in effects of different attributes. JEL...
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Long-term trends in sulphur and nitrogen wet deposition - a comparison of Northern Hemisphere regions
Vlnasová, Eliška ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Kaňa, Jiří (referee)
This scientific literature review examines the time trends of wet atmospheric deposition of sulphur and nitrogen over a four decade period in three regions of the Northern Hemisphere, namely Europe, North America and Southeast Asia. The wet atmospheric deposition processes transport sulphur and nitrogen compounds from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface via vertical or horizontal pathways. Excessive levels of these deposited compounds can cause a number of environmental problems, such as change in biodiversity, degradation of forest stands or change in water and soil chemistry. It is therefore necessary to monitor and evaluate these trends. Sulphur and nitrogen can enter the atmosphere through anthropogenic emissions, among other sources. The change in sulphur and nitrogen emissions over the last four decades has undoubtedly influenced the time trends of wet deposition. The aim of this work is to evaluate these patterns in addition to the sulphur and nitrogen trends. This work also addresses the change in wet deposition ion ratios, in particular the change in the ratio of NH4 + to NO3 - in the wet deposition of nitrogen. Wet deposition of sulphur, in line with a significant reduction in sulphur compounds emissions, records a noticeable decrease in both Europe and North America, but wet...
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Gender differences in mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Europe
Trčková, Tereza ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Genderdifferencesinmortalityfromcardiovascular diseases inEurope Abstract This thesis aims to analyze the difference in cardiovascular disease mortality between men and women in 21 selected European countries in the period 2001-2019. The intensity of gender differences across the selected countries is examined. With a stronger emphasis, the position of the Czech Republic within Europe is evaluated. To examine gender differences in cardiovascular mortality, the thesis uses standardized cause-specific mortality rates and a comparison of actual life expectancy with hypothetical life expectancy when cardiovascular mortality is suppressed for each country. Cluster analysis is used to identify how countries cluster together based on their similarity of health determinants. The results of the analysis showed that differences between men and women are present in all selected countries. The largest differences are found in Eastern and Central European countries.
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Index neistoty procesu európskej integrácie
Pastorek, Daniel
The diploma thesis is concerned with uncertainty, focusing on the uncertainty of the European integration process. The contribution of this work is creating the new indexes for uncertainty identification in the process of European integration for the period 2010:M1 – 2018:M12. The methodology used follows the authors Baker et al. (2016), who created the economic policy uncertainty index (EPU). The indexes are compiled at the European Union level and separately for the United Kingdom, Germany and Spain. The empirical analysis assessing the impact of uncertainty into the real economy, using the vector autoregression (VAR) and impulse response function.
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Diet after retirement: Does working after retirement matter?
Hrušková, Barbora ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Bertoli, Paola (referee)
Barbora Hrušková Abstract A balanced and healthy diet can prevent chronic and cardiovascular diseases, can- cer deaths, and other serious health problems. Following a healthy diet is therefore essential during all stages of life and old age is no exception. This thesis examines the impact of working after retirement on the diet of retirees using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The propensity score matching and the logit methods are performed and robust standard errors are ap- plied. Our analysis reveals that retirees who start working anew after being already retired and unemployed for some time, have by 9 pp higher probability to increase their consumption of meat, fruits & vegetables, compared to their counterparts who do not start working. No significant differences are found regarding the impact of starting to work on the change of consumption of dairy products, legumes & eggs. However, we further conclude that the probability of eating meat every day is lower by 4 pp for retirees who are working after retirement, compared to retirees who are not working after retirement. Therefore, we point out that to get a complete picture of how the diet changes based on post-retirement work, it is ideal to also observe the data regarding diet prior to retirement.
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Detection of the border between North and South Europe by using mental maps
ŠTEMBERK, Martin
The bachelor thesis deals with the detection of the borders of North and South Europe by using mental maps. The whole elaboration was created with the participation of nine European countries, which represent Central, Western and Eastern Europe. Altogether, the research involves more than 300 respondents who visit European universities in selected countries. Various display variants, such as line or polygon, were later used to work with mental maps. The work also deals with the centre of Europe and the dominant elements of creating mental maps. The data were processed via ArcGis Pro. The work aims to analyze the results, compare the individual lines and create the borders of North and South Europe. Finally, it responds to the results that are delived from the practical part of the work.
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