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Application of fuzzy logic as a support for decision-making in financial market
Abrahám, Adam ; Šuňavcová, Nikola (oponent) ; Janková, Zuzana (vedoucí práce)
This thesis focuses on the application of fuzzy logic in supporting of decision-making in financial markets, especially in cryptocurrency investment. Firstly, the theory of fuzzy logic and its various applications are comprehensively discussed. Subsequently, cryptocurrencies and their investment criteria are analyzed. Based on this analysis, a fuzzy system is proposed as a decision-making tool for cryptocurrency investment. Specifically, the fuzzy system enables the evaluation of the risk and return of the investment in a particular cryptocurrency. The implementation of the proposed system, using MS Excel and MathWorks MATLAB, is also described. The experimental results show that the proposed fuzzy system is an effective decision-making tool for cryptocurrency investment.
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Secure and Efficient State Preservation in Ethereum-Based Smart Contract Platforms
Eršek, Martin ; Perešíni, Martin (oponent) ; Homoliak, Ivan (vedoucí práce)
This thesis presents a solution to mitigate state-related challenges in Ethereum. By analyzing Ethereum internals and relevant literature, the identified problems are addressed. A proof-of-concept implementation showcases promising results, such as up to a 33% reduction in membership proof size and nearly a 50% decrease in mean transaction execution time compared to existing solutions. Furthermore, the proposed solution enables effective parallel processing with over a 97% chance of non-conflicting execution for 8 random native transfer transactions. Future work involves implementing a parallel execution client and integrating the solution into production, advancing Ethereum's state management capabilities.
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Employing Network Intelligence for Deanonymization of Cryptocurrency Users
Horňák, Peter ; VUT), Marcel Marek (FIT (oponent) ; Grégr, Matěj (oponent) ; Jeřábek, Vladimír (oponent) ; Veselý, Vladimír (vedoucí práce)
The goal of this thesis is to analyze the Ethereum peer-to-peer network and nodes connected to the network. To collect the necessary data, we propose a monitoring system that can crawl the network, discovering new peers and collecting information about them on a regular basis. We implement version 4 and version 5 of Ethereum discovery protocol, to communicate with the network nodes. The platform is built on a microservices architecture for better scalability and modularity, while being encapsulated in Docker containers for easier deployment. The monitoring system collects and stores essential information such as IP addresses, port numbers, and asymmetric public keys in a time series database. For verification of results, the results are then compared with publicly available sources.
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Analysis of the Move Programming Language for Blockchain Platforms
Šmehýl, Adam ; Homoliak, Ivan (oponent) ; Perešíni, Martin (vedoucí práce)
This thesis studies the Move programming language, focusing on its usability for developing applications (smart contracts or programs) on blockchain platforms. Two key aspects are considered: first, a comparison of programming models using Move to widely used models of EVM-compatible platforms like Ethereum and the popular Solana blockchain; and second, the implementation of the same program in Solidity on Ethereum, Rust on Solana, and Move on Aptos. Criteria for comparison include deployment and execution costs, processing speed, code readability, and overall development experience. A detailed analysis of Move's unique features, such as resource management, the use of generics, and other security enhancements in programming, is conducted. The results demonstrate Move's potential for extensive use in the blockchain field, with its strong emphasis on secure coding and resource management contributing to the growing interest within the blockchain community.
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Decentralized E-Voting on Solana Blockchain
Hošala, Martin ; Očenášek, Pavel (oponent) ; Homoliak, Ivan (vedoucí práce)
This work was aimed at finding out the suitability of Solana blockchain for BBB-Voting system and creating a prototype of this system based on the provided solutions on Ethereum. The problem with Ethereum is its performace - a larger voting would take weeks. Solana promises much higher performace. To create the final solution, it was necessary to analyze Solana's system, BBB-Voting, design BBB-Voting for Solana, implement and test it. The final prototype is implemented in Rust using the Anchor framework. During the development, it was found that the algorithm which within the BBB-Voting protocol is used for vote validation is too computationally intensive and therefore due to the current limit on Solana, the system cannot be deployed on the mainnet. However, it is expected that this limit will be changed and the system can be deployed in the future. In that case, a rough estimate of the speedup over Etherem counterparts is around 3000 %. The cost of voting on Solana is also an order of magnitude lower. As part of the work, a front-end for voting was also developed - a single-page web application built using ReactJS.
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Fast Synchronization of New Nodes in the Fantom Opera Platform
Mlejnek, Matěj ; Homoliak, Ivan (oponent) ; Perešíni, Martin (vedoucí práce)
The goal of this master thesis is to research current ways of fast synchronization of new nodes in blockchain networks, considering different consenses. Then to compare these solutions, design feasible solution and then implement the new fast synchronisation for blockchain network Fantom Opera. The solution is based on an idea where new node in network doesn't connect to P2P network, but directly connects to one of the nodes and downloads just the necessary data to be synchronized with rest of network as fast as possible.
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Decentralizovaný autentizační systém založený na blockchainu
Mračna, Štefan ; Malinka, Kamil (oponent) ; Januš, Filip (vedoucí práce)
Tato práce se zabývá zavedením blockchainu do autentizačního systému, konkrétně do biometrického autentizačního systému pro otevírání dveří. Práce analyzuje různé blockchainové technologie a autentizační systémy a určuje, které technologie jsou pro tyto účely vhodné. Porovnává také centralizované a decentralizované autentizační systémy. Na základě analýzy se navrhuje decentralizovaný autentizační systém se zabudovaným blockchainem a zjednodušená verze systému, kde individuální zařízení jsou reprezentovány procesy, se implementuje. Nad tímto systémem je vytvořen program simulující provoz. Nakonec se provádí testování výkonnosti, bezpečnosti, spolehlivosti a paměťové náročnosti systému v různých podmínkách.
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Modeling and Simulation of Incentive Mechanisms in Ethereum
Burianová, Tereza ; Fiedor, Jan (oponent) ; Perešíni, Martin (vedoucí práce)
The topic of this thesis is the Ethereum incentive mechanism, in particular the changes introduced in EIP-1559. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the behaviour and propose any potential improvements in case of discovered flaws. The previously used first price auction mechanism required users to choose the incentive arbitrarily, which led to overpaying and high fee volatility. These problems occurred mainly due to higher network utilization after the popularization of projects such as decentralized finance, NFT collections, and the metaverse. The new incentive mechanism introduced the variable block size, which can adapt to the current network usage. Base fee, a value that indicates the minimum fee needed to include the transaction in the block, is then calculated based on the utilization of the previous block, making the fees more predictable. Several simulation experiments were proposed to investigate the typical behaviour and possible weaknesses of the mechanism. Finally, a possible improvement was found, and future research was proposed. The goals of the thesis were achieved, and the results were presented in the thesis.
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Cryptocurrency – a modern kind of money
Petrenec, Vojtěch ; Baumgartnerová, Alena (oponent) ; Jašková, Jana (vedoucí práce)
Cryptocurrency has become a well-known phenomenon in the worlds of banking and electronic payments, but it is still a mystery to the general public, and not everything is explained so that anybody can trade with it. The focus of this thesis is on cryptocurrency. The study concentrates on the origins of cryptocurrencies, the principles on which their security works, why their transactions are untraceable, and how these transfers are carried out. Subsequently, the thesis deals with where the owner can store his cryptocurrencies, what types of wallets exist, what cryptocurrency mining deals with and what can be obtained through it. Individual cryptocurrencies are discussed in the second chapter of this thesis, including their history, and which wallets are appropriate for each coin. Furthermore, fiat currencies are discussed, including their history and the economic functions they perform. Lastly, these economic functions are applied to cryptocurrency. The purpose of this thesis is to gain a greater understanding of cryptocurrencies, including what they are, how they work, and how to deal with them as well as how they differ from fiat currency.
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Virtuální měny
Mlýnková, Veronika ; Sikora, Marek (oponent) ; Zeman, Václav (vedoucí práce)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá virtuálními měnami, které v základě využívají technologii blockchain. Základy způsobu fungování jsou vysvětleny na kryptoměně bitcoin, která je z technologického hlediska rozebrána detailněji. Kromě obecného fungování bitcoinové sítě je pak blíže popsána například tvorba bitcoinových adres, složení transakcí a způsob jejich podepisování. Širší pohled na kryptoměny je obsažen ve čtvrté kapitole, kde je uvedena jejich klasifikace do generací a vysvětleny pojmy coin, token a stable coin. V kapitole Ethereum je pak vysvětlena funkce smart kontraktů a decentralizovaných aplikací. V rámci práce byla realizována laboratorní úloha, kde je popsán postup k naprogramování zjednodušeného blockchainu v jazyce Python. Pro podporu pochopení tématu byla dále vytvořena výuková aplikace formou webové stránky vytvořené na platformě Google sites, která shrnuje rozebrané téma.
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