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Family policy in the Czech Republic and services of care about children in the pre-school age
Sláma, Vladimír ; Munková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kotous, Jan (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Family policy in the Czech Republic and services of childcare for children of pre-school age This master's degree thesis deals with family policy, in particular with the institutional provisions of childcare services for children of pre-school age, their legislative framework and potential future development. The goal is to find out whether the current legislation of childcare services sufficiently reflects the needs of parents, given demographic developments and the existing socio-cultural and economic context. The first chapter characterizes the current context of family policy in the Czech Republic: We are experiencing rising fertility rates, while people realize parenthood at later stages of their lives. In addition, opinion polls show that 50% of families desire an egalitarian family model with an equal distribution of childcare responsibilities between both parents, thus allowing for the professional development of each. In reality, however, women usually lower their professional ambitions and stay at home taking care of the children. The second chapter suggests that the discrepancy between the desired and the actually practiced family model is a result of existing family policies in the Czech Republic, which prefer the model of the father as the breadwinner and the mother...
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The conditions of university - educated mothers of little children re-entering the labour market in the Czech republic.
Bolinová, Petra ; Kotrusová, Miriam (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
Diploma thesis "The conditions of university - educated mothers of little children re- entering the labour market in the Czech republic" deals with reasons of long term interruption of qualified womens' career. The most frequently, they stay at home taking care of children three years, inspite of the fact, that they are motivated by their human capital and their need of self fulfillment to get back to their job as soon as possible. The thesis is based on the assumption that there is a substantial tension between work and family life of university - educated women. The thesis identifies which factors influence the period these women stay away the labour market. Besides a human capital, there is a frame of the family and institutional policy, a kind of household division of labour and culture context. The thesis focuses on tertiary - educated mothers' preference on their professional and household engagement. It also focuses on structural conditions in the labour market, institutional policy and the role of employer in reconciliation of work and family life. The thesis brings a contribution for its focus on university - educated women with their specific characteristics, and for its focus on employers' family - friendly activities.
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Women returning to the labor market after parental leave
Grygarová, Šárka ; Arnoldová, Anna (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
This thesis deals with women going back to the labour market after maternity leave. The aim is to highlight the problems of women who return to the labor market after a long pause of working. The introduction deals with discrimination and concepts such as gender mainstreaming and anti-discrimination law. Another chapter is dedicated to family policy in the Czech Republic, concepts such as maternity and parental leave, tools how to help women returning to the labour market. The final part of my paper is dedicated to empirical research I have conducted on women, who were after maternity leave and either joined the labour market or were looking for work. In my paper, I am trying to express difficulties and issues women are encountering after finishing the parental leave and also possibilities how to prepare themselves best for return to the labour market.
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Educational attainment as a factor enabling flexible working arrangements for women on maternity leave in the Czech Republic
Vyhlídková, Petra ; Reichel, Jiří (advisor) ; Růžanská, Hana (referee)
Presented work analyzes the influence of educational attainment in comparison with other factors that enable women on maternity or parental leave in the Czech Republic to actively participate in the labour market using flexible working arrangements. There are subjective and objective factors that may influence decisions of women active in the labour market. The work describes in detail following: selected tools of the social politics, cultural influence, preferences of individual women, need of another income in the household or division of labour with the partner. These influences are examined on examples of particular women using a method of semistructured interviews in qualitative survey. This work is compared with statistical data and relevant results of existing surveys. An assumption of presented work is the fact, that women with a higher education are better equipped to use possible options of available flexible working arrangements. The results of this survey confirm the assumption to a certain level, however it points also to other factors that are at least of the same importance as the level of attained education.
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Introduction of Paternity Leave: Expected Costs and Benefits in the Czech Republic
Jirůtková, Petra ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Chadimová, Kateřina (referee)
Although paternity leave policies have already been in place in a majority of European Countries, paternity leave in the Czech Republic was introduced through legislation change only in February 2018. In this thesis, we focus on an evaluation of expected costs and benefits of paternity leave in the Czech Republic. Given the recent nature of the policy change, we provide an ex ante analysis. This analysis compares the actual situation as of 2016 with a hypothetical situation of implementing paternity leave already in that year. Unlike the European Commission studies analysing the introduction of paternity leave in other European countries, we take into account heterogeneous propensities of different socio-economic groups taking paternity leave, different scenarios of overall take-up rates and different on-the-job substitution rates for fathers. We show that the lowest expected yearly costs were 427 million CZK, while the highest calculated costs were 1.28 billion CZK. The lowest costs go hand in hand with the lowest take-up rate and a higher substitution rate. On the contrary, the highest costs were calculated for the highest take-up rate and a lower substitution rate.
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Maternity and Parenthood through the view of Labour Law and Social Security Law
Filipová, Lucie ; Koldinská, Kristina (referee)
Maternity and Parenthood through the view of Labour Law and Social Security Law Abstract This theses deals with the social event of pregnancy, maternity and parenthood in the wider labour and social contexts. The aim of this theses is to analyse the individual stages of the employee's working life based on the birth of the child. Attention is paid to the maternity and parental leave, with particular reference the limited possibilities termination of employment during their drawing. In this context, the different types of financial benefits belonging to parents taking care of children, whose purpose is to compensate for the loss of income or dampening of gainful activities resulting from the necessary personal care of a child. The theses also deals with the interconnection of individual institutes of labour law and social security law in terms of employee's participation in the system of sickness, pension and public health insurance, taking into account the specific conditions of participation of insured persons in these systems while they are taking maternity and parental leave, or receiving sickness insurance or state social support benefits. The attention is also paid to the financial security of parents in the event of loss of employment through the unemployment benefits, describing in detail the system...
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The fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic
Čechová, Pavla ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Maříková, Hana (referee)
This diploma work is focused on the situation of fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic. The aim of research is to find out how fathers feel on their parental leave, what is positive or negative for them and how they evaluate this experience. The theoretical part describes the legislative framework of parental leave and parental allowance and explains the concepts such as femininity, masculinity, maternity and paternity. Then I deal with gender stereotypes and situation on the labour market, and their influences on the decision for starting parental leave. Then I formulate arguments for more father's participation in taking care of children. The empirical part is focused on a qualitative research. The research was realized by interviews done with 10 fathers on parental leaves, and analyzed by coding. Then I made a connection between new data and theoretical resources which are described in the first part. At the end I indicate the posibility of doins some other research, for example with both parents.
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Maternity centre as a tool encouraging women in return to labour market after maternity leave
Čechurová, Lenka ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Zrcková, Alžběta (referee)
Women with small children are considered as one of the risk groups within the labour market. These women still face discrimination when returning to the labour market after finishing the maternity leave, even though there are many social policy and labour market agendas aiming to the higher employment of this social group. This text aims to the new tool of return to the labour market of women finishing the maternity leave -Maternity centre. Maternity centres in the Czech Republic, as an area for meeting of parents and children, were established 20 years ago. Their values and principles of operating have substantially changed during this time. The European processes of integration were among the factors that influenced the values and aims of maternity centres. The first part of this thesis concentrates on the maternity centre as an institution in general. It focuses on the history, values, aims and principles of operating. In the second part of the text a case study of chosen maternity centre (Klub K2) was conducted. This case study introduces the programs of Klub K2 that were created in order to enable women with small children to participate within the labour market. The key aspect of Klub K2 consists of two dimensions of this institution: it focuses on both the childcare and the "women care" and...
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