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A patient after a diagnostic application of radiopharmaceuticals as a source of radiation - mutual radiation strain of the personnel and patients
MARKOVÁ, Iveta
ABSTRACT A patient after a diagnostic application of radiopharmaceuticals as a source of radiation - mutual radiation strain of the personnel and patients My work focuses on the radiation protection on account of the potential influence of ionizing radiation with its negative effects on a human organism. In my work I concentrated on observing the obtained personal equivalent doses of the ionizing radiation in the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. I also focused on the measurement and assessment of the dose rate obtained by the employees of the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. from treated patients with regard to the distance and type of the applied radiopharmaceutical. The methods chosen for the actual measuring, gathering, recording and assessment of the data are described in a great detail and presented in the methodology of my work. The data obtained from the personal TL dosimeters is registered and filed in the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. on a long term basis. Therefore it enabled me to analyze the equivalent dose of four nurses during the last five years. The results were compared with the figures determined in the regulation 307/2002 of the Code, as amended by regulation 499/2005 of the Code. The results are then clearly presented in tables and graphs. The collected data has confirmed that the values of equivalent doses obtained from the personal TL dosimeters of four nurses working in the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. do not exceed figures determined by the regulation 307/2002 of the Code, as amended by regulation 499/2005 of the Code. The measured dose rates decrease with the distance and are proportional to the activity and type of radiopharmaceutical.
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The informed consent of a patient
Jurošková, Martina ; Sovová, Olga (advisor) ; Císařová, Dagmar (referee)
The informed Consent of a Patient Informed consent from the patient is one of the most interesting institutes of the medical law. Today it belongs to the basic principles of the medical law, but its development was rather complicated. Initially, this may date to the late 18th century, when the requirements governing the relationship of doctor and patient appear. Over time, the courts handle issues concerning informed consents or patients' non-acceptance. Until the middle of 20th century, almost the whole Europe discovers paternalistic understanding of the relationship doctor and patient. It is on such a concept, when a doctor determines the treatment and the patient is only a subject to the treatment. The doctor has a critical position and the patient must slave his decisions. Change in the concept came after the World War II. Doctor's and patient's relationship slowly begins to change and it becomes closer to a relationship of service providers and clients. In the Czech Republic, a mix of both can be found. Great importance to the informed consent has the adoption of Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine) concluded in Oviedo on 4.April 19971 st The institute of...
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Study of Medicinal Products Prepared in Pharmacies
Charvátová, Ivana ; Kotlářová, Jana (advisor) ; Solich, Jan (referee)
STUDY OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS PREPARED IN PHARMACIES Author: Charvátová I., Hospital Pharmacy, St. Ann's University Hospital in Brno Tutor: Kotlářová L., Dept. of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Introduction: The aim this study was to analyze the current preparation of medicinal products in pharmacies. Aim of study: The principal aim was to analyze a file according to the following aspects: the frequency of occurrence of MP during the year, the complexity of MP, the composition of MP, incidence of proprietary medicines, kind of preparation, dosage form, quantity of MP and specialization of prescribing physician. Another objective was to find relations between the dosage form and others above mentioned aspects. Methods: I carried out the research in a Pharmacy Vltavínská from 1. 9. 2002 till 31. 8. 2003. I gathered data at intervals of a month. I focused on prescribtion drugs. I monitorid the composition in most occurring MPs, other aspects in the whole file. I analyzed monitored criteria for two views - with regard to individual formulas and to all of MPs where the formulas could be repeated. I described ocular, vaginal and rectal medicines separately. I analyzed the electronic database using contingency tables. Results:...
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Phytopharmaceuticals Used in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tract
Zemanová, Eva ; Dušek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate Mgr. Eva Zemanová Consultant Doc. RNDr. Jaroslav Dušek, CSc. Title of Thesis Phytopharmaceuticals used in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract This work aimed to critically evaluate the selected tea and proprietary products, which are used to treat gastrointestinal disease. In this work we evaluated three groups of tea and selected proprietary products, which are dividend into three groups as follows : Medicines used as laxatives, antidiarrhoeal drugs and a third group was focused on the treatment of digestive disorders (flatulence, anorexia). We also evaluated and compared pharmacopoeia, non pharmacopoeia tea blends and selected Proprietary Medicinal Products. We examinated the percentage of individual herbal drugs in tea mixtures and the representation of pharmacopoeia and non pharmacopoeia drugs.
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The use of technical means to assess the impact of rehabilitation for upper limb movement
Svozílková, Pavlína ; Hána, Karel (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Jaroslav (referee)
The goal of this thesis was determine whether we can to use an inertial system for measuring the activity of the upper limb signs of paresis in the rehabilitation of people after brain damage with a diverse range of upper limbs functional damage, and demonstrating the expected increase in this activity. One way to obtain objective information about the activity of the upper limb signs of paresis is the use of inertial systems. 21 people who went to therapy on the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague were measured. Each of them suffered brain damage more than a year ago and also had impaired upper limb mobility. The behavior of the upper limb signs of paresis were evaluated from data obtained by inertial system and by Jebsen-Taylor test. Inertial units were located on the left and right wrist and left side at the waist. An inertial system measurement was carry out at home about 12 hours a day for 4 weeks, when the persons responsible for training specified exercises. Jebsen-Taylor test was conducted at the beginning of the study, as the initial measurement, and after 4 weeks, as the output measurement. The obtained data were statistically evaluated by Wilcoxon paired test. By comparing the average...
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Therapeutic Elements of a Homeopathic Interview
Plánská, Kateřina ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of therapeutic elements of a homeopathic interview. First, key differences between classic medicine and homeopathy are discussed. Some of the fundamental elements in a homeopathic interview follow, concluding with more in depth examination of themes in homeopathic interviews, their principles and conduct. Finally, Roger's therapy is closely analyzed with emphasis on psychotherapeutic interviews. The last part of my thesis is devoted to the practical work on the recordings of homeopathic interviews and their analyses. In this section I am revealing the therapeutic aspects hidden inside of each individual interview. I am approaching this process firstly from the point of view of the general principles, which are characteristic for the both standpoints mentioned above (homeopathic and psychotherapeutic), and then I am selecting the concrete examples to evaluate and interpret the constituent therapeutic elements. The aim of this work is to examine and discover aforementioned therapeutic aspects of homeopathy, as well as describe therapeutic influences on homeopathic interviews.
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Immunomodulators
Horká, Zuzana ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Nachtigal, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxikology Candidate: Zuzana Horká Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. František Štaud, Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Immunomodulators The master thesis focuses on modern approaches in the immunomodulatory therapy. The immune system is together with the nervous and endocrine system one of the basic regulating mechanisms of the human body. The main function of the immune system is to maintain its integrity. The disturbances of the immune reactions can lead to the development of various pathologies or diseases. In these cases a therapeutic effect on the immune system with appropriate drugs - immunomodulators is appropriate. These medicaments are capable of inhibiting or stimulating the immune reaction. Immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy is used to treat allergic and autoimmune diseases and in transplantation medicine. Immunosuppressants are a very large group of substances. They differ from each other by their chemical structure and mechanism of its action. Within the frame of immunosuppressives this work elaborates in detail the calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, fingolimod and the theme of monoclonal antibodies. The stimulation of the immune system through appropriate immunomodulator finds its application...
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A frequency of a purchase of herbal medicines in selected regiones. Pharmacobotanical and phytopharmacological study.
Vyšinská, Ľubomíra ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Kotlářová, Jana (referee)
VYŠINSKÁ, Ľ.: A frequency of a purchase of herbal medicine in selected regions. Pharmacobotanical and phytopharmacological study. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology. Hradec Králové, 2011, 89 p. Keywords: phytopharmaceuticals, parapharmaceuticals, herbal drugs, phytomedicines, questionary survey Background: To examine the most frequently used herbal products in Žilina region and to identify factors associated with herbal therapy usage (age, gender of patients), as well as the situations when the phytopharmaceuticals are added to therapy (basic/add on therapy, therapeutical indications etc.). Thesis also tried to resolve the relationship of pharmacists and doctors to the herbal medicine and it dealt with the issue of information resources concerning phytotherapy, trends in this area and perception of the risks of the therapy among professionals. Methods: A questionnaire was used to find out the data. Respondents were pharmacist, always one person per pharmacy from a village in Žilina region. Results: Totally, 101 questionnaires were collected from 28 villages in Žilina region. From the evaluation of respondent's answers is clear that the most frequently sold phytopharmaceutical is a product from...
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Phosphene induction and motor cortex excitability : neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Čiháčková, Kateřina ; Horáček, Jiří (advisor)
The topic of his thesis quality of life of patients with hepatitis C , I opted for very interesting perspective on quality of life as such, its evaluation methods , not only in relation to medicine , but also in relation to other social sciences. To estimate the quality of life of patients afflicted with Hepatitis C , I decided , therefore , that the hepatitis C virus is spread across world and affects approximately 180 million people. It is the most common form causes chronic hepatitis presenting with modest and non-specific symptoms that this virus to make a clinical diagnosis difficult. Infection can take decades without the patient realizing her presence. Another aggravating factor is protracted antiviral therapy, which exposes the patient to potential side effects. In addition , 50% of the total effectiveness of the treatment is still under expectations. All of these factors lead me therefore to think how this course disease and its treatment can affect or change the quality of life of affected
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HIV awareness and Sexual Behaviour
Zellerová, Kateřina ; Košťálová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Salavec, Miloslav (referee) ; Prchalová, Eva (referee)
Anotation Author: Kateřina Zellerová Institution: Institute of Social Medicine Facultty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Department of nursing Title of a work: HIV awareness and sexual behaviour Supervisor over the work: Jaroslava Košťálová Number of pages: 92 Number of enclosures: 3 The year of advocacy: 2008 The key words: AIDS, HIV, sexual behaviour, prevention, education This bachleor paper deals with actual subject matter HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour. It focuses on HIV/AIDS basic info, such as brief history of these ailments, virus transmission, disease process and the treatment. It also mentions the prevention of HIV transmission and numbers of HIV reactors abroad as well as within the Czech Republic. It makes references to the role of nursing in prevention and education , to sexual behaviour, its development and risk behaviour in the sexual spere. The experimental part of this bachlaor paper is created by interrorgatory of youth. The pupils of elementary scholl, students of Nursing College and Grammar School were involved in the investigated sample. The research work gathers knowledge of informants in the spere of HIV/AIDS, their experience and opinions of these topics. The research results were partially compared with results of research performed in 2005 in the frame of bachleor paper themed...
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