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Application on nanoparticles in bio-medicine.
Bělinová, Tereza ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (advisor) ; Beranová, Jana (referee)
During last few years nanoparticles of different origin have been used in biomedicine. Their interactions with cells are however a big point of concern and so further research is needed to be done regarding their properties, internalization into cells and their fate within the cell. All of this is needed for correct selection of proper nanoparticles for bioimaging and also for future use in human medicine. One of the main parts of research is deep understanding of interactions of nanodiamonds and silicon based nanoparticles with cells, because of their highly unique properties (autofluorescence), biocompatibility and in case of silicon nanoparticles also their degradability.
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Computer predictions of cell movement
Bednář, Vojtěch ; Mrázová, Iveta (referee)
Title: Computer predictions of cell movement Author: Vojtěch Bednář Department: Department of Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Hedrlín, CSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: zdenek@kam.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: This work is focused on computer modelling of cells' behavior. Emphasis is layed on dynamics of cell structures creation. Our model is based on so called zygotic graph, which defines production of ligands by the cell in respose to it's chemical environment. This graph is widened with cell movement definition in direction of the highest concentration of the most seen substance. There are two topics modelled. Differentiation of homogenous tissues and angiogenesis. Part of the work is a simulation program. Experiences with performing of virtual experiments in it gives to the user a suitable frame of understanding of given topic. We show, that the number of isolated differentiated cells could be regulated by one quantitative parameter. Next, it seems, that a two - dimensional layout of a homogenous tissue could be in particular sense more suitable for differentiation, than in one - dimensional case. The work also allows us to see that consumption of environmental chemical supstances by cells could have an important influence on correct micro - vessel network buildup. Keywords: cell, simulation,...
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Role of exosomes and ectosomes in Trichomonas vaginalis virulence
Göblová, Rebeka ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Ditrich, Oleg (referee)
Trichomonas vaginalis is a causative agent of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease with approximately 275 mil new cases annually. Virulence of this parasitic depends on at least four factors: cell shape transformation, cytoadherence, secretion of cysteine proteases, and presence of endosymbionts. Over the past decades, extracellular vesicles appeared being another important player in the host-parasite interaction. It was discovered that T. vaginalis is one of the protists that can shed the extracellular vesicles such as exosomes and ectosomes. These vesicles are possibly involved in host-parasite communications, however limited information is available about their function. To investigate a possible role of exosomes in T. vaginalis virulence, we first selected suitable strain, which is free of endosymbionts (TV 17-2MI). Next we prepared six clones of TV 17-2MI strain to test whether the strain is homogenous concerning the virulence, or there are differences in virulence among individual cells. Mouse intraperitoneal virulence tests revealed that the clones displayed significant differences in virulence level, particularly in abscess formation and mortality of infected animals. Thus, for the first time we demonstrated heterogeneity of cells derived from a single T. vaginalis strain...
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Slithy, a blend of lithe and slimy
Šillerová, Kateřina ; Alster, Darina (referee) ; Hládeková, Katarína (advisor)
For my work Slithy, a Blend of Lithe and Slimy, a thought that consciousness appears even on the lowest levels of existence is essencial, I create an enviroment of a lab, in which spectator is in the role of another organism, surrounded by other organisms. I'm interested in relationship between microcosmos and macrocosmos and in seeing the same pattern through reality.
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Analýza tvorby dřeva buku lesního na výzkumné ploše Rájec-Holíkov
Porvalík, Radim
This bachelor thesis presents xylem formation of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on sample plot in Rájec-Holíkov in one year period,specifically exeptionally dry year 2015. Total of 6 trees were used as sample trees of which micro bores were obtained around the grith with the Trephor apparathus in chronological order from 23rd March to 12th November, once in a week. In laboratory, the samples were processed into permanent slides and analysed with a light microscope. The processes of xylem growth and xylem maturing from the initial phase to the complete differentiation were observed. First symthomps of initial phase and cambium activity occurred when mean day temperature reached 7,5 °C corresponding to end of April and start of the May. The secondary cell wall and gradual lignification occurred from 4th June 2015 (155 DOY) to 20th August 2015 (232 DOY). Fully lignified cells were occurring gradually until October. Total growth of tree ring lasted 90 days. The mean size of newly formed tree ring size 1235 µm according to Gompertz function.
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Exosomes in parasitic protists
Horáčková, Jana ; Tachezy, Jan (advisor) ; Štáfková, Jitka (referee)
Most cells release extracellular vesicles. These vesicles are exosomes, ectosomes and apoptotic bodies. The main function of ectosomes and exosomes is the intracellular communication and transport of molecules between cells. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to review the current knowledge about exosomes and ectosomes and how these vesicles contribute to the pathogenicity of parasitic protists. The parasitic protists release exosomes and ectosomes that contribute to their development in the host and play a key role in their pathogenicity. Exosomes and ectosomes can also affect the immune system of the host and facilitate the invasion of parasitic protists into the host cells.
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Design of mechanical, electrical construction and software equipment of autonomous cell "Ice crusher" for Industry 4.0 testbed.
Horák, Lukáš ; Benešl, Tomáš (referee) ; Pásek, Jan (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is design and construction of an autonomous cell on a production line with the purpose of being an „ice crusher“. The purpose of this cell is to be part of a Testbed. The cell will be controlled using a HMI touch panel and PLC 1200. Information about how much ice the cell should pour into a glass is stored in an NFC chip on the bottom of the glass. The first part of the thesis comprises of brief introduction to Industry 4.0 alongside with description of the default and current state of Industry 4.0 testbed. Another part describes mechanical and electrical design of the cell. Last part of the cell describes software of the cell alongside with description of testing and installing the cell to the testbed.
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Measurement of the properties of cells grown in hydrogel
Belák, Daniel ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
Main subject of this work is to present the possibilities of cultivation of cells in cultivation medium – hydrogel. Topic of the following part is introduction to the problematics of processing of the pictures made by light field microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. It studies the influence of parametres used in the process of stacking the pictures to reach the highest depth of field as possible. Last part is dedicated to measurement of the properties of cell cultures, its statistical processing and analysis.
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Control and monitoring of parameters in microfluidic systems
Meloun, Jan ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This thesis discusses the construction of Microfluidic systems for a microscope. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with cell and its survival in the environment. Furthermore, light, light’s behavior and optical spectral analysis in some methods is discussed. Also, the use of the development platform Arduino with wireless data transfer for data visualization is mentioned. Methods for measuring pH are mentioned as well. The practical part is dedicated to the construction of the Microfluidic system with the use of Arduino, smart mobile devices and a developed mobile application including controlling liquid flow with the measured data visualization.
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Jaroslavice – place in the landscape
Šmejkal, Jiří ; Galeová, Nicol (referee) ; Ponešová, Barbora (advisor)
The theme of this diploma thesis is the architectural study of the complex of the Farm of 3D Printers in Jaroslavice. The technology of 3D printing at its speed of development has far outweighed the response to its needs. It lacks a new systematically planned building typology corresponding to the requirements of farms. Farms adapt to the spaces. The main aim of the work is to introduce the possibility of turning the situation and adapting the premises to the farms. The thesis follows the urban design of the restructuring of the Jaroslavice landscape elaborated in the previous semester. The project respects established principles at microregion level in the form of emphasis on self-sufficiency, population integrity or the use of current technologies. The land is located on the southern part of Jaroslavice. There are 3 agricultural buildings located on the property, which until 2010, when a photovoltaic power plant was built, operated in conjunction with a neighboring agricultural court. After the power plant was built, the bonds were irreversibly broken. Buildings are in a very poor condition and mutual cooperation no longer works. The existing solution replaces and shows the possibility of using solar energy in a different way. Thus, the construction cartridge works with a hybrid typology where the 3D production area is combined with the maximum solar gains of the photovoltaic panels. Generative methods have been used to design dominantly either for finding a form in terms of achieving maximum solar gains or after verifying the efficiency of the structure. The proposal has several scenarios of possible development. There are four different stages of growth and the linkage of production areas. Printers are able to replicate themselves at such a rate that they can expect rapid growth. The proposal uses controlled growth methods to simulate complex development under the conditions of maximum solar radiation. Visual distraction and overheating are also solved by atypical sunsets on the exterior façade. Thin-film photovoltaic panels are used on the sun, so it is able to produce electricity besides the shield. The energy-efficient shape along with the great advantage of the layout solution, instead of the corridor disposition, is a basic cell on the central plan view. This makes it possible to control and operate more of the machines more efficiently. The production site forwards counts full robot automation.
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