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Změny obsahu humusu a půdní reakce na vybraných lokalitách Moravského krasu
Boráková, Iveta
This thesis deals with the content of soil organic matter and soil reaction to selected locations in protected landscape area Moravian karst. 30 lokalities was compared (10 arable land, 10 permanent grassland, 10 forest). Samples were taken from surface mineral horizon in 2011 and 2013. In the theoretical part is discussed the issue of soil organic matter and soil reaction. There is characterized area Moravian Karst. The practical part includes processing methods, results, evaluation, statistical and graphical processing. Average content of humus increases in the order: arable land < permanent grassland < forest. The values in 2013 were lower than in 2011. Soil reaction was in 2011 for arable land, permanent grassland and forest vegetation very similar. Soil reaction was in 2013 similar only with arable land and grassland, the forests were lower. The values in 2013 were lower than in 2011 In 2013, the soil reaction is similar only with cropland and grassland, the forests were lower. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA: one factor) was shown influence the type of vegetation on humus content. Influence the type of vegetation on soil reaction wasn't shown. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated between the measured values of cnotent humus and soil reaction in 2011 and 2013.
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Efficiency of regulation models in financial markets in environment of monetary policy changes.
Stehlík, Jan ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Titze, Miroslav (referee)
This paper examines models of supervision and regulation over the financial market and their impact on volatility of interest rates according to monetary policy changes. Its goal is to judge if some of these models aren't less effective and cause higher volatility and if the assumption of market stability is provided. It looks into monetary policy changes and their impact on financial market, interest rates and their development in time of these changes. It analyzes correlation of monetary policy and financial market and gives characteristics of each of regulation models. Using the method of graphical analysis, this paper compares reactions of short- and longterm interest rates (Treasury bills and 10years government yields) in relevant countries during monetary change applications. It examines also official offered rate and real interbank rate and its' spreads. As indicator of financial market stress is used Libor-OIS spread. It evaluates the influence of models used in different countries in each given situation.
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Sorption and Stabilization of Metals/Mettalloids by Innovative Synthesized Sorbent Amochar.
Ouředníček, P. ; Trakal, L. ; Komárek, M. ; Pohořelý, Michael
Remediation of contaminated soil which is based on stabilization and immobilization of potential\nhazardous substance by sorption materials has been studied intensively nowadays. Biochar – activated organic carbon belongs to this group of stabilizing agents which can adsorb wide range of contaminants, including metals/metalloids. Surface area of the biochars is quite large in general and functional groups (e.g. COO–) can form chelates or alkaline elements on the surface, which is represented by cation exchange capacity. Altogether with the high pH values (7.00 – 10.00), biochars are quite effective sorbents and can adsorb metals/metalloids from the solution (ground water), especially in acidic soils (in the environments affected by intensive mining activities). Sorption\neffectiveness can be increased (especially for As (V) or Cr (VI) sorption) by modification of biochar by various types of secondary oxides. Innovative sorbent AMOchar (AMO + biochar) has been synthesized currently. The product was prepared by adding of biochar to the reaction solution during amorphous manganese oxide (AMO) synthesis. The AMOchar was formed mainly by Mn-oxalates which had coated surface of the pristine biochar. AMOchar composite was able to remove significantly higher amounts of various metal(loid)s from the solution despite the rather high pH of the material. Sorption effectiveness was high not only in case of Pb (II) sorption (almost 99%), and Cd(II) (51.2%), but also a very high amount of As(V), 91.4%. Additionally, both AMOchar composite was able to reduce Mn leaching. This can avoid potential post-contamination caused by the dissolution of less stable Mn-oxalates as observed in the pure AMO.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_22316111113040 - PDF
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Critical reactions on Edward Bullough's concept of psychical distance
Adámková, Veronika ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
In this thesis we are focusing at the notion of psychical distance first introduced in the work "'Psychical Distance' as a Factor in Art and as an Aesthetic Principle" from Edward Bullough. There were many responses to the concept of psychical distance from many authors, some of them have rejected this notion, and others tried to support it. Initially we provided brief interpretation of Bulough's work with the focus at parts, which are cited and investigated most frequently in mentioned interpretations. We are interpreting and comparing gradually the most popular works, which involve the notion of psychical distance with respect to Bullough's original concept. We are pointing out the difference between notions psychical distance and aesthetic attitude, because they are mistaken one for another by many different authors. This thesis tries to provide new look at some papers responding to Bullough's conception.
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Information content in vocalization of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus): individual distinction and recognition of predators
Baklová, Aneta ; Baranyiová, Eva (advisor) ; František, František (referee)
Guinea pigs represent domesticated precocious rodents which became common pets. From the first day after birth they are fully vocal. This thesis was devoted
to the vocalization of pups. The aim of the thesis was to 1) determine the age when the vocal individuality in whistle sound is demonstrable; 2) test possible ultrasonic signals emitted by young guinea pigs; 3) study the antipredator reactions and alarm calls to aerial (bird of prey) and terrestrial (dog) predators and human (control test).
A total of 16 guinea pig pups were tested for vocal individuality, 28 pups
for ultrasonic vocalization and 27 adolescents for predator recognition. When testing vocal ontogeny during the first 9 days after birth, I observed changes in temporal, frequency and parameter of intensity . When I test vocal individuality by cross-validated discriminant function analysis (DFA) based on ten acoustic parameters, calls were classified to correct animals with following success: day 1 = 71.9%, day 3 = 58.8%, day 5 = 53.10%, day 7 = 50.60% and day 9 = 63.10%. The highest frequency in whistle was 30.03 kHz. In predator discrimination reactions as freezing, fleeing and vigilance were observed. In the presence of dog, guinea pigs reacted for the longest time and most frequently by freezing. When confronted with a bird of prey, I observed for a longest time and most often fleeing and then freezing. When exposed to a human, guinea pigs showed mostly vigilance. Almost no vocalization was observed except for two events
of alarm calls - drrr as in the presence of dog and chirrup as reaction to bird of prey.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the presented results: 1) vocal individuality of guinea pigs is demonstrable immediately after birth and the rate
of individually different vocal parameters changes with age; 2) guinea pigs are able
to produce sound up to 30 kHz, i.e. within the ultrasound range, but signals of high frequencies are not crucial for their communication; 3) guinea pigs discriminate between terrestrial and aerial predators, but they emit alarm calls rather rarely.
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Non-invasive methods for sex and steroid homones determination in gibbons of the genus Nomascus
Bolechová, Petra ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
The gibbon primates of the family Nomascus are classified as critically endangered species, and, to date, basic understanding and information about their biology is missing. With regard to the status of these animals in the wild and captive populations in zoos, being familiar with their reproduction, may improve captive breeding programs. Data collection in this study was to be carried out by the practical use of non-invasive methods (polymerase chain reaction for DNA extraction and enzyme immunoassays), using faecal samples for analysis. The first method, polymerase chain reaction, was used for sex determination in juveniles, because of their coat colour and visual similarity of secondary sex characteristic in both sexes; it is not possible to determinate sex without handling the animal. Another main purpose of this study is to try and answer the hypothesis regarding the ovarian cycle of females, factors influencing their hormone concentration and also the onset of sexual maturity in females and the timing of their fur colour change. Hypotheses were checked by monitoring the concentration of progesterone and oestrogen faecal metabolites and by evaluation of the composition of breeding groups of gibbons with the ZOO influence. During a four year period (from 2010 till 2014), there were a total of 51 animals analysed from 16 different zoos with a faecal sample count totalling 1618 samples. The results confirmed the use of noninvasive methods for sex determination, and thus ensuring the maximum welfare standards. Endocrinological analysis confirmed the hypothesis of the influence of the environment (ZOO) to the hormone concentrations and female´s pregnancy effect in conjunction with her age on the final results of the male - father hormone concentrations. The initial information in this study is the confirmation of the onset of ovarian cycle in young females without connection to their fur colour change and a significant factor of a mother´s impact and her territoriality. This study is the first to present a long term monitoring of ovarian cycles in females and hormone concentrations of other individuals, both male and female, and from various age groups. The results allow us to understand the possible impact of zoo environments on the reproductive status of these gibbons and contribute to the general improvement of breeding management.
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Steam generator for nuclear power plant with fast reactor
Karička, Radoslav ; Nesvadba, Lukáš (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
The aim of the project is to design a steam generator in which the sodium flows pipeline hand, and on the other hand, water flow and water vapor (H2O). The main idea of this thesis is to propose such a steam generator, to avoid or eliminate the possibility of adverse reactions of sodium with water and, if this phenomenon occurs, thus minimizing the damage caused by this reaction. The work contains information on the implementation of steam, steam option, the necessary calculations for the design and construction and evaluation.
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Antic theather by eyes of Milan Sládek
Biel, Petr ; PETIŠKOVÁ, Ladislava (advisor) ; BENČIK, Juraj (referee)
This work focuses on life, theatre works, and specific point of wiev on antic theather by eyes of the world famous mime Milan Sládek. Discusses about progresion of this significant mime actor life, about his specific acting style, documenting proces of creation inscenation Antigone, reflect audience reaction on this inscenation and finally presenting mistr Milan Sladek in his humane position.
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