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Proteomic analysis of lysozyme and lysozyme-like proteins of synanthropic mites
Chum, Tomáš ; Erban, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikeš, Libor (referee)
This diploma thesis was focused on the study of lysozyme and lysozyme-like proteins, either of similar function (antibacterial) or molecular weight (14 - 17 kDa), of synanthropic acaroid mites. In general, animals utilize lysozymes for defensive (antimicrobial) or digestive purposes but also as a digestive enzyme. Some chitinases or other enzymes that act similarly to lysozyme can be utilized for similar purposes. Chitinases belong to house dust mite allergens. One of major mite are historically named lysozyme-like proteins which name relates to their size similar to lysozyme. Bacteriolytic activity has also 14.5 kDa (UniprotKB Q8MWR6) protein. The species selected for the study were domestic mites Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Lepidoglyphus destructor. Presence of lysozyme was detected by direct detection with polyclonal antibody using immunohistochemistry and dot blots. Immunohistochemistry proved presence of lysozyme epitopes in the feces of D. farinae, D pteronyssinus a L. destructor. Dot blot analysis demonstrated the presence of imunoreactivity of antibody in spent growth medium extracts (SGME) of all three species. This implies that lysozyme is synthesized in the midgut. The presence of lysozyme and lysozyme-like proteins was proved using 2D electrophoresis and MALDI TOF/TOF...
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Probiotics and their use in food industry
Diado, Aleksandra ; Rittich, Bohuslav (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Probiotic bacteria are defined as live microorganisms, which when consumed in the determining quantities, have healthy and beneficial effects. Most of probiotics belongs to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These and other genera of microorganisms are successfully used in industry, including food industry at present. Probiotics are used primarily in dairy products and food additives in food idustry. Probiotic bacteria, like other organisms, can be to identifie by PCR method that allows amplifying specific regions of DNA. Polymerase chain reaction was performed after DNA isolation from bacterial cultures of three strains using phenol extraction method. PCR specific for the domain Bacteria and genus-specific PCR were used for the confirmation of the presence of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus.
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Vliv alelopatických látek obsažených v biomase Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. na vybrané rostliny a odhad aktuálních rizik pro zemědělskou produkci
Kašparová, Markéta
The effect of the allelopathic substances contained in Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. was monitored on selected plant species. As an accompanying plants Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - spring form, Common Bird's-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra L.), Timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.), Tall oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius L.) and Ribwort (Plantago lanceolata L.) were selected. In cultivation experiments were used extracts from the aerial parts of common ragweed, root extracts and common ragweed plant sown to the tested plants. From the values obtained in cultivation experiments the influence of common ragweed on selected plant species and its impact on agricultural production was evaluated.
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Nové možnosti využití pozitivních mikroorganismů při pěstování zeleniny
Drobil, Ondřej
The aim of my diploma thesis was to summarise all possible information of using of preparations with micro-organisms and helpful soil preparations. In the experimental part the aim was to prove the influence of these preparations on production and nutritional parameters of the leek (Allium porrum L.) in the soil very poor with nutrients. As the type of the leek the autumn kind Gevaria F1 was chosen. On the model cultivation of vegetables, I observed the influence of the preparation with mycosis fungi Glomus intraradices BEG140, G. claroideum BEG210, G. microaggregatum BEG56, G. intraradices S7, G. versiforme along with tribe Trichoderma harzianum 78. Then there was also the preparation which contained the extract from alga and bacteria Azospirillum brasilense K2012 242/9 NCAIM (P) B.001403, Azospirillum largimobile K2012 B41 NCAIM (P) B.001402, Leuconostoc mesenteroides K2009 25/4 NCAIM (P) B.001372, Pseudomonas chlororaphis K2009 13/4 B NCAIM (P) B.001370, Pseudomonas lundensis K2009 9/4-B NCAIM (P) B.001371 and a substance Fenyl-7, which is artificial similarity of strigolaktons. The experiment was done on the grounds of the company Richter Rasen Slovakia s.r.o. . From the evaluated results we can see that the use of preparations did not have any crucial influence on production parameters of the leek. The highest production was at the checking version. At the others determined parameters of the production, the highest value was at the checking version. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The highest amount of solids was found at the version containing mycosis fungi and trichoderm. I evaluated also the antioxidant kapacity; the highest measured value was in the checking plants comparing to the lowest amount at the version of alga and a bacteria and the preparation Fenyl -- 7. The content of nitrates in the plant netting was the highest at the checking version. The content of vitamin C had the highest value at the chceking version and the lowest value at the version with mycorrhiza and trichoderm. The rate of colonisation was 70,1 % at the version with mycorrhiza; the checking version in this evaluation got 25,65 % of the rate of colonisation of the root. From the elaborated results the conclusion that the preparations had the impact on the evaluated parameters in case of testing in the poor sandy soils cannot be clearly done.
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Clicking in cervids - basic parameters, origin and function?
POJEROVÁ, Lucie
It is well known that some ungulates produce clicking sound by limbs, but often without more details. This study deals with the clicking sound in five cervid taxons, specifically in Caribou (Rangifer tarandus), Pere David´s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus), Western Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Moose (Alces alces), Barbary stag (Cervus elaphus barbarus) in detail. Dominant frequency, 25% quartile, 50% quartile, 75% quartile were investigated for these species, with the particular attention to sex, age and limb position (forelimb, hind-limb) of studied individuals. Clicks sounds were recorded by solid state recorder Marantz PMD 620 with microphone and handset and analysed using program Avisoft-SAS Lab Pro Software, verze 5.0.01 (2010). Statistical analysis of obtained sound parameters were performed using program STATISTICA, version 12 (ANONYMUS 2012).Individuals within the species were compared using discriminant analysis and one-way ANOVA, species using discriminant analysis and nested ANOVA. Nested ANOVA was also used for testing of the sex and age influence on click parameters. Phylogenetic distribution of clicking was determined using the parsimony approach. Results suggest differences among within particular taxon, but differences among species depend on used methods (they are different using nested ANOVA, but they are not different except for Barbary stag in discriminant analysis). Click parameters were significantly associated with age, but not with sex of particular individuals. Ancestor of cervids seems to produce clicking, the evolution of this sound was associated later with its reduction in course of cervid evolution.
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Psychic load as a distinctive and inseperable component of lifeguarding service
Němec, Jiří ; Miler, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jansa, Petr (referee)
Title: Psychic load as a distinctive and inseperable component of lifeguarding service Aim of thesis: Aim of thesis is to explore perception of psychic workload by lifeguards in Czech republic and to extract basic psychological aspects of their job by statistical analysis based on retrieved data. This research also seeks for distinctions in perception of psychic workload between different groups of employees sorted by age, gender, qualification and other characteristics, such as diverse work environment or collective team size, and compares acquired results with other studies targeted on the same problematic in other work branches. Method: To retrieve data were used three questionnaires, which where spreaded electronically in cooperation with secretaryship of Water Rescue Service of Czech Red Cross and tens of pool operators throughout all the Czech republic. All the responses were descriptively and analytically processed using SPSS 17 programme and standardised statistical methods. Results: Results and conclusions will be used to characterise lifeguard occupation in a psychological way and to point out work-related and environment-related factors which have the most significant influence on lifeguards psychic. They will serve as a complementary material for pool operators to help them create more...
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The Study of Interactions of Bubbles with Solid Surface. The Effect of Surfactant Concentration and Type of Solid Surface
Vobecká, Lucie ; Zedníková, Mária ; Vejražka, Jiří ; Růžička, Marek
This contribution deals with experimental study of interactions between a bubble and a solid horizontal surface. The influence of surfactant concentration in liquid and of material of the solid surface on the interaction is observed. It is observed that the material of solid surface has not significant influence on the hydrodynamics of impact of bubble on a wall. The impact velocity is not affected by surfactant presence because the liquid flow around the bubble moves adsorbed surfactants to rear of the bubble and the interface at top of the bubble stays mobile. The presence of surfactant has strong effect on the bubble rebound, as the rebound velocity and the maximal distance of bubble from the wall decreases with increasing surfactant concentration. No bubble rebound is observed at high concentration of surfactant.
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Secondary raw materials for construction and recultivation of averse impacts of anthropogenic activity on the environment
Suchomelová, Leona ; Kudrna, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slomek, Jiří (referee)
This work concern utilization of waste in order to produce secondary raw materials and its trying to describe the possible applications of these materials in the best way to meet the economic and ecological requirements. It contains a brief description of the characteristics of secondary raw materials, which have the greatest benefit for use in the construction, which are especially large volume raw materials produced from industrial waste. It focuses mostly on fly ash, slag produced by blast furnace and steelworks and waste produced in construction sites. Use of secondary raw materials are divided on production of raw materials produced from fly ash and slag, on construction of roads, where it's possible to apply large volumes of fly ash, slag and other secondary materials, and construction and reclamation of waste dumps and wasteponds. It also concerns negative influence of secondary raw materials to the environment, levels of pollutants in solid and the water extract.
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Study of Interactions between Phenol Red and Cotionic Tensides Using Spectral Methods I.
Belatková, Petra ; Kubíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lázníčková, Alice (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Petra Belatková Consultant Ing. Vladimír Kubíček, CSc. Title of Thesis Study of interactions between phenol red and cationic tensides with using spectral methods I This diploma thesis deals with study of interactions between organic dye phenol red and tensides cetyltrimethylamoniumbromide, benzethoniumchloride, cetylpyridiniumchloride and carbethopendeciniumbromide with using fluorimetry with polarized light. In addition, in the case of the last two surfactants the interactions were studied by using extraction photometry, UV-VIS spectrofotometry and classic spectrofluorimetry. The obtained results show that premicellar aggregates, containing both the dye and the tenside species, are formed in the studied solutions due to the significant mutual interaction of both species.
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Characteristics of solid amalgam electrodes different from HMDE
Josypčuk, Bohdan ; Navrátil, Tomáš
In the contribution are shown the results of experiments realized with solid amalgam electrodes containing, apart from mercury, also Ag, Cu, Ir, Au, Bi, or Cd. These results differ from those obtained with the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). In some cases the solid amalgam electrodes enable the study of properties of compounds, which can not be observed on HMDE, usually due to the anodic dissolution of mercury. Anodic stripping voltammetry of Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III), cathodic stripping voltammetry of adenine, guanine, phytochelatins, sulfides, and catalytic processes in presence of hydrogen peroxide, alcohols and Os-modified DNA, were studied with the working amalgam electrodes.
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