|
|
Holy foolishness and schamanism
Nesrsta, Radek ; Kašpar, Oldřich (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
! Abstract! ! The aim of this thesis is to search for contact points between the two socioreligious phenomena, in which we expect continuity on the basis of their own intensive historical ethnic relations. By analyzing hagiographic legends and historical texts, we try to identify changes that the Byzantine phenomenon of foolishness for Christ undergoes after its introduction to cultural environment of Kievan Rus and its changes in the successor states, and we view these phenomena that emerged in this new environment and all together constitute the phenomenon of Russian foolishness for Christ in detail for the purpose of comparison by analogy with shamanism of Central Asian and Siberian ethnic communities. ! ! At the beginning of the work I deal with the nature of the sources and roots that represent foolishness for Christ that can be found in the Byzantine Empire but are linked to the Asia Minor and Mediterranean cultural environment. First, I present the various legends of individual saints. I put the Russian foolishness for Christ phenomenon into a broader historical and religious context to which phenomena that can be seen on the border of foolishness for Christ belong, and I briefly deal with Central Asian and Siberian shamanism. On this basis the analysis of possible cultural exchange and comparison of...
|
|
|
Taltos in Hungarian Culturae Tradition
Horychová, Simona ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The aim is to introduce a character of Táltoše in all its complexity. Táltos occurs mainly in Hungarian folklore. It is assumed that in rural environment are kept magic-religious beliefs of Proto-hungarians. Based on comparison of world beliefs Ugro-Finnish and Ural-Altaic ethnic groups of Siberia with the Hungarian folk tradition scientists try to prove that the original function of Táltos was the same as shaman held in Siberian ethnic groups. In the European environment, there are characters with the same attributes which dispose Táltos as well. For this reason, some scientists inclined to an European-Slavic origin. However, at the present Táltos is considered in Hungarian society as a shaman and therefore the scientists try to build on its old religious tradition. Keywords Taltos, shaman, shamanism, Hungarians, ethnogenesis, culture
|
|
|
The Ayahuasca Subculture in Prague
Petružálková, Kateřina ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Rychlík, Martin (referee)
Kateřina Petružálková: The Ayahuasca Subculture in Prague Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Department of Cultural Studies, MA Thesis, 95 pages, 2013 The aim of the thesis is to describe the phenomenon of ayahuasca, the sacred amazonian psychotropic beverage. The structure of the thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the attributes of ayahuasca, shamanism in the Upper Amazon, globalization of ayahuasca and ayahuasca syncretic churches. It is also described a variety of ritualized usage of ayahuasca and the current position in the Czech Republic. The practical part consists of a qualitative research among the members of ayahuasca subculture in Prague and self reflection of ayahuasca experience. Keywords: ayahuasca, shamanism, Upper Amazon, ritual
|
|
|
Altered States of Consciousness
Křečanová, Alena ; Hnilica, Karel (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
This theoretical study contains a systematic analysis of altered states of consciousness. The study is based on a reflection of the qualitative altered states of consciousness, that offers some potential and attempts to describe altered states of consciousness in their complexity as well as to map all their aspects in a structured. It utilises the notion of consciousness to define the altered states of consciousness. The chosen method is to work with literary sources where an emphasis is placed on an interdisciplinary approach. The structure of the thesis is divided into three chapters. The key topic of the first chapter is an examination of the phenomenon of consciousness and interdisciplinary theories of consciousness. The second chapter is focused on the description and analysis of altered states of consciousness, concentrates on the history and methods of research of altered states of consciousness and delineates their basic characteristic and their functions. The last chapter divides the altered states of consciousness into categories and gives them a detailed description. The thesis ends with a final conclusion which brings an integration of the findings above mentioned with the focused on the second chapter. Keywords: consciousness, altered states of consciousness, sleep and dreaming, near...
|
|
|
"Dom" in the context of the traditional Mongolian medicine
Kordíková, Daniela ; Oberfalzerová, Alena (advisor) ; Zikmundová, Veronika (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to define the basic features of traditional Mongolian treatment guidelines, with an emphasis on traditions of non-buddhist treatment. The main attention was paid to the healing method "dom", which stands on the border between folk medicine and magic, and is part of Mongolian cultural traditions. The first chapter "Classification of Mongolian traditional medicine" is dedicated to arranging the division of medical techniques in Mongolian territory and tries to set the techniques into historical context. The second chapter "Healing Tradition in the territory of Mongolia" focuses on the description of each treatment technique. The third chapter is devoted to the treatment of the Mongolian tradition called "dom". Since the Western literature refers to "dom" as magic, attention is paid first to magic. The second part consists of interviews on the issue and the definition of "dom" recorded in Mongolia and the final part follows with concrete examples of the "dom" set within the wider context of traditional methods of medical treatment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Contemporary Forms of Buryatian Shamanism
Havlíček, Marek Aurel ; Kašpar, Oldřich (advisor) ; Bělka, Luboš (referee) ; Fukas, Andrej (referee)
RESUMÉ V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Since the 1980s, a revival of religious traditions, whose continuity was disrupted considerably in the Soviet-era Russia, has been in motion in the entire area of Siberia and Central Asia, among the so called 'rooted nations'. While major religious groups, such as buddhism and islam, could successfully pick up the threads of their religious traditions thanks to their written resources; religions based mainly on oral transmission are facing the opposite situation, shamanism not being an exception. Intense tension coming from the spirituality of their own ethnic traditions, which spontaneously opened after many years of the Communist secularization, in the case of shamanism hit the barriers of how to adequately re- establish the disrupted traditions (lack of living bearers and experts on their own traditions, initiated and uninitiated shamans, and other ceremony specialists, ignorance of symbolism). The whole process of rebirth, revival or revitalisation of shamanism is entirely consistent with the context of current issues concerning constituent societies, which naturally carries the legacy of Soviet culture. Political and economic changes in the post- Soviet space also enabled the bearers of traditions to become open to a wide range of new influences from abroad. Revitalization...
|
|
| |
|
|
Vliv náboženství na rozvoj Peru
Tóthová, Nikola
In this bachelor work we will focus on description of existing forms of religion in Peru. In first part we will dealt with history of religion and individual traditions, habits and rituals of Peruvian inhabitants. In second part we will describe the development of religion in Peru during the 20 century. In the last part we will analyze the influence of religion on inhabitants and development of country, where we will try to understand the importance of religion in everyday's life of Peruvians.
|
|
|
Aspect of initiation in Shamanism: Crosscultural comparison
KOČÍ, Jan
This thesis deals with the shamanism and with the initiations of the shamans. In the first part the author describes these initiations at large and evokes the phenomenon of shamanism in general. The following part pursues the descriptions of the initiations in different places in the world. The selected cultures in this thesis present the traditional communities where the shamanism has a fixed position in their social structure. The author approaches the processes of initiation of shaman in the five ethnic groups of the three continents. He starts with the description of the three Siberian ethnic groups, than he continues with the North American one and he finishes with the South American one. The author emphasizes the way of the election of shaman, how and when these elections are created, and the process of the initiation ? he focuses on the visions and the rituals. In the final part of the thesis the author compares the initiations of particular cultures. These comparisons are based on the social relations between the shaman and the community.
|
|
|
Shamanism, Ancient Form of Human Religion and its Intercultural Features
PLETKOVÁ, Petra
I characterize the shaman{\crq}s figure and influence on the society in my work. Further I deal with shamanism, its development and mutual comparison of sha-manism in individual cultures. I characterize individual types of shamanic cultures and their geographical placement. Further I describe the way of performance of shamanic techniques and their goals. I also pay attention to a possible power role of the shaman. I also describe the basic shamanic cosmology. I go on comparing individual cultures and seeking differences. Then I perform general evaluation of all cultures and subsequently I consider the task and influence of shamanism in contemporary society.
|
guest ::
