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Effect of volcanic ash to Air Transport
Soukop, Robin ; Šplíchal, Miroslav (referee) ; Chlebek, Jiří (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the issue of volcanic ash as a complex and its impact on aviation, including the volcanic activity itself (conditions for its existence, for existence of eruptions and their basic products). In addition, the thesis also deals with effect of volcanic ash on aircraft and airports, possibilities of its detection or monitoring as well as mechanism of its spreading in airspace. The emphasis is laid mainly on air incidents related to volcanic ash and on danger it poses to the airspace of the Czech Republic.
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Contradictions analysis of small water power Ostravice.
Kupčík, Roman ; Skoták, Aleš (referee) ; Haluza, Miloslav (advisor)
The main subject of the diploma thesis „Contradiction analysis of small water power Ostravice“ is solution of reduced output of small water power plant on the river Ostravice near the town Vratimov. Power plant equippment is axial flow Kaplans turbine RA – 3,5 – 0 1000 with runner diametr 1000 mm. Low output is caused by draft tube. New draft tube is designed in this masters thesis. For hydraulic layout was used CFD software Fluent. The aim of this work is finding of optimal shape which leads to increasing of power from current 30 kW to projected 55 kW.
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Aplikace optimalizačních metod na problémy výroby elektřiny
Šumbera, Jiří ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jan (referee) ; Hančlová, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with application of optimisation methods based on linear and mixed-integer linear programming to various problems in the power sector related to electricity production. The thesis goal is to test the applicability of such methods to formulating and solving various instances from the class of real-world electricity production problems, and to find the advantages and disadvantages associated with using these methods. Introductory chapters describe the main characteristics of power markets, including the historical and regulatory context. Fundamental properties of power markets on both demand and supply side are also described, both from a real-world and a modelling point of view. Benefits of optimisation and modelling are discussed, in particular the solution feasibility and optimality as well as insights gained from sensitivity analysis which is often difficult to replicate with the original system. In the core of the thesis, optimisation techniques are applied to three case studies, each of which deals with a specific problem arising during electricity production. In the first problem, the profit of gas-fired power plant in Slovakia from selling power on the day-ahead market is maximised. The model is set up using both technical and commercial constraints. The second problem deals with the problem of representing a two-dimensional production function which primarily arises for a hydro generator with large variations in the level of its reservoir. Several representations of the original function using piecewise linear subsets are presented, compared, and characterised by their computational intensity both theoretically and practically. In the third problem, the prices on the German day-ahead market in 2011 are modelled. Contrary to the previous two models, the model does not capture an optimisation problem faced by a single producer, but incorporates a large subset of the whole market instead. Consequently the model is formed out of generic constraints relevant to all power plants whose parameters are estimated. By combining information about the aggregate availability of power plants with the estimated efficiencies a full supply curve for each day is created. Different scenarios are analysed to test the impact of uncertain inputs such as unknown or estimated constraints. The choice of the investigated problems stems from the attempt to cover electricity production problems from the point of view of multiple criteria. The three investigated electricity production problems span a broad range from the decisions of a single power plant to the modelling a power market as a whole. Formulations of the production function with different level of detail are presented ranging from a simple linear relationship to several bivariate function formulations. While each problem answers a specific question, they all illustrate the ease with which various electricity production problems can solved using optimisation methods based on linear and mixed-integer linear programming. This is mainly due to the ability of these methods to approximate even non-linear functions and constraints over non-convex domains and find global solutions in reasonable time. Moreover, models formulated with these methods allow sensitivity and scenario analyses to be carried out easily as is illustrated in each of the case studies.
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Comparison of Prague Stock Exchange and Warsaw Stock Exchange
Svobodová, Jindra ; Kříž, Radim (advisor) ; Hásová, Jiřina (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to analyze and compare the main characteristics of Prague Stock Exchange and Warsaw Stock Exchange. At first the attention is paid to the concept of "stock exchange" in the legal system of both countries. A short summary of the history of both exchanges is followed by a description of the organizational structure and comparison of the basic conditions of exchange membership. The individual market segments are analyzed as well as conditions for admission of financial instruments to those segments. The thesis also outlines the essential characteristics of trading systems in Prague and in Warsaw together with a list of basic types of trades. The final comparative analysis is devoted to the type and volume of financial instruments traded on both exchanges and settlement of those trades.
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Stock Market in the Czech Republic
Moša, Jan ; Dvořák, Jiří (advisor)
V bakalářské práci je popsán systém fungování Burzy cenných papírů Praha, a. s. Jsou v ní uvedeny způsoby obchodování na BCPP, a to zejména z hlediska jednotlivých typů obchodů. Zabývá se možnostmi analyzování vývoje akciových kurzů. Porovnává jednotlivé druhy obchodů se zohledněním jednorázové investované částky. Srovnává volatilitu kurzů z hlediska segmentů SPAD a KOBOS u několika vybraných akciových společností.
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