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Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations
Votýpka, Jan ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations Abstract Colluvial soils are formed in areas with increased intensity of soil erosion. Colluvial soils originate as a result of their position in terrain, they are usually found in places where has accumulated erosion material. Very often they are to be found at the around of slopes. Their accumulation horizon is deeper than 25 cm with a great amount of organic carbon buried in it. In my diploma thesis I will attempt to take a closer look at three locations, each having different types of dominant soils. The aim of this diploma thesis is to rebuild the original shape of the terrain before the beginning of the soil erosion process. Keywords: colluvial soil, soil erosion, soil accumulation, land use, digital terrain model (DTM)
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Farmers perception of anti-erosion practices on arable land
Tyslová, Radka ; Braun Kohlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Pražan, Jaroslav (referee)
(in english): Modern agriculture faces soil erosion as one of its problems in the Czech Republic. Soil conservation practices are implemented to prevent erosion. This thesis reports on perception of the soil conservation practices by farmers themselves. Hypothesis of the research is based on declaration of organic farming in the Czech Republic: to specifically protect natural sources. Main research question is: Is there a difference in perception of soil conservation practices between certified organic farmers and farmers using conventional methods? As a concept to examine perception, this thesis uses the theory of planned behavior developed by Icek Ajzen. Results show that farmers' attitudes towards soil conservation practices in general are negative. Their attitudes can be explained by intermingling beliefs about erosion, the agriculture subsidy system and own soil quality. Specific practices are evaluated by other than anti-erosion effects. The farmers do not perceive social pressure from their peers to adopt soil conservation practices and their perceived control over adoption of a practice is low. Evaluating the level of difficulty of specific practices, smaller farmers feel substantial difficulties regarding financial issues. The results do not indicate a difference in perception of soil...
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Set of arrangements in Javornický stream floodplain for Rosnička pond water quality improvement
Špaček, Ondřej ; Hubačíková,, Věra (referee) ; Hyánková, Eva (advisor)
This thesis deals with the projection of water management and erosion control measures in the Javornický stream floodplain to improve water quality in the Rosnička pond near the town of Svitavy. In the teoretical part, the author summarized current practices in the areas of small river restorations and protection against soil erosion in the Czech Republic. In the practical part, the analasis of the area was first made, including the analysis of natural conditions, hydroecological monitoring of watercourses according to the HEM 2014 method and quantification of soil loss conditions according to the USLE method. Then, revitalization measures on the Javornický stream were designed to improve the self-purification of water and the restoration of ground water in the floodplain, as well as two variants of erosion control measures on agricultural areas to reduce the input of sediments into the hydrographic network. Finally, conceptual and technical recommendations for the implementation of these measures were formulated, as a basis for planning and decision-making of the political leadership of the town of Svitavy.
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Legal aspects of water retention in the landscape
Houžvičková, Markéta ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
Legal aspects of water retention in the landscape Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the legal aspects of water retention in the landscape in response to the current problems associated with impaired landscape retention capacity such as drought, erosion or floods. The author first outlines the factual and legal context of the issue, which is followed by an analysis of conceptual, administrative-legal and economic instruments of the Czech legal order that can improve water retention capabilities of the landscape. The diploma thesis analyses the relevant instruments of the Water Act, Forest Act, Act on the protection of agricultural land or Act on protection of nature and landscape. Consequently, it deals with the role of land-use planning, land consolidation and environmental impact assessment for the issue. The thesis includes comprehensive evaluation of the relevant legal regulation in terms of its effectiveness and possible proposals de lege ferenda.
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Studie a posouzení protierozních opatření v katastrálním území Záborná
BŮŽKOVÁ, Jana
The diploma thesis deals with an assessment of cadastral territory, which is going through a complex land consolidation. For these purposes, the cadastral area Záborná, that is located in the Vysočina Region, was selected. The main objective of this work is to compare the current state of the territory, in terms of erosion, with the area where the erosion control measures were proposed. Erosion will be calculated using by Wischmeier-Smith's universal soil loss equation. In this cadastral area, it will be necessary to assess in terms of climate, geology and hydrology.
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The soil erosion and maize growing in Czech Republic
KOMÍN, Jiří
The thesis was conducted balance the possibility of growing corn while fighting water and wind erosion. The results of the study of theoretical possibilities and practical impact for producers, particularly economic drilling can be recommended mainly erosion belts and mulch sowing maize. Both of these methods are effective, but it is necessary to supplement the correct procedure when setting up the stand of corn. The rule for stand establishment corn on the slopes of these three principles: corn crops sown along the contour, after sowing fundamentally dont roll and sown corn prefer deeper, at least 5cm. At sufficiently deep soil preparation (about 10 cm) gave, after sowing of maize plot different heights furrow which slow surface runoff of water and promote a better infiltration. At the same time, thanks to its larger surface ensures faster warming of the soil and thus faster germination of corn crops. As soil protection technology with significant erosion control effects can be recommended depending on specific soils shallow tillage with simultaneous defray organic matter to the soil followed by planting, sowing no- drill with disc coulters directly into the raw soil after the previous crop, or sowing / planting mulch crops or forecrop. Another option is sowing the main crop with undercrop in between rows (maize undercrop winter rye), or tape sowing untreated soil. Such as erosion control technology is also certified by the reduction of row spacing in corn.
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Protierozní opatření jako prvek ekologické stability krajiny
BAŤHOVÁ, Lucie
The topic of this thesis are erosion control measures as a device of ecological stability (of the landscape). As a region of interest the basin near Velký Ratmírov village, which lies in South Bohemian Regions in Jindřichův Hradec district, was chosen. For the calculations of soil loss values, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) developed by Wischmeier and Smith was used. For estates with above the threshold values of soil loss, the preventive anti-erosion measures as a crop rotation and diking (dyking) were suggested.
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Farmers perception of anti-erosion practices on arable land
Tyslová, Radka ; Braun Kohlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Pražan, Jaroslav (referee)
(in english): Modern agriculture faces soil erosion as one of its problems in the Czech Republic. Soil conservation practices are implemented to prevent erosion. This thesis reports on perception of the soil conservation practices by farmers themselves. Hypothesis of the research is based on declaration of organic farming in the Czech Republic: to specifically protect natural sources. Main research question is: Is there a difference in perception of soil conservation practices between certified organic farmers and farmers using conventional methods? As a concept to examine perception, this thesis uses the theory of planned behavior developed by Icek Ajzen. Results show that farmers' attitudes towards soil conservation practices in general are negative. Their attitudes can be explained by intermingling beliefs about erosion, the agriculture subsidy system and own soil quality. Specific practices are evaluated by other than anti-erosion effects. The farmers do not perceive social pressure from their peers to adopt soil conservation practices and their perceived control over adoption of a practice is low. Evaluating the level of difficulty of specific practices, smaller farmers feel substantial difficulties regarding financial issues. The results do not indicate a difference in perception of soil...
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Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations
Votýpka, Jan ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations Abstract Colluvial soils are formed in areas with increased intensity of soil erosion. Colluvial soils originate as a result of their position in terrain, they are usually found in places where has accumulated erosion material. Very often they are to be found at the around of slopes. Their accumulation horizon is deeper than 25 cm with a great amount of organic carbon buried in it. In my diploma thesis I will attempt to take a closer look at three locations, each having different types of dominant soils. The aim of this diploma thesis is to rebuild the original shape of the terrain before the beginning of the soil erosion process. Keywords: colluvial soil, soil erosion, soil accumulation, land use, digital terrain model (DTM)
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