|
The histological estimation of the age-at-death of an individual from the burned and unburned compact bone of the human rib.
Absolonová, Karolína ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Němečková, Alena (referee) ; Masnicová, Soňa (referee)
The content of the presented dissertation work is the study of the histological structure of the burned and unburned compact bone of the human rib. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the differently high cremation temperatures on the structure of the bone tissue, and, on the basis of these findings, to design an applicable methodology for the estimation of the age-at-death of an unknown individual. As the research material the recent human ribs were used, belonging to the individuals of known age-at-death, sex and cause of death. The skeletal samples were experimentally burned under the beforehand set conditions. Every bone was divided into several pieces; one of them remained unburned, and the other were burned at the temperatures of 600, 700, 800 and 1000řC. From burned and unburned bone samples the undecalcified and unstained cross- sections were made, which were microscopically analysed under the magnification of 100×. The histological analysis was performed in the digital microphotographs using the SigmaScan Pro 5 image analysis programme. In each cross-section in total 28 variables were studied, and obtained histomorphometric data were statistically processed using the Statistica 6 programme. The result of the research is the description of the changes of histological structures caused by...
|
|
Numerické řešení inverzních integrálních rovnic matematického modelování ve výzkumu biopaliv
Bílková, Zuzana ; Hnětynková, Iveta (advisor) ; Kofroň, Josef (referee)
Název práce: Numerické řešení inverzních integrálních rovnic matema- tického modelování ve výzkumu biopaliv Autor: Zuzana Bílková Katedra / Ústav: Katedra numerické matematiky Vedoucí bakalářské práce: RNDr. Iveta Hnětynková, Ph.D., Katedra nu- merické matematiky MFF UK Abstrakt: Cílem této bakalářské práce je numerické řešení Fredholmových integrálních rovnic prvního řádu, které se vyskytují ve výzkumu biopaliv. Práce se zaměřuje na studium Lagrangových interpolačních kvadraturních formulí. Uvažujeme lichoběžníkové a Simpsonovo pravidlo s využitím ekvidistantního a logaritmického dělení. Cílem práce je srovnání těchto pravidel a nalezení nej- vhodnější metody. Práce se dále zabývá určením minimálního počtu naměře- ných dat tak, abychom dosáhli dané přesnosti. Poznatky jsou demonstrovány na numerických experimentech se simulovanými daty. Klíčová slova: inverzní integrální rovnice, kvadratura, konvergence, odhad chyby 1
|
|
The intracellular symbionts of blood-feeding Diptera group Hippobosccoidea
ŠOCHOVÁ, Eva
Blood-sucking parasites from the Hippoboscoidea group (Insecta: Diptera) harbor symbiotic bacteria providing them with B-vitamins and cofactors missing from their blood diet. Although including medically important vectors such as tsetse flies, evolutionary history of symbiosis in the whole group is poorly understood. This thesis is focused on analysis of symbionts in the Hippoboscidae family (parasites of birds and mammals). Phylogenetic approach was employed to determine lineages of obligatory and facultative symbionts present in this group. Results of the study indicate that relationships between Hippoboscoidea and their symbionts are extremely dynamic with frequent replacements of obligate symbionts. To which extent is this dynamic evolutionary history of symbiotic systems in Hippoboscoidea caused by features of their parasitic lifestyle (e.g. host switches from mammals to birds) will be an interesting question for further studies.
|
|
Isolation and characterisation of oviductal proteins involved in formation of sperm oviductal reservoir in cow
Kračmerová, Jana ; Liberda, Jiří (advisor) ; Postlerová, Pavla (referee)
The oviduct plays an important role in the complex process of fertilization and in the early phase of embryo development. Isolation and characterization of some components of bovine oviduct participating in the formation of oviductal sperm reservoir was a subject of the present study. Two affinity sorbents containing immobilized components of bull seminal plasma (non-separated proteins of bull seminal plasma and their phosphorylcholine binding fraction) were prepared and used for the study of interaction of immobilized ligands with components of oviductal epithelium. Two types of preparation of oviductal membrane proteins of the isthmus region were isolated: complete membrane proteins and the apical fraction of membrane proteins. These preparations were separated using prepared affinity matrices. in both cases only an insignificant amount of proteins was found in the adsorbed fractions. Further attention has been paid to the identification of four protein zones detected after electrophoretic separation in the presence of SDS (rel. mol. wt. 15 500 - 18 500) in the fraction of apical membrane proteins. These proteins were identified after the electrophoretic separation and tryptic digestion using MS analysis as bovine histones H4, H2A typ 2-C, H2B typ 1-K a H3.3. Proteins identified as bovine...
|
|
Transcriptional regulation of miR-17-92 microRNA cluster during macrophage differentiation.
Rybářová, Jana ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pospíšek, Martin (referee)
miR-17-92 cluster (Oncomir1) encodes seven microRNAs (miRNA, miR) regulating many biological processes including proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. Overexpression of microRNAs encoded by miR-17-92 cluster is found in a number of tumors including acute and chronic myeloid leukemias (Dixon-McIver et al., 2008; Li et al., 2008; Venturini et al., 2007). Myeloid progenitors express miR-17-92 cluster at a high level, while macrophage differentiation associates with its downregulation. Our laboratory found, that miR-17-92 cluster is repressed by transcription factor Early growth response 2 (Egr2) upon differentiation of primary myeloid PUER progenitors, induced with transcription factor PU.1. Aim of this thesis is to further test the abovementioned data by preparing a reporter vectors set, carrying various fragments of miR-17-92 putative promoter, which enables us to study regulation of transcription of miR-17-92 cluster. This task complicated by presence of increased GC content of the miR-17-92 promoter was successfully accomplished resulting in amplification of eight fragments containing the various parts of miR-17-92 promoter including region -3.3 to 0 kb relative to the start of miR-17-5p sequence, that were inserted into pGL3 reporter vector. Transfection of pGL3 reporter vector carrying...
|
|
Intercultural Differencies and Its Impact on International Negotiations
Glajchová, Šárka ; Janák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Oponent B, (referee)
Title: The Impact oflntercultural Dťfferences on International Business Goals: The main goal of my project was to find out and further investigate the impact of intercultural differences on long-term relations and succesful dealings with people from other cultures. The first step was to introduce the theory and tactics used in negotiation itself, then the influence of the participants' personalities and last but not least, the key issues of the major world economies. The actual importace of applying the right dealing skills in practice was shown through authentic examples of persona! experince of "The Riickl Crystal Company's" employees. Results: Confirmation of my opening hypothesis that cultural awareness is of critical importace in deciding the relative fortunes of the major world economies. Those institutions and organisations that recignize this fact will have the lead on those that neglect it. Methods: descriptive analysis - theoretical outloně based on literature observing - defining the problem questioning - interview with the experts Key words_; negotiation, comunication, culture, intercultural differences
|
|
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the Czech Republic
Kybicová, Kateřina ; Hulínská, Dagmar (advisor) ; Žákovská, Alena (referee) ; Grubhoffer, Libor (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to assess the occurrence of two tick- borne bacteria, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma pha- gocytophilum, in ticks, wild and domestic animals in the Czech Republic. In ticks, similar prevalence of both bacteria was ob- served. In rodents, the majority of infections were caused by B. afzelii while the infection with B. burgdorferi s. s. was also quite frequent. Infection with B. burgdorferi s. l. was more common in bank voles than in wood or yellow-necked mice. The prevalence of anti-Borrelia antibodies was higher in wood or yellow-necked mice than in bank voles. A. phagocytophilum was in a higher percentage of cases in the deer family and hares as compared to foxes and boars. We observed a similar prevalence of anaplasmosis in all domestic animals tested. We demonstrated that symptomatic dogs had a higher chance to be infected with A. phagocytophilum than asymptomatic dogs. Our findings suggest that the exposure to B. burgdorferi s. l. and A. phagocytophilum is common in vectors, reservoirs and hosts in the Czech Republic. Molecular and serological techniques for detection of these pathogens are also described in this thesis, including conven- tional PCR, nested PCR, real-time PCR with DNA quantification and melting curve analysis, RFLP analysis of the 5S-23S...
|
|
Rituals in the Hellenistic period
Nachtigal, Pavel ; Bednář, Miloš (referee) ; Jebavá, Jana (advisor)
Rituals in the Hellenistic period Diploma Work Objective: To give an survey about questions of rituals, mysteries in the Hellenistic period. The starting point of this DW lies within these hypotheses: 1. Presume, the rituals and mysteries in the Hellenistic period have had an effect on the senzitivity of an individual. 2. Presume, that the influence of Eastern philosophy had a mystic effect on the individual and kept the individual's mind away from brutal reality of his everyday life. (see The War). 3. Presume, that the oriental cults of god Mithra, Kybelé and Isis affected the perception of the Greeks and Romans. 4. Presume, that the architectonic style of the buildings, in which the rituals, mysteries were held, was specific and they were instrumental only for this purpose. (see Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii - pic. 1-12). Methods: For this work I have used study of the available literature, researches, compilations, analyses, synthesis of essential ideas, comparison. The impetus for hypotheses of the DW resulted from the surveyed materials. Produces: DW proved thoughs about questions of the rituals and mysteries in Hellenistic period to be positive for the development of subjectivism, development of individualism, innovation of ancient world (the area of ancient Rome and ancient Greece) individual's...
|
|
Support for Romany Secondary School Students
BŘEČKOVÁ, Gabriela
The theoretical part of this thesis is dealing with the differences in education in Romany families as compared to majority families, the education of the Romany minority, educational opportunities of Romany students and inequalities in the transition to high schools as compared with the majority population. Additionally, it describes the reasons for early drop out of Romany students from secondary schools and the concept of the Support is defined, as well as its changes that had taken place over the years till June 2011. The objective of this thesis is to identify the effectiveness of the Support of socially disadvantaged Romany secondary school students and college students. To obtain the necessary data, the method of qualitative research was chosen, the technique of semi-structured interview supplemented by secondary data analysis. The research group consisted of eight representatives of secondary schools in the South Bohemian Region County who asked for the Support in the past. The research results show that all Romany students apply for the Support at the outset of their studies, most of them repeatedly and separately for each period. If a Romany student meets the conditions for granting the Support, he/she must meet the conditions for the payment of the Support. The subsidy granted is paid retroactively in December, for the period from September to December, and in June, for the period from January to June. The unused finance is returned to the Ministry of Education. At the same time, the research suggests that completing the application form for the Support is not easy. The number of Romany students who applied for the Support from January 2005 to June 2011 shows a downward trend. The reasons for not using the Support included, in more than half of Romany children, an incorrect estimate of education costs and also a failure to submit the relevant documents for the retroactive payments; in 21 % of the cases the Support was not used due to drop out of the student, and the rest was due to unexcused absence. It is expected that this thesis could serve as an information source for the general public because the Support, also called positive discrimination, is a powerful motivational tool for socially disadvantaged Romany students for whom it is not easy to continue with their secondary education. At the same time, this thesis could become a source of research for other regions too.
|
|
Choosing a career of a nurse
Hlinovská, Jana ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pelikán, Jiří (referee)
This disertation is focused on problems of a nurse profession choice. The aim of this work is to map out social and personal aspects of the first stage of a professional orientation. External (social) and internal (personal) categories are very close, they influence each other and they are affected by many conditions. The task of a part of this work was to record differences in chosen variabilities of adolescents in individual school grade s and to map some differences in the results of Ms Gabrielová research from 1991. In an empirical retrospective study we tried to explain casual nexus on the basis of a quantitative data processing. A statistical selective group was made up by 422 respondents-students of three medical schools who attended a full-time nurse study in an academic year 2003/2004. Intra-research we produced a new implement called A questionnaire for students of secondary medical schools. Our research verified the principle hypothesis which conserned more general relations and inc1uded more partial hypothesis. External and internal factors intervene in a choice of a secondary medical school and a nurse profession at students of secondary medical schools. We could divide our respondents in two groups. The first half of them we considered as stronger motivated ones for studying and further for...
|
guest ::
