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Laterality as a pedagogical issue
OBSELKOVÁ, Gabriela
The bachelor thesis is focused on pre school and early school children education, considering their laterality. The work investigates activities that are mostly affected by children's laterality and attempts to determine where the biggest laterality concerning pedagogical issue lies. Theoretical part of this thesis brings basic information about the laterality issue and education. The concept of laterality is explained first in terms of etymology and then the division of laterality is discussed. Further, there is a description of mutual relationship between laterality and cerebral dominance, evolution of laterality and the process of its diagnosis, including the quantification of the right-handedness quotient and assessment of particular kinds, degrees and types of laterality. The work also introduces the term right-handed society, possible reasons of its creation and its historical evolution. Further, the work focuses on pre-school and early school children education, therefore a characteristic of the particular period in child development is defined and then a right- and left-handed children education itself is described. In relation with the thesis' aim, students writing education is discussed, along with its principles, possible used methods, particular education phases and also the new font Comenia Script is mentioned together with differences in writing education at alternative schools. The work also describes the specifics of left-hand writing. Goal of the empiric part of the thesis was to find out the way upbringing, education and methodology of graphomotorics development in child writing is implemented in the early school years, taking into account their laterality. Three questions were defined for this research. Question no. 1: How is the graphomotorics development and right- and left-handed child writing education implemented during pre-school and early school years? Q. no. 2: What part do the teachers in pre-schools and primary school attribute to the methodology and didactics of graphomotoric development? Q. no. 3: What are the results of right- and left-handed pupils during initial writing? During the practical part of the thesis, a qualitative research strategy was used. In order to obtain necessary data, a laterality test, structured observation technique and half-standardized interview were used. The research was held in the school year 2013/2014 in three schools in the city of Světlá nad Sázavou. There were 54 pre-school children, 51 primary school pupils and 7 teachers participating in the research. Results of this work bring processed data from all the techniques used in the research and give the information about functional laterality of respondents and also about the way left- and right-handed children education is conducted during the pre school and early school age. The results show that the number of right-handed exceeds the number of left-handed and also an experts´ opinion on the children laterality development was confirmed. The research also brings knowledge about the importance of children's and pupils' work habits education, improving writing skills, which is not yet fixed even in the first grade pupils. Finally, the research also describes the process of writing education in first grade in the selected primary schools, which differentiates most in the way of left-handed education, where 2 teachers accept the so called top way of writing and one teacher encourages pupils to write only using the bottom way of writing. According to interviews with teachers, right- and left-handed pupils have the same results in writing in all of the classes. Interviews also bring the teachers´ opinions on the new Comenia Script font. This thesis brings findings about right- and left-handed children and pupils´ education in selected pre-schools and primary schools. Results can be used as topics for discussions centered around methodology and didactics of writing education considering pupils' laterality.
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Motoric manifestation of laterality and its relation to performance in Taekwon-do ITF
Vaněk, Lukáš ; Štochl, Jan (advisor) ; Honsová, Šárka (referee)
Title: Motoric manifestation of laterality and its relation to performance in Taekwon-do ITF Author: Vaněk Lukáš Field of study: Physical training and sport Tutor: PhDr. Jan Štochl, Ph.D. Purposes: The main object is to proof the hypothesis of higher prevalence of left-handed probands in the martial arts area than in the common population and also to proof them being more succesful than right-handed probands from the same group. Methods: The tested group consisted of 51 probands on the highest performance level - members of junior and senior Czech Taekwon-do ITF national team. The group was tested with a special testing system designed specially for the purpose ofthis thesis. Results: On the basis of the results it can be said that laterality distribution in the tested group corresponds with the laterality distribution in the common population declared in literature. Differences were found only in the group "seniors-male" where the distibution tends to be higher than featured in literature. No significant proof ofthe supposed dependence of success on laterality in particular probands was found except for the male senior team where the corelation coefficient showed high level ofdependence. Conclusions: The advantage of left-handed people in martial arts is perceptible. Though, based on our research...
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Geomorphological evidence of neotectonic activity along Cordillera Blanca fault zone, Peru
Masák, Ondřej ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Stemberk, Josef (referee)
Southwest base of Cordillera Blanca mts. in South American Ands belongs to the most tectonically active fault zones. The core of this thesis was making of a detailed geomorphological map based on remote sensing satellite images for the purpose of analysis of direct and indirect manifestations of neotectonics. The greatest emphasis was placed on morphological manifestations of tectonics movements which are fault scarps facets and vertical fault steps deforming other shapes of relief - e.g. lateral moraines, dejection cones. Vertical steps reach from a few meters to tens of meters (max. 60 m) according to the age of influenced landform. Evaluation of measurements from deformometr from locality Pitec shows main trends of movements - moderate rise of massif, slow opening of fault plane and negligible left-lateral slip. Calculation of mountain-front sinuosity index, whose values were found relatively low, confirms high tectonic activity of fault zone. Analysis of longitudinal stream profiles hasn't showed presence of knick-points in the place of crossing with fault zone. Non-continuous process of lifting movements, whose interval is estimated at 1ka to 3ka (while the very last 2ka has been in relative tectonic calm), could be a possible explanation. Deep erosion of water streams wiped the tectonics...
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Trunk ortheses and their application in the treatment of scoliosis
Čáková, Marcela ; Šamánková, Marie (advisor) ; Vyskočil, Tomáš (referee)
People with the spinal column deformity are first time mentioned already in the times of ancient civilizations, about 3500 years' BC. Those people were mostly proscribed from the common society. Hippocrates was the first who described scoliosis as an illness. The scoliosis is a pathological space curvature of the spine to right or left side in the frontal plane. It is very often accompanied with the rotation of vertebras. Structural scoliosis is a fixed lateral (sideway) curve of the spine. It is conditioned by structural changes of the vertebras body, its rotation and the vertebras parts asymmetry. Nonstructural scoliosis hasn't got anatomical basis of its origin in the spine itself. The vertebras aren't deformed. It's caused by underlying condition such as difference in leg length. Treatment of scoliosis is often provided by conservative methods such as body brace and rehabilitation. If there is a high progression of scoliosis curve - an operative treatment is indicated. I've made a survey in the subject of "spinal braces and their use in scoliosis treatment." I've been visiting a working place where the spinal braces are made. They allowed me to communicate with patients. I've prepared a questionnaire which included seventeen questions. Thanks to it I've discovered that most of the respondents are women...
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PNF technique after arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder
Benešová, Martina ; Holubářová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: PNF technique after arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder joint Objectives: The objective of this work is to consider the possibility of use of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique (PNF) in early stages of rehabilitation after arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder joint. The idea is to use the phenomen of irradiation with which this concept works. Methods: The pilot experimental group consisted of 7 healthy participants with simulated arthroscopic stabilization of the left shoulder joint. The electromyography was used to record the electric activity of musculus trapezius pars descendens, pars transversa et pars ascendens, musculus deltoideus pars acromialis, musculus infraspinatus and musculus pectoralis major pars sternocostalis on the immobilized left arm; while using the PNF technique on the peripheral parts of the immobilised arm; and on the contra lateral arm. A 5s sequence of stabilised isometric contraction was analysed and all data further normalised to Maximal Voluntary Contraction (MVC). Considering the literature the 20% increase above the MVC was defined as substantial to assure sufficient functional capacity of the muscle fibres and therefore sufficient to stop muscle atrophy during immobilisation of the arm. Results: Results of this study support...
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Strain-stress analysis of spinal segment
Pánis, Vladimír ; Janíček, Přemysl (referee) ; Návrat, Tomáš (advisor)
Presented work deals with the strain-stress analysis of a spinal segment while monitoring the influence of total disk replacement Maverick on the global behaviour of the spinal segment. It also assesses the influence of this implant on the nearest upper intervertebral disk. On the basis of CT images was in the program Rhinoceros created the geometry model of spinal segment Th12-L2. The geometry model of implant was applied between vertebra L1 and L2 instead of intervertebral disk from which the whole core was removed, while in the immediate surrounding of implant the part of disk was left, which is important from the view of stability. Subsequently were in the program Ansys Workbench created finite element models for two states: - healthy (unbroken) status - status with applied implant Then the calculations for movements were realized: lateral flexion, flexion, extension, rotation. For the same movements were realized calculations of the model simulated spinal fusion of the vertebras L1-L2. Finally an influence both of methods (total disk replacement, spinal fusion) on the intervertebral disk Th12-L1 was compared.
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Vliv stájové teploty na ležení a stání dojnic holštýnského skotu ve volném boxovém ustájení
Křístková, Jana
The subject of this thesis was to evaluate the influence of stable temperature for lying and standing cows of Holstein cattle in free boxing housing. Observation was carried out on the Milk farm Lubina s.r.o., in the course of one calendar year, in winter and summer season (February to August). The reference factor was primarily Stable temperature, as well as seasons, milk production of dairy cows and lactation. Evaluation of behavioral symptoms was centered mainly on relaxation behavior of dairy cows and cos lying on laterality Statistical evaluation was done in STATISTICA 10.0. Based on the results we can say that Stable temperature or other examined factors do not affect the cows lying and standing. In particular temperature ranges more cows lay than stand and the preferences were left lying position.
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Development of graphomotorie stills and habits for future writing in litthanders at nursery school
Křápová, Jarmila ; Linková, Marie (referee) ; Kropáčková, Jana (advisor)
This dissertation deals with the issue of left-handedness in pre-school children in connection with entrance into primary school, particularly by possibilities of the development of graphomotoric skills and habits for future writing in lefthanders at nursery school. The theoretical part deals with terms of laterality, possibilities of diagnostics and the issue of left-handedness in history of society. Inseparable part of the work is the sequence of graphomotoric activities in the pre-school age for initial teaching of writing, the chapter dealing with left-handwriting methodology and the selection of suitable tools for lefthanders. The practical part is concentrating on the acquisition of correct habits and skills of left-handers for later writing by the help of graphomotoric programmes realized at nursery schools. The views of nursery schools teachers and parents on left-handedness and its contemporary problems form the completive part.
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Laterality and other factors affecting wages in PR agencies
Borovská, Radka ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
Left-handed persons are expected to earn less as a penalty for their unstandard hand orientation. However, it was discovered, that the reality is opposite (Denny, O'Sullivan 2007). This thesis examines on a sample of employees of PR agencies in the Czech republic success of left-handed persons in work according to their wage, frequency of promotions and working position. There was no correlation with laterality observed. Another tested part is their alcohol consumption and frequency of their visits in pubs, which should positively influence their wages, if their consumption is moderate (Peters, Stringham 2006). However, it was discovered, that wages are influenced by sex, but not by laterality, even alcohol consumption does not influence wages. Smoking influence amount of wages in a negative way (Levine et al. 1997) and is more common between left-handed persons (Ernest Harburg, Anna Feldstein, James Papsdorf 1978). There is a relationship between laterality and smoking, but there is no effect of smoking on wages at all.
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Role of laterality in agonistic behaviour of red deer II
Jirsová, Adéla ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Kouba, Marek (referee)
The theoretical part of this diploma thesis deals with the role of brain laterality of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in agonistic behaviour. Therefore, the largest part of the review of published scientific outcome is devoted to the agonistic behaviour, namely it focuses on the fights between males during the autumn rut. Battles are strictly ritualized and males adhere to strict rules. The role of laterality in animals is being recently studied and the outcomes so far indicates that, particularly in agonistic interactions the laterality may play a significant role. Brain lateralization is simply a preference for one or the other hemisphere in certain activities. The main topic of this thesis is how laterality affects combat of red deer.
The research part took place in a deer-park Zátoň where the duels between stags in rut were recorded. We also used videos from farms Podlesko and Žalany and a deer-park Milešov. These records were processed in the program Noldus Observes, with emphasis placed on the facts which deer was the initiator of the fight and his position to opponent, or with which eye the opponent was perceived at the beginning, but also during the fight. Data were statistically evaluated in SAS software (version 9.4., SAS Institute Inc.). We observed a strong tendency that the winner also initiates the interaction. Chance, that the winner will be the initiator, was compared to recipient 15 times higher. Initiator estimates his option in the battle to win, so he does not let the duel quit before it comes to physical confrontation. Regardless of the character of the behaviour initiator approached his rival more likely on right eye. There was statistically significant demonstrated initiator access to the recipient from the right side in parallel walk as well as in direct physical engagement. As stags train fights during the whole year, so even in the rut are information processed by the left hemisphere, which controls the routine affairs. We can say, that the deer fights during the rut are so frequent, when applies the routine of using antlers as a weapons and therefore we observe right side preference.
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