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The Analysis of the impact of varieties and seed treatment on selected parameter seeds of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)
Míča, Luděk ; Kuchtová, Perla (advisor) ; Miroslava, Miroslava (referee)
Czech Republic is one of the world's leading producers of the poppy seeds. Concerning the growing field area of poppy, the Czech Republic is lead producer of the poppy seeds at the international level (Vašák, 2010; Cihlář, 2012).
Poppy seed is very sensitive on many internal and external factors during cultivation, especially in the beginning of germination and emergence. At present, there are not registered preparations available for seed dressing for poppy seed in the Czech Republic (Prokinová, 2006). However, there has been done many experiments based on testing of natural substances (eg. humates and plant extracts), microorganisms and especially the application of soil fungi in seed treatment recently
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of selected regional varieties of poppy cultivation and seed treatment to yield parameters of poppy seed both individually and in combination,. For the thesis was essential to describe the suitability of varieties for growing in organic and integrated agriculture in relation to the efficiency of production. Evaluation of the seed quality of the varieties was carried out in the field as well as under laboratory conditions. Before sowing, seeds were treated by preparations Gliorex and TS Osivo, untreated variant has been used as a control.
During plant cultivation were monitored shape of the plants, the degree of infestation, weed control and other treatments based on natural substances. Neem-Azal was used as the pest regulator. The second variant was treated by foliar application of TS Květa.
Seeds harvested from variants of our trial were tested under laboratory conditions for comparison of differences between varieties. The tests also revealed the seed infestation and what percentage of the seed is viable. The last evaluation was carried out on the basis of the weight of thousands of seeds (HTS), which reflects the yield determined by the selected seed treatment.
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Effect of climatic and environmental variables on changes in numbers and migratory behaviour of wintering and migrating waterbirds.
Adam, Matyáš ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Bejček, Vladimír (referee)
Waterbirds with their specific habitat and food requirements varying during their annual cycle (Riffell et al. 2003; Taft and Haig 2006) are able to indicate the wetland diversity and quality due to their rapid responses on changes in environment (Delany 1999; Fernández et al. 2005; Amat and Green 2010). Remarkable land cover changes and climate warming led to significant shifts in distribution and abundance of many waterbird species across Europe in recent decades (Delany et al. 2006; Fox et al. 2010; Lehikoinen et al. 2013; Pavón-Jordán et al. 2015). To understand the dynamic of migratory birds in space and time and to assess effects of global conditions as well as local conditions of individual sites during their annual cycle there is need of international monitoring and research. Since the start of International Waterbird Census in 1967 both increasing and decreasing trends have been recorded in nearly fifty percent of waterbird species in Western Palearctic (Delany et al. 2006, Wetlands International 2016) and they consequently have affected trends in particular countries, including the Czech Republic. Wetland sites in the Czech Republic are generally situated on the edge of wintering range of most waterbird species (Gilissen et al. 2002), however the prevailing increase in abundance of waterbird species has been recorded here in recent decades (Musil et al. 2011). Though, the considerable growth of winter temperatures has not been noticed in the Czech Republic (Klein Tank et al. 2002; Musilová et al. 2009; Dušek et al. 2013), and the accessibility of the wetland sites, due to their freezing, varies year to year. Hence, we can assume that waterbirds have likely began using the alternative habitats with available food resources, i.e. cold-weather refuges, probably regardless of their conservation status (Musilová et al. 2015). Special protection areas were implemented to Czech legislation in 2004 to protect migratory birds (Birds Directive 2009/147/EC). So far there has not been tested the effectivity and impact of legislative protection on wintering waterbird species. Moreover, some previous studies indicated that SPA network do not match the species distribution pattern (López-López et al. 2007; Briggs et al. 2012; Albuquerque et al. 2013), so this issue urgently calls for scientific research.
The second part of the thesis focused on Greylag Geese, whose abundance has rapidly grown across the Europe in recent decades (Madsen et al. 1999; Fox et al. 2010), and that have become ideal model species to observe their responses to habitats and climate changes as well as their reactions to human disturbance (Fox and Madsen 1997; Ramo et al. 2015). This requires appropriate knowledge of geese distribution, abundance and their behaviour. Since 1930s, when the geese started to be ringed in the Czech Republic, the ringing intensity have markedly varied and have been reflected in numbers of recoveries. In last ten years the intensity have increased (Podhrazský 2010). However, complex of the historical data until 2002 (Cepák et al. 2008) and recent data have not been analysed so far. In the light of recent shifts in wintering ranges and migration phenology of many goose populations these analyses require increased attention. Furthermore, the satellite monitoring of geese is coming to detect more detailed information about behaviour of individuals.
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Natural elements and textures in the image of Czech cities
Hejtmánková, Barbora ; Kupka, Jiří (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
PhD thesis deals with the impact of natural elements and structures in the image of the city. Topic is on the edge of urbanism, urban composition, aesthetics and landscape protection. This topic is often mentioned in relation with the identification and evaluation of landscape character. Landscape character significantly affects the urban structure of a city -- foundation of the city and functional layout; It is also reflected in the spatial and urban composition. Image of the city can be analyzed from different perspectives, just as it is possible to analyze the urban composition. Image of the city is solved by number of methodologies and PhD theses, although there are rather focused on the landscape or the town silhouette in surrounding landscape. This PhD thesis is focused on natural elements and structures in the city. So it is not about a city in a surrounding landscape but about townscape. It analyzes the image of the city and follows the methodology of Michael Hexner -- it evaluates the image of the city with regard to relationship of urban structures and natural elements with respect to their visual expression and visual appeal. Conclusions of the work define a relationship between the application of natural elements in the image of the city and its positive acceptance, perception and evaluation. The thesis is mainly focused on assessment of an aesthetic and compositional relationship of natural elements inside the city.
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Impacts of corruption and fiscal evasion on selected sectors of the economy
Rodonaia, Elizbar ; Šrédl, Karel (advisor) ; Kopecká, Lenka (referee)
Corruption is one of the most famous and also the most serious problems of the contemporary world. The aim of the processing of the dissertation is to create the actual characteristics of corruption and fiscal evasion, both from theoretical and practical point of view, specify their manifestations in economies of Georgia and Czech Republic in conditions of contemporary globalization, as well as to express the effects of corruption and fiscal evasion on selected sectors of the economy. The international organization Transparency International compared corruption in different countries based on the values of the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), which measures the degree of corruption perception from a subjective point of view. Every year the index captures the current view on corruption in the public sector and surveys used for the compilation include issues related to the misuse of public power for private benefit. The Czech Republic has 51 points and is on the 53th position in the rankings, right behind her at the 54th position ranked Slovakia with 50 points. This placement reflects very bad situation in the state administration, poor functioning of political parties and the lack of anti-corruption policy of the state. From the collected data and time series was concluded a conclusion about the high correlation and the correlated indicators of corruption CPI and GDP per capita in PPP. Although among the least corrupt countries in the world in 2014 ranks developed economies such as Denmark, New Zealand and Finland, less sophisticated Georgia was able to stay 50th position ahead of Czech Republic and Slovakia. It is due to the fact that with the advent of the Governments of President Saakashvili and Prime Minister Ivanishvili underwent a major reform of the state administration, including the security forces. This testifies to the fact that the underdevelopment of the economy is far from being the main factor for the elimination of corruption and fiscal evasion in a particular country. Reducing scope of tax evasions and departures of companies to tax havens are aims of the electronic records of sales and changes in the procurement system. Transparency of decisions on the allocation of public contracts should be solved and carry out an inspection utilization of public funds. Limitation of the influence of officials in the public service would undoubtedly help to eliminate small (petty) corruption. More than the total elimination of corruption endeavour currently states on its reduction or elimination of its consequences.
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Assessment of Factors Influencing Wear Resistance of Metallic Materials
Cieslar, Jiří ; Brožek, Milan (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
This thesis investigates the suitable chemical composition of a iron alloy with improved wear resistance. A unique set of alloys with a specifically designated chemical composition was manufactured for experiments. Their properties in defined abrasive conditions was studied in laboratory conditions. Wear resistance was determined on an experimental bench with bound particles. Material properties description was always complemented with information gained during material metallographic structure investigations. All the results were compared with results achieved for commercially available weld deposition materials (specifically designated for abrasion conditions). These (weld deposition) materials were subjected to an identical set of laboratory experiments and additionally to a set of experiments under inservice conditions.
This thesis offers new knowledge about the relationship between material hardness, material structure and wear resistance. The outlined results also give evidence about the correlation between results gained under laboratory conditions and those gained under in-service conditions (in relation to material structure and hardness).
At the end of the thesis the knowledge gained from these experiments is applied to a specific application the service life extension of plough blade segments. On this basis a new material is designed which will extend service life without additional demands on the costs, and the approach to the renovation of worn plough blade segments is justified.
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Economic analysis of currency pair EUR/USD
Peťura, Michal ; Procházka, Petr (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship of exchange rate theory regarding the currency pair EUR / USD. The theoretical part defines the fundamental issue of exchange rates, exchange-rate regimes and the foreign exchange market, where the exchange rates are made. The crucial part of the theory is devoted to economic theories causing currency movements. In conclusion of the theoretical part attention is also given to econometric methods and statistics time series analysis.
The analytical part of the thesis examines the short and long term relationships of purchasing power parity, the theory of parity of interest rates and monetary approach to the exchange rate for the currency pair EUR / USD. A regression analysis is used for investigating short-term relationships, and is applied to the relative changes in the value of the currency pair EUR / USD and the changes in the relative values of the theory of exchange rate determination. The long-term equilibrium relationship is analyzed by using a cointegration analysis, specifically the Engle-Granger and Johansen tests. The estimated results are evaluated and discussed in the final part of the thesis.
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Regional gastronomy as the part of regional development activities viewed by young generation (the case of one vocational hotel management school)
Eretová, Jiřina ; Lošťák, Michal (advisor)
Work first approach a literary review the question of linking regional development and rural and regional food concept (or. As well as other alternative food chains). On this basis, the survey conducted among the students selected hotel schools. Since it is expected that graduates of schools of this type will work in restaurants, work will investigate their relationship to regional foodstuffs which may affect the future direction of the business in which they work, but also the actual development of the region where they operate. As a supplementary data collection technique will be used, structured interviews, which should show how the school works with his students in relation to regional food. After collecting and processing the results of the statistical program, will be followed by their analysis and interpretation, which should result in conclusions and recommendations to the school (learning how to navigate that its outputs were beneficial to the school (learning how to navigate that its outputs are beneficial to region in which the school is located).
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Church restitution and analysis within
Dvořáčková, Petra ; Hájková, Ivana (advisor) ; Pikola, Pavel (referee)
The year 1989 is an important milestone in the modern history of Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic. This year started a search for answers to many important questions, injustices and related remedies. It includes not only moral issues but also property relations among our state and individuals or legal entities.
My bachelor work on the theme The Church restitution and its analysis focuses especially on property injustices, although the moral side of these matters reflects in them deeply. The view on possible damages or justifications with churches in our country is described here. The history and development of this problem is given from the beginning to its approval and coming into force of the law no. 428/2012 Collection, on property settlement with churches and religious societies dated December 5, 2012 effective from January 1, 2013.
The main purpose of this work is to analyze the financial expenses according to the old legislation (Act no. 218/1949 Coll.) compared to financial expenses expected after the adoption of the law on church property settlement and religious societies from the state budget based on the trends of this issue. The assessment of the benefits of new legislation against the previous law is the crucial output of this work. The practical part is also marginally focused on one of the organizational units of the Czech Republic Office of the Government Representation in Property Affairs.
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Overstory-understory neighborhood effect in mountain mixed forest
Matouš, Marek ; Bače, Radek (advisor) ; Ulbrichová, Iva (referee)
The object of this study is to describe overstory-understory neighbourhood effects in natural mountain mixed forests in environmental conditions of central Europe. Namely, the neighbourhood effect of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst. ).
The sample plots are situated in central Slovakia. On 60 plots, counts of individuals of these species were recorded and divided by social status (from 6 cm of DBH). Regeneration of these species, was divided into 4 high categories. For 30 trees of each species, regeneration was also counted under specific crown in the area of 4 m2. The data was evaluated mainly by the generalized linear model in R statistical program. Here was evaluated the relationship between individuals of different categories of understory and overstory and the dependence between counts of regeneration of each species under specific crown.
The strongest positive overstory-understory neighbourhood effect, was observed for the silver fir in all categories of regeneration (p<0.001). It also weakly negatively affected the regeneration of beech. For spruce, the positive neighbourhood effect was demonstrated only among the trees of upper level and saplings from 0.5 to 1.3 meters. Other categories of spruce saplings, were in too small quantities for demonstrating these relationships. Positive overstory-understory neighbourhood effect of beech was weak, or neutral for advanced regeneration. But seedlings to 0,5 m height, were in minimum quantity under spruce and fir crown. Beech also significantly negatively influenced all regeneration categories of silver fir (p<0.001). So, for each species, the overstory-understory neighbourhood effect is more or less positive, at least for lower height regeneration categories. This effect suggest also to small scale species stability of these forests.
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Influence of the effluxion to social acces of the law about return of the church property
Kovalíčková, Veronika ; Oliva, Jiří (advisor) ; Hrib, Michal (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of public relations about process of church resti-tutions developed in the context of negotiations on possible ways property settlement. Discussions proceeded in different intensities and different partial results in the period from 1989 to the present. This thesis briefly deals with the historical development concer-ning church property and the property injustices and the definition of related concepts. Furthermore, thesis tries - with regard to social, cultural and demographic development - to chart the transformation of public opinion in relation to the final form of the property settlement law and the eventual shift in social view of its application in practice.
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