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Post-penitentiary treatment and prevention of recidivism
Hrnčíř, Luděk ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
RÉSUMÉ The work presented is a Master thesis completed at the Criminal law department under theLaw faculty of the Charles' University. It deals with recidivism, its causes and prerequisites of its occurrence. Preventive activities in the Czech republic are also a part of this project. Emphasis is put especially ontertiary preventive activities, namely working with people who have commited crime before. Postpenitential care plays an important role here, especially the problems of returning the convicted person into normal life. For synoptic reasons, the text also contains the overview of the Czech legal regulations, especially the standards of the criminal law. The standards of the social security law, which determine the system made by the state for people exposed to social exclusion, are also dealt with here. Apart from the national legislative, the international regulations are also mentioned here, although they are rather informal recommendations of the EU. A special chapter is devoted to Czech prison system. Conditions in Czech jails are described as well as programme set up for dealing with prisoners and also the difficulties of so called exit departments. The most important part of the thesis contains information about the state and opportunities of the postpenitential care. These problems occur in...
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Rights to Preserve Minority Languages and Culture in International Law (Traditional Minorities versus Immigrants)
Šimková, Sylva ; Hofmannová, Mahulena (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá poskytováním práv na zachování menšinového jazyka a kultury imigrantským menšinám. Práce se zvláště soustředí na "lingvistická práva", tedy na veřejné vzdělání v menšinovém jazyce a přístup menšiny k většinovému jazyku, právo na vícejazyčné názvy a označení, právo na financování aktivit, které zviditelňují menšinovou kulturu, a právo na použití menšinového jazyka při jednání s úřady. Práce shrnuje úpravu lingvistických práv v mezinárodněprávních dokumentech. Budou popsány závazky, které pro státy vyplývají z následujících dokumentů: Mezinárodní pakt o občanských a politických právech (1966), Deklarace OSN o právech osob náležejících k národnostním, etnickým, náboženským a jazykovým menšinám (1992), Všeobecná deklarace lingvistických práv (1996), Všeobecná deklarace kulturní diversity (2001), Mezinárodní úmluvu o ochraně práv všech migrujících pracovníků a jejich rodinných příslušníků (1990), Římská smlouva (1957), Evropská úmluva o lidských právech (1950), Evropská charta regionálních či menšinových jazyků (1992), Podobně Rámcová úmluva o ochraně národnostních menšin (1995), Haagská doporučení vztahující se k právům národnostních menšin na vzdělání (1996) a Doporučení z Oslo vztahující se k lingvistickým právům národnostních menšin (1998). Cílem práce je zjistit, jak se lingvistická...
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Access to Information and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters in the Republic of Irealand and the Czech Republic
Vítková, Martina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters introduced by Aarhus Convention in the specific conditions of Czech Republic and Ireland. These rights are considered to be very important tools for environmental protection. At a time when people threaten their own existence by negative interference with the environment it is necessary that effective means for its protection exist. These means are access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters, which together can be called as environmental procedural rights. The first chapter of this thesis presents the sources of environmental procedural law and observes the development of law at international, European and national level. The most important international document in this field is the Aarhus Convention that was adopted in 1998 by most of the European countries and that provides for access to environmental information, access to justice and public participation in environmental decision-making. This convention has largely affected the law of the European Union, where several directives has been adopted, including most importantly the Directive 2003/4/EC on access to environmental information and the Directive 2003/35/EC on public participation in...
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Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law
Kolářová, Marie ; Hrdina, Antonín (advisor) ; Kašný, Jiří (referee) ; Šprunk, Karel (referee)
Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law Key words: Theory and Philosophy of Law, Concept of Law, Freedom of a Christian, Morality, Rights of Catholics First part: The concept of freedom that is within philosophy and law theory understood in different meanings - distinction among transcendental freedom, freedom of choice and freedom in Christ. Second part: The concept of law; the relationship between law and values. The nature of canon law; is canon law a juridical or a theological science? School of thought in the contemporary debate about the nature of canon law. Law is one aspect of a complex social reality. I Third part: The nature of the Church; the visible and the invisible church. The renewed theological vision of the nature of the Church. The place of law in the Church. Two distinct ecclesiologies: one of the Church as sacrament and communion, the other of a juridicalIy organized perfect society. Fourth part: The close relationship of law norms and moral norms in the juristic regulation of the Church. The distinction between to conduct according moral and law norms. Framework of morality. Moral norms encourages persons to be virtuous. Fifth part: The fundamental human rights are .inseparably interconnected in the very person. The fundamental human rights...
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Economical criminal acts in Spanish law
Zajíc, Martin ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Žák, Květoslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis is about economical criminal acts in Spanish law and is divided into three parts. The first part describes basics of Spanish Criminal law, where some basic key words are explained, as well as the common features of economical criminal acts. In the second chapter differences between Czech and Spanish Criminal law are explained. There is also mention of the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters and how it works. The final chapter is divided into two parts. The first part describes the results of analysis on Economical criminal acts worldwide that was carried out by PricewaterhouseCoopers and is concentrated on Spain. The second part of the last chapter is dedicated to analysis of Criminal law in the case of corruption and money laundering that the family of Jordi Pujol is guilty off.
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Selected issues of unfair competition and legal protection against such conduct
Kelman, Jan ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
The selected unfair competition practice and protection against such practice The aim of the thesis is to analyze the phenomenon of misleading advertising and the possibilities of legal protection against that kind of unfair competition, within the comprehensiveness of Master's diploma thesis. I deal with the topic predominantly from the private law point of view. The aim of the thesis is, first, to summarize unfair competition and related terminology and, next, to outline its different aspects in detail and present related instruments of legal defence. The thesis consists of nine chapters. Each of them is concerned with different aspects of unfair competition. The Introduction describes the thesis topic, the structure of the thesis and its aim. Chapter One defines the term 'competition' and describes the law regulating the right to competition, its limits and normative basis. Chapter Two focuses on market competition and consists of two parts. The first one concentrates on legal definition of the term 'competition' and its general interpretation. The second one is addressed to competition law and its division. Chapter Three explains the term 'unfair competition' and presents a detailed survey of subjects in unfair competition. Following subchapters examines 'competitors', 'consumers', 'other...
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Common commercial law for Europe
FRAŇKOVÁ, Hana
This work deals with common commercial law for Europe, which lacks the exis-tence of the standard of contracts concluded by traders with consumers. The solution of this problem can be the Proposal for Regulation of the European parliament and Council on a Common European Sales Law. This work discusses the evolution of this proposal, which was cancelled and converted into Union strategy for the single digital market. It deals with its benefits and potential.
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Inheritance law in theory and practice
Blodková, Gabriela ; Spirit, Michal (advisor) ; Žák, Květoslav (referee)
Subject of the Bachelor thesis "Inheritance law in theory and practice" deals with the law of succession applicable in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part I pay attention to development of inheritance law, from Roman law to the present, after that I describe preconditions of inheritance law and its progress, including the possibility refusal of inheritance rights from the perspective of the New Civil Code. I put the emphasis on the most important changes between the former and the new Civil Code in the law of succession and on repeated implementation of some institutions. In the practical part there is analysed last will and then described the progress of the will by the notary. The practical part analyses last will and describes the process of acquisition of the will from the notary.
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