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Recognizance of a debt
Samek, Michal ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Recognizance of a debt The thesis aims to provide overview of judicial and doctrinal solutions of particular issues regarding the recognizance of a debt (as governed by the Czech Commercial Code) and to discuss to what extent the generally accepted solutions could stand up once the Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code (hereinafter referred to as the "New Civil Code") becomes effective. Following the general introduction the recognizance of a debt is described together with similar legal instruments. Then the thesis focuses on particular issues associated with the instrument of recognizance of a debt, such as methods of identification of the debt being recognized, relationship between recognizance of a debt and set-off, ways of explicit and implicit recognizance of a debt etc. The thesis emphasizes the judicial solutions of these issues and the respective doctrinal scrutiny. The commercial law regulation (as governed by the Act No. 513/1991 Coll., the Commercial Code) is of the main importance. If appropriate, the civil law regulation (as governed by the Act No. 40/1964 Coll., the Civil Code) is used. As the New Civil Code repeals these laws, the thesis looks into the future and attempts to evaluate to what extent the recent conclusions of practice and theory will be applicable. The thesis also...
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Evaluative Language in Electronic Product Reviews
Polášek, Radek ; Mihai, Hana (referee) ; Reich, Pavel (advisor)
Tato práce bude zaměřena na ohodnocení jazyka v recenzích mobilních telefonů. K tomuto účelu bude použita recenze Apple iPhone 7. Apple má širokou nabídku produktů, jmenujme počítače, tablety, hodinky nebo mp3 přehrávače. Mobilní telefony jsou ale jedním z nejpopulárnějších produktů. Z tohoto důvodu, jsou recenze mobilních telefonů perfektním zdrojem pro tuto tezi. Účel této práce je analyzovat a demonstrovat prostředky ohodnocení jazyka v reklamní mluvě a odhalení strategií a jazykových prostředků použitých k ovlivnění čtenáře, při apelování na city, morálku a estetiku chápání. Předpokládám, že recenze jsou zaujaté díky použité formě jazyka, která může obsahovat osobní názory autora nebo metody manupulace se čtenářem. Tyto metody mohou být použity při stylizaci textu, mohou apelovat na emoce nebo sociální zázemí čtenáře nebo mohuu být použity při rozhodování o tom zda a jaké informace v recenzi poskytnout. Tato teze ověří, zda je tato hypotéza platná.
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The recognition and enforcement of judicial decisions within the European Union
Koláčná, Michaela ; Brodec, Jan (advisor) ; Dobiáš, Petr (referee)
and keywords The recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are basic requirements for development of international trade and other international cooperation. The purpose of my thesis called "The recognition and enforcement of judicial decisions within the European Union" is to compare two laws of EU Private International Law, which deal with this question - the Brussels I Regulation and the European Enforcement Order Regulation, as well as evaluate application of these Regulations by the Court of Justice of the European Union (European Court of Justice) and by national courts of two of member states of European Union - the Czech Republic and the Kingdom of Spain. The basic instruments for this research are description, analysis and comparison. The thesis is composed of six chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of recognition and enforcement of judicial decisions. Introductory chapter defines basic scope of this thesis. Chapter Two explicates basic theoretical issues and context of the recognition and enforcement in Czech Republic - Czech legislation, international Treaties and European legislation. Chapter Three is focused on recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments according to the Brussels I Regulation, which is a basic European law for the issues of recognition and...
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Multiculturalism and intercultural recognition in Czech context
Kňapová, Kateřina ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Šamánek, Jan (referee)
The work describes and interprets the thematization of the politics od recognition in the context of Czech academic debate. The particular subject of discussion is the concept of intercultural dialogue that develops some authors gathered around the Centre of Global Studies of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Intercultural dialogue is a concept that puts emphasis on creation of new communication levels at meetings of various cultural groups. This concept and the way how is it used in the Czech context is influenced by pre-understanding arising from the nature of Czech society and its relation to cultural minorities. The emphasis on assimilation of these groups and the apparent confirmation of cultural homogeneity of Czech society, which is reflected in the perception of these groups. Thematization of intercultural dialogue in the Czech debate may be a critical response to the relationship of the majority and minorities. Interpretation of intercultural dialogue precedes an explanation of key concepts - recognition and acknowledgment in the multiculturalist politics context. This explanation works mainly with the concepts of recognition by Charles Taylor, and Nancy Fraser.
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The recognition of Croatian and Slovenian independence by the Federal Republic of Germany
Vedral, Martin ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with German foreign policy towards Yugoslavia in the second half of 1991, with focus on recognition of Croatian and Slovenian independence. It describes its gradual development from declaring independent states by the secessionist republics in June 1991 to complete recognition of these countries by the European Community in January 1992. It tries to answer the question why Germany changed her attitude when she first supported preserving united Yugoslavian state and tries to coordinate her steps with other EC-members, but in the end, she recognised the independence of Croatia and Slovenia unilaterally three weeks sooner that the rest of EC. The thesis contains chronological description of events in the chosen time period - steps of German diplomacy or EC and events in Yugoslavia which are crucial for understanding the context. In the last part, it analyses the aspects influencing German foreign politics.
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Respect for patient autonomy and intimacy as basic components of human dignity.
PETROVICOVÁ, Eva
Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, the attention is focused mainly on the physical aspect of a person and human dignity is less emphasized. The medical professionals should treat the patients with respect, dignity and understanding. This work points at the issues of maintaining patient autonomy and intimacy as the basic components of the preservation of human dignity. For the purposes of the thesis, the aim was to find to what extent the nurses find it possible to preserve patient autonomy, intimacy and the promotion of human dignity in the hospital environment. The thesis was handled by the qualitative research method with the use of interviews with the nurses and the patients of Department of Surgery and Department of Aftercare. The research file consisted of 10 general nurses, included 5 nurses from the Department of Surgery and 5 nurses from the Department of Aftercare. The research also addressed 10 patients from the Department of Surgery and 10 patients from the Department of Aftercare. Data collection was based on interview with prepared questions. The interviews which allowed the research to collect valuable information were recorded in two ways; either with the help of a voice recorder, or by a written record. Then the data processing itself occurred which consisted of a literal transcript of the information. The important data were emphasized and highlighted using the method called "a pencil and paper." By means of marking of individual words we used the method of "encoding" where the information has been grouped and which subsequently resulted in concepts as autonomy, intimacy and human dignity. The accomplished research brought different views of the nurses on the possibility of preserving the autonomy of the patients. The Department of Surgery offers more autonomy of the patients than those from the Department of Aftercare where patient autonomy is not sustained. The majority of patients (the Department of Surgery, the Department of Aftercare) is at least aware of the possibility to decide on their own, even under the circumstances where all the initiative is, as a result, conveyed by the doctors. Another concept that expressed our interest was the dignified care. Nurses show respect to patients through a humane approach, including information, interest, a quiet environment and a smile. This behaviour was also confirmed by the patients who mentioned only positive experience with the conservation and the promoting of their dignity. Many patients reported that this care is provided at the place where they are hospitalized. Unfortunately, according to the nurses, in some cases the lack of possibility to support patient dignity is caused by insufficient number of the staff, insufficient time and inappropriate facilities. The nurses are trying to maintain a professional approach which is based on decent behaviour focused on respect for human dignity. As the last concept, we present intimacy and privacy. The nurses evaluate the preservation of intimacy as possible and at the same time as an important aspect of the dignified care. Most often intimacy is maintained by means of roller blinds, doors and shutters. However, it is the number of people in the room that both the nurses and the patients see as a chief problem. The patients continue to highlight the efforts and the emphasis that the nurses put to maintain intimacy and privacy. According to the accomplished researched, it was found that the current nursing care may fulfil the rights for human dignity at an average level. The results of the current and potential further research could be available to the management of the hospital care to provide the employers with the information as a means for the identification and elimination of the identified barriers. This would increase the level of quality provided by nursing care and awareness of the fact that a person with all his/her needs remains the focus of our attention.
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Motivation of nonprofit workers
Lorencová, Ivana ; Vávrová, Hana (advisor) ; Boukal, Petr (referee)
The role of the nonprofit sector in the Czech Republic has gained in importance during the last decades. The number of nonprofit organizations and employment in the third sector is growing. On the other hand, directors of nonprofit organizations have to face problems with high fluctuation of their staff. I assumed that motivation of nonprofit employees is different from employees working in for profit sector. The aim of the thesis is to analyze influences of the nonprofit sector's characteristics on the motivation of nonprofit workers in the social field in the Czech Republic. The main contribution of my research is that results and recommendations of my work should help directors of nonprofits retain experienced employees. It was confirmed in my research that satisfaction with pay does not have an influence on the intention of nonprofit workers to leave their organization. In accordance with a theoretical approach, a mission of the nonprofit organization has a key role in the motivation to work in the nonprofit sector. Surprisingly, the most important factor for decision to stay with the organization is feeling of appreciation. Recognition of work performance from supervisors and colleagues even override the dissatisfaction with pay. There are several low-cost strategies to reward employees such as regular verbal recognition for best employees, or vouchers for cultural and sport activities, wellness, and other nonmonetary benefits. It was proved that family friendly policies are strongly valued by nonprofit workers as well.
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The analysis of different position of the Slovak and the Czech Republic on the question of recognition of independent Kosovo
Zaťko, Miloš ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Cibulková, Petra (referee)
The Kosovo declaration of independence produced the opposite reactions over the world. The majority of western states (like the USA and the European countries) recognized the independent Kosovo. The first chapter deals just with the reaction of international community to the declaration of independence, especially the European Union. The EU is divided into two groups. The second chapter describes the resoponse of the Slovak and the Czech Republic to the independent Kosovo. The question is, why these two countries that have so much in common (e.g. the common existence in the Czechoslovakia) took the different position. The aim of this study is to uncover the reasons that could explain the different position. The last chapter concerns with the analysis and the appraisal of possible reasons of opposite reaction and their mutual comparison.
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The Status of Selected Territories with Disputed International Legal Personality
Brouková, Jana ; Kochan, Jan (advisor) ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis is dealing with the status of territories with disputed international legal personality. It aims to summarise the arguments of both supporters and opponents of independence recognition. To achieve the aim it was necessary to set up the theoretical background and analyse particular territories. The theoretical part analyses the question of international legal personality, sovereignty of states, recognition of state and concept of right to self-determination. For the purpose of this thesis, I have chosen five territories: Abkhazia, Kosovo, Northern Cyprus, Somaliland and Western Sahara.
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European Area of Justice - Brusses I Regulation
Patočka, Radim ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Kotoučová, Jiřina (referee)
The scope of this thesis is regulation (EC)No. 44/2001 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgements in civil and commercial matters. The provisions of Regulation is aiming the improvement and simplification of the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgements within the territory of the EU. According to the title of regulation this tesis is diveded in several parts explaining the key elements of developing the other maxime of the EU-free movement of judgements. First part includes the general fundamentals for determination of jurisdiction in cases with transborder element which is essential for aplication of this regulation as a part of legislation on international private law. Thanks to the nearly identical wording of Brussels I Regulation and Convention dealing with the same matter from the year 1968, all legal opinions of European Court of Justice related to that Convention can be invoked nowdays. Second part and third part turn to recognition and enforcement of foreign judgements in order to ensure the situation when "the declaration that a judgement is enforceable should be issued virtually automatically after purely formal checks of the documents supplied, without there being any possibility for the court to raise of its own motion on any of the ground for non-enforcement provided by this Regulation". The last part contents future trend in this sphere which can be seen from application of other regulation (European enforcement order, European order for payment procedure)giving rise to rapid and simple mechanism in specific cases. Especially it treats of cancellation special exequator proceeding which should be undertaken to achieve that foreign judgement would be enforceable.
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