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Distribution, binding and mobility of Ni in soil in the closed Ni mining area in the vicinity of Křemže
Pipková, Zuzana ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vaněk, Aleš (referee)
Soils in the vicinity of Křemže in the Southern Bohemia are developed on altered ultrabasic rocks. The occurrence of Ni-hydrosilicate and Fe-rich ores in this area lead to their mining mainly during 19th century, then during the World War II. This thesis is focused on distribution and availability of Ni, Cr and Co and accompanying elements in soils at former mine and prospection sites (2 soil profiles and 32 topsoil samples at historical surface mine area). In all soil samples, physico-chemical parameters (pH, TOC, TS) and bulk concentrations of Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured. In addition, deionised water, DTPA and EDTA extracts were used to determine the (bio)availability and mobility of these elements. Some of trace elements were found in elevated concentrations in the mining area topsoils; mean Ni: 1175 mg/kg (range 545-2849 mg/kg), mean Cr: 416 mg/kg (240-849 mg/kg), mean Co: 127 mg/kg (65-238 mg/kg), mean Fe: 49155 mg/kg (30460-113800 mg/kg), mean Mg: 12648 mg/kg (8795-18770 mg/kg) and mean Mn: 1480 mg/kg (1028-2319 mg/kg). In soil profiles the Ni availability decreased with depth. In the uppermost organic O horizon in forest soil profile, 19.5 % and 23.8 % of total Ni was extracted by DTPA and EDTA, respectively. The extractabilities are decreasing down to mineral...
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Role of the yxkO gene of Bacillus subtilis in responce to environmental stress.
Petrovová, Miroslava ; Lichá, Irena (advisor) ; Nešvera, Jan (referee)
ROLE OF THE YXKO GENE OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS IN RESPONCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS Abstract Mutation of the yxkO gene, which encodes a putative ribokinase and belongs to the σB general stress response regulon, leads to reduced salt tolerance under potassium limitation in Bacillus subtilis. The biological function of the yxkO gene has not been determined yet, but it may be involved in the high affinity potassium uptake system, which has been described in Escherichia coli in contrast to Bacillus subtilis. Our goal was to describe another features of a mutant in the yxkO gene and to try to propose the role of this gene. Using the integration vector pMutin4, we prepared a Bacillus subtilis strain MP2 with a yxkO gene inactivation. The MP2 strain displays limited growth in a rich medium and it is a sensitive strain to tetracycline. Furthermore, this strain is unable to form endospores and the cells are longer, which indicates a septum formation defect. We accomplished a 2-D protein gel analysis to compare expression profiles of the MP2 strain and the 1A680 standard strain after salt and ethanol stress. The MP2 strain shows changes in productions of some energy metabolism enzymes and flagellin protein. We conclude that yxkO is a regulatory gene, whose product has a pleiotropic effect on many of cell functions.
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Today's alternative paradigm: considerate humanity with a revived sense of wonder at the world and a commitment to life
Sokolíčková, Zdenka ; Ortová, Jitka (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee) ; Lapka, Miloslav (referee)
The dissertation, Today's alternative paradigm: Considerate humanity with a revived sense of wonder at the world and a commitment to life, attempts to revise the Western worldview, in particular its understanding of the relationship between humans and their environment. The scientific focus of the thesis is based in environmental ethics, while the common ground and the method derive from the approach of cultural science toward culture and its aspects. The aim of the dissertation is to offer a revived look on the reciprocal interaction between people and the world, which is inevitably modified through human culture. Critical reflections on the Western paradigm and its ecologically unsustainable consequences have been numerous within social sciences during the last decades. The perspective of the dissertation is a web consisting of three variables - man, the interpretation of their role in the world, and treatment of the natural environment implied by this interpretation. The three pillars of the dissertation are considerate humanity, revived sense of wonder at the world and commitment to life. The first of them is an outcome of the analysis of two opposing schools of environmentalist thought, the anthropocentric and the non-anthropocentric. Both blocks include various nuances but they can be distinguished...
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Geophysical survey for deep geothermal energy exploitation at the site Nova Paka
Karousová, Magda ; Karous, Miloš (advisor) ; Kobr, Miroslav (referee)
Title: Geophysical survey for deep geothermal energy exploitation at the site Nova Paka Author: Magda Karousová Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Miloš Karous, DrSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: karous@geonika.com The topic of this thesis is a literature search of geological, geophysical, and geothermal information about wider surroundings of the area of Nova Paka and a complete geophysical survey focused on mapping of deeper fault zones and verification of Permo-Carboniferous sediments thickness. The area has been preliminarily assessed as promising for the use of deep geothermal energy. It belongs to the south-western part of Krkonoše Piedmont Basin. The bedrock of the basin is formed by Proterozoic metamorphites. Heating of surrounding rocks by intrusions of local volcanics during the Younger Tertiary is considered important for geothermal applications. The cover of metamorphic bedrock by sediments may indicate accumulation of the heat from the bedrock at relatively shallow depths of several hundred meters. Geophysical measurements, namely reflection and refraction seismics, gravimetry and resistivity profiling identified two major fault zones of east-west and northwest-southeast direction. The interpretation of the data obtained by geophysical sounding methods, namely seismic reflection and vertical...
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Poisonous plants and their use in instruction in an interdisciplinary context
Kotlíková, Marcela ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
The dissertation's topic is poisonous plants and their use in instruction in an interdisciplinary context. This work provides information about plant psychotropic substances and their effects on human body. The dissertation seeks to highlight the importance of this topic in education and suggest its implementation in practice. The theoretical part is divided into chapters. The first chapter profiles current textbooks for elementary and high schools. It discusses poisonous plants, their substances, and, in some cases, warnings regarding their hazardousness. On these themes are localized also research of curriculum documents for elementary education and curriculum documents for high school. Chapter two contains more detailed information about poisonous plants that are most often mentioned in elementary and high school textbooks. The third chapter is about psychoactive plants, their possible use and misuse, and drug prevention in schools. This chapter resulted from the lack of information about first aid in textbooks. The practical part contains a questionnaire that assesses students' awareness of poisonous plants and drugs. The dissertation also contains suggestions for activities with poisonous plants in instruction.
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Process of „aryanization" in the region of Kolín
Dudáš, Filip ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Dufek, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with process of "aryanization" in the time of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia and it emphasizes the region of Kolín. The thesis is divided into two parts, the first one covers the mechanism of "aryanization", it describes by whom was it executed and who was the proffitent. The second analytical part deals with the "aryanization" in the Kolín's region which is characterised by the means of archive sources (State district archive in Prague, State District Archive in Plzeň, Security Services Archive in Prague, The National Archive in Prague). It describes life strory of the jewish family Morawetz and their "aryanizated" manor farm estate in Světlá nad Sázavou and Golčův Jeníkov. The study is completed with personal profile of the two officers, imposed administrator Werner Würfel and regional council president Wilhelm Hübner.
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The cross-cultural transfer and validation of Butler's self image profile for children
Fried, Martin ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
The aim of this study was the cross-cultural transfer and validation of the Self Image Profile for Children (Butler, 2001), originally validated for the sample of English children. The questionnaire was translated into Czech language using modified direct and back translation method. The sample was made up by 109 children from two elementary school in Prague, attending from 3rd to 5th grade. Construct validity was explored by comparison with results of Student's Perception of Ability Scale (SPAS), Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS). The third criterion was average school grade. Factor analysis revealed the same number of domains, but with slightly different item distribution. Reliability measured as the Cronbach's coefficient alpha was the same for Positive Self Image (.69) and better for Negative Self Image (.77) compered to original (.69 both). The results are discussed in connection with theoretical rationale of scale and possibility of further application in Czech background.
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Study of the profile asymmetry of the spectral lines in solar eruptions
Prosecký, Tomáš
Spectral lines in solar ares may indicate prole asymmetries. This phenomenon can contain information about velocity elds as present in dierent optical depths and geometric heights of solar atmosphere aected by thermal heating or dierent non-thermal are processes. Spectral lines of various chemical elements originate in dierent heights of solar atmosphere so they can keep information about the spatial distribution and time evolution of velocity eld in the aring atmosphere. To detect vertical velocity eld from observed H proles spectral line prole asymmetries are analysed. In addition to a classical bisector method a method of comparison of the observed and non-LTE calculated proles is used. Possibilities and results of these two methods are compared and discussed.
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Interaction of Metal Cations in Bioorganic Environment. Computational Study Using Quantum Mechanics and Molecular MechanicsTools.
Futera, Zdeněk ; Burda, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Bouř, Petr (referee) ; Clark, Tim (referee)
Interactions of Metal Cations in Bioorganic Environment Computational Study Using Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Mechanics Tools Zdeněk Futera Biologically relevant interactions of piano-stool ruthenium(II) complexes with ds-DNA are studied by QM/MM computational technique. The whole re- action mechanism is divided into three phases - hydration of [RuII (η6 - benzene)(en)Cl]+ , consequent binding DNA and final intra-strand cross-link formation between two adjacent guanines. Free energy profiles of all reactions are explored by QM/MM MD umbrella sampling approach where the Ru(II) complex is described by DFT. For that purpose, special QM/MM software was developed to couple Gaussian and Amber programs. Calculated free energy barriers of Ru(II) hydration as well as DNA binding process are in good agreement with experimentally determined rate constants. Reaction pathway for cross-link formation was predicted that is feasible from both thermodynamical and kinetical point of view.
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Transformation of radio broadcasting in Pardubice after 1989 (in relation to Radio Profil)
Nováková, Anna ; Groman, Martin (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The goal of this work is to describe (on the basis of archival sources, topical newspapers and magazines, legal enactments and interviews with personal observers) the emergence of the first private radio station in Eastern Bohemia in the beginning of nineties. This is seen as an example of wider transformation processes within the whole Czech media area. The state owned and controlled electronic media were substituted by private (mostly commercial) media and the statutory public-service broadcaster.
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