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Repeatability of behavioural measures of personality
Žampachová, Barbora ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Adamová, Dana (referee)
Personality is a concept enabling us to describe the systematical individual differences in behavior. It includes many behaviors, like exploration, activity, aggression, reaction to new stimuli, or sociability. The individuals differing in their exploration strategy are called fast and slow explorers, those differing in the level of aggression and the reaction to stress are called proactive and reactive individuals. If a certain group of behaviors appears together, we talk about behavioral syndromes. There are many definitions of personality, but most of them share a demand for time consistency. Repeatability is one of the tools for measuring this consistency. It's a correlation among repeated measures of the same individual. It is counted either as Spearman's or Pearson's correlation, or as an intraclass correlation coefficient, using variance components acquired from ANOVA, GLMM, or LMM. My original assumption was that the most repeatable behaviors are the ones demanding an immediate answer to the current situation. I executed a meta-analysis of the repeatability of behavior to test this hypothesis. I found the highest repeatability in aggression and the lowest in exploration. Other important factors were the identity of the source study, number of repeats, number of tested animals, and the method of...
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Behavioral expression of pain in rats
Zámečník, Jakub ; Vaculín, Šimon (advisor) ; Boukalová, Štěpána (referee)
The aim of this work is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the behavioral expressions of pain in rat. The work is focused on rats, because they are one of the most used laboratory animals, and may experience pain in some experiments. Behavioral expressions of pain were selected, because they are quite easily recognizable and measurable. The reader will be first acquainted with the necessary basics associated with the phenomenon of pain, with its conception in animals, with classification, physiology and for example with the ways in which are in rats experimentally induced pain. Then in the second part, there are shown individual behavioral expressions with examples in which cases were these manifestations observed. So everyone who is interested can learn something about pain in connection with the avoidance reaction, pose, appearance, specific movements of rat, vocalization, changes in eating and drinking, changes in activity, anxiety, cognitive functions and many other expressions. The work can be valuable contribution for all workers with animals and with its character can contribute to animal welfare. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Observation in psychological diagnosis of anxiety disorders (approaches, options, limits and use)
Hourová, Barbora ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
This thesis deals with the observation as the primary method of psychology and its application in psychological diagnosis, specifically of anxiety disorders. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical one. In the theoretical part the observation is described as a primary method of psychology, its use and its role in psychodiagnostics is also described there, as well as its use in anxiety disorders diagnostics. In this section types of anxiety disorders are also being discussed, as well as the symptoms of anxiety disorders, which can be observed by an extrospection and introspection. Classification and the factors contributing to the development of anxiety disorders also makes one part of thesis. In the practical part of the thesis is proposed observation focused on symptoms of anxiety disorders, through which it would be possible to determine the type and degree of anxiety disorder. Research proposal works with both introspection and extrospection that were discussed in the theoretical part of the thesis.
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Smoking among clients seeking treatment for depression or neurotic disorders.
Křepelková, Eliška ; Reichelová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nevoralová, Monika (referee)
In my work I deal with smoking among clients seeking treatment for depression or neurotic disorders. The aim of my work is to examine the relationship between depression, anxiety and addiction to nicotine.The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey among clients of day care centres and psychiatric department. Overall, participated in the research was 32 respondents, including 20 women and 12 men. The average age of respondents was 39 years. 22 respondents completing the questionnaire identified yourself as regular smokers, 2 as occasional, 3 as ex-smokers and 5 respondents as nonsmokers. The research was conducted from December 2012 to April 2013. I found that respondents smoke as well, if they feel mentally well. If they are mentally ill, smoke more. During hospitalization or visits to day care centres smoke as much or more. Depressed and anxious thoughts of the respondents almost always leads to a light taste. The relationship between smoking and depression I was able to prove only in the group of smokers.
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Unamuno's religion (in reference to the Tragic sense of life and Saint Manuel Good, martyr)
Kotuľáková, Lívia ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Kazmar, Vít (referee)
(in English): Religion has an important role in the work of Miguel de Unamuno. This bachelor thesis deals with Unamuno's understanding of religion, mainly in works The Tragic Sense of Life in Men and Nations and in Saint Emmanuel the Good, Martyr. In thesis is present description of theoretical conception of Unamuno's religion, which is based on terms as inmortality of human soul, struggle between reason and faith and faith creating God as it's object. In my work is also mentioned a conception of religion in Unamuno's narrative work, Saint Emmanuel the Good, which is compared to theoretical ideas contained in The Tragic Sense of Life. The religion is pointed up as a connecting element between Unamuno's theoretical (or essayist) work and his narrative work. Emphasis is placed also on an importance of author's personal experience with religion. In thesis is also included a brief description of thinking of few philosophers and thinkers, which influenced on Unamuno or they had similar religious opinions as he did. In thesis is pointed up either parallelism or difference between opinions of Unamuno and these thinkers. There is a little space dedicated to The First Vatican Council, which introduced into catholic doctrine several important doctrines, which were critized by Unamuno.
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Social phobia - autobiographical research
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Sabina
The theme of the bachelor's thesis is Social phobia. The objective of this work is to explore the social phobia and its aspects. The theoretical part knowledge on social phobia from the literature is summarised. The practical part of the work deals with the qualitative research data obtained from the addressed people. The data was collected by using Internet communication for better comfort of the respondents. In addition, the respondents filled in the questionnaire, they also wrote personal diary which served to a better understanding of their daily lives. This makes it possible to identify, not only to the initial problems but also the influences that cause their anxiety and the methods of coping with it.
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Signals of anxiety in drawings of primary school children
ČERNÁ, Adéla
This bachelor thesis deals with the extent of using drawing techniques as indicative screening method for detecting increased level of anxiety and anxiousness of primary school children. The basic terminology such as anxiousness, anxiety and fear are defined in the theoretical part. The thesis focuses on the issue of anxiety and anxiousness of children attending primary schools as well as on using children's drawings as a diagnostic tool with an orientation on human body drawing. Signs of anxiety are described from different point of view of several authors in the last chapter. These signs will be further examined in the practical part. A scale for measuring degree of anxiety and anxiousness was used in the practical part. This scale served as a tool for dividing respondents into three groups. The aim of the survey was to find out the differences in human body drawing tests among respondents of different degrees of anxiety. The groups were compared in these human body drawing tests according to specific defined signs of anxiety. The results of the thesis could support measurability of anxiety signs and usage of drawing techniques in the area of children psychodiagnosis.
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Modes of Transcendence of the Poet's Existence: Towards a Hermeneutic Interpretation (Mácha, Březina, Zahradníček)
Vrbková, Julie Lien ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
The study Modes of Transcendence of the Poet's Existence: Towards a Hermeneutic Interpretation (Mácha, Březina, Zahradníček) follows the aim: interpretation of the distinctive form of existence in the medium of poetic words of the chosen poets (K. H. Mácha, O. Březina, J. Zahradníček) in the continuity of modern hermeneutic conceptions of poem's language (M. Heidegger, H. G. Gadamer, et al.) and of the philosophy of Romano Guardini and Søren Kierkegaard (especially in the interpretation of Zahradníček's poems). The first chapter deals with poet's existence as "different existence" from the point of view of his unique individual existence who transcends himself in the process of artistic creation. The second chapter copes with the effect of existential anxiety on poet's existence on the basis of Březina's essay Work of death and Heidegger's work Being and Time. The third chapter is dedicated to specific mode of poet's existence, melancholia, which is experienced in consequences of the threat of his existence. This modus of poet's existence is interpreted in the medium of poet's words in bases of Kierkegaard's notes, diaries and Guardini's studies. The final chapter of this study reflects the development of Zahradníček's early work's from the point of view of Kierkegaard's three modes of life. Lyric...
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The significance of psychosomatic relations in cervical and orofacial region in anxious pacients for physiotherapy
Janouchová, Ivana ; Stackeová, Daniela (advisor) ; Jalovcová, Miroslava (referee)
Title of diploma thesis: The Significance of Psychosomatic Relations in Cervical and Orofacial Region in Anxious Patients for Physiotherapy Objectives: To study available literature concerning relations between anxiety and pain in cervical and orofacial region and to find out a mechanism and cause of this pain. Then suggesting a suitable methods of physiotherapy for anxious patients suffering from pain in cervical and orofacial region. Methods: The diploma thesis is written in a theoretical form on a basis of review of a relevant and available literature. Results: Anxiety has a connection with pain in a cervical and orofacial region, but it's difficult to find out a specific mechanism of a development of these pain. It's advisable to use methods aimed at improvement of a body awareness, realization of connection between experience of anxiety and somatic symptoms, practice of a different methods of kineziotherapy, relaxation techniques, breathing exercises and some local methods of physiotherapy in the therapy of anxious patients. Key worlds: anxiety, physiotherapy, neck muscles, temporomandibular disorder, psychosomatics, stress
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The Help to children with emotional defects in a process of education
Glajchová, Petra ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Daniela (referee)
This diploma thesis, which has a descriptive and analytical feature, comprises a determination of emotional disorders with their various manifestations and symptoms. I also described social consequences of a neurotic child because they are neurotic children's crucial factor having significant consequences in the process of education. I also analysed the omitted topic of emotional intelligence, which has been studied in the field of science recently. The crucial part of the diploma thesis includes the analysis of a neurotic child motivation within the process of education and the adequate pedagogical and educational attitudes which involve specific treatments. Regarding the basic part of child's emotional life consists of upbringing within a particular family, it precedes not only the period of school education but also it forms its core and is a natural continuance of the prenatal period. The end of the diploma thesis comprises a description and analysis of a large variety of therapeutic options and alternative ways of treating emotional disorders. Nowadays it is possible to treat emotional disorders effectively even without a pharmacological therapy and their correction can be rather permanent. CRUCIAL VOCABULARY: emotional disorders/defects anxiety tension self-concept family upbringing family...
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