|
|
Economic aspects of the global population development in the eyes of proponents and critics of TR Malthus
Zelinka, Jan ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Maialeh, Robin (referee)
Discussions regarding resources depletion and populations are currently at the forefront of society. Against each other are standing groups of supporters and groups of critics of Thomas Malthus. The objective of this thesis is economic analysis of threats and benefits of the current population development with regard to theories of both groups. To the solution is used statistical data of the World Bank, through which it assesses the situation in selected countries and in the world. Nowadays dominates critic's opinions rather, which are pointing to the improving condition of the planet. Population growth has slowed down in recent years and the population is close to its peak, which would open possibilities for increasing human capital, which is the most important resource that we have. Ensuring the growth of human capital has the potential to provide solving future problems related to the lack of existing natural resources.
|
|
|
Global Population Problem
Papežová, Zuzana ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Janković, Vukica (referee)
Bachelor thesis titled Global Population Problem is focused on a group of global problems, which mainly arises from the adverse demographic development on Earth. The aim of this work is to describe the basic demographic trends affecting the formation and existence of the global population problem. It also gives evaluation and suggestions of current and future solutions to this problem. Characterization of demographic indicators and their changes over time with an emphasis on both the average and extreme values and analysis of solutions of selected sub-part of the problem were used as a method. Based on the information, it is possible to identify the main problems and analyze possible solutions. The first problem is the rapid population growth, when the number of people on the planet could more than double by the end of the century. Furthermore, the asymmetry of this growth, with the largest share of the population explosion to the poorest regions, whose young age structure prevents the stabilization of population growth in short term. Also the European continent is affected by the population aging, which causes the gradual extinction of the local peoples. There is no comprehensive solution to these problems. Nevertheless, partial steps will gradually improve the situation and may achieve some improvements.
|
|
|
The Implications of Family Planning Policies on the Growth of Chinese Economy
Skořepová, Kateřina ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hnát, Pavel (referee)
Apart from rapid economic growth, China has also experienced significant demographic changes over the past few decades. The People's Republic of China's family planning policies led to a sharp drop in the fertility rate. This MS Thesis aims to assess the possible consequences of the family planning policies on future growth of Chinese economy. The theoretical part defines population policy, assess the connections between population growth and economic growth and deals with the development of population theory over the years. The analytical part describes the family planning policy in China, its principles and instruments. Next it identifies the possible consequences of the demographic changes caused by the drop in fertility rate. The last part of the thesis focuses on two economically most severe consequences - population ageing and shrinking working age population - and evaluates its implications on future growth of Chinese economy.
|
|
|
Měření vybraných faktorů životní úrovně
Sýkorová, Kateřina
This thesis deals with identification and analysis of ways to measure the healthcare factor affecting living standards. The first part is the study of expert publications and databases, examining international organizations and identification of ways to measure selected categories of healthcare factors. Identified indicators are then analyzed using in-depth interviews with experts in the field of healthcare. Regression analysis was performed for selected indicators, which is crucial in assessing the degree to which the indicator explains the standard of living. The last part based on established methodology evaluates current situation in healthcare in relation to the standard of living in the Czech republic.
|
|
|
Populační růst v Nigérii a jeho vlivy na lidský rozvoj
Řezáčová, Lucie
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to determine mutual effects of population growth and human development in Nigeria and to analyse mutual relationships among education, health, income, and population growth. The first theoretical part is focused on the general description of demographic and development determinants. In the second part dependencies and effects of the indicators of the recent demographic and human development situation in Nigeria are based on regression and correlation analyses. On the basis of these analyses, obtained results are discussed and evaluated followed by a possible recommendation to better ensure the current situation in the country.
|
|
|
Japanese economy by the end of tokugawa shogunate
Pinta, Ondřej ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This work focuses on the analysis of the Japanese economy during the last phase of the tokugawa shogunate. Japanese economy in this time has shifted towards the upcoming industrialization and its character has been changing as a whole. Considering these conditions I analyze the impact of various factors on the people's wealth. I examine consequences of division between classes, clans and by individual types of government. In this work I describe them and set in context. I also show that Japan during this time has come close to modern countries in the terms of population growth. The reason is that the increments in the production haven't been fully transferred into increases in population. In this work I also describe change in the form of production growth. It has changed to increasing productivity rather than expansion of arable land. In the end I come to the conclusion that by the end of Tokugawa era, basis for rapid future growth has been laid.
|
|
|
Challenges for the Republic of Yemen in the 21st century.
Sadovenková, Ľubica ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis aims to take a closer look at fundamental problematic areas of Yemeni society, carries out their deeper analysis and identifies the root causes. It deals specifically with human capital from quantitative(demographic trends) as well as qualitative perspective (level of human development) and analyses current political and security situation. The thesis focuses also on the natural resources -- water and oil, their depletion and estimated available amounts. Yemen will likely become the first country ever to run out of underground water resources. A combination of natural dispositions, economy orientation and technology level could possibly lead to the first humanitarian disaster of its kind. In terms of oil production, Yemen is a small exporter on the global level, however the public finance together with public services provision are on the sector highly depended.
|
|
|
Optimization in systems of biological populations
Hašek, Pavel ; Chrobok, Viktor (advisor) ; Černý, Michal (referee)
This paper deals with optimization in systems of biological populations adjusted to harvesting. First, a description, behavior and evolution over time in basic models of Malthus, Verhulst and Gompertz, is solved in case of not harvesting and then harvesting. There are two options for harvesting, continuous and discrete harvesting. In case of continuous harvesting we have two ways how to harvest,with constant yield and constant effort. With simplifying assumptions it is possible to combine continuous and discrete model in the form of profit function for the harvesting and also gives us ability to implement harvesting costs. For profit-seeking function is best solved using numerical methods with model examples with help of the Maple solver. The last chapter is devoted to the introduction of interest to the harvesting models.
|
|
|
(Ne)účinnost pronatalitní populační politiky v teorii a praxi
Janeček, Stanislav ; Antoš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Stočková, Olga (referee)
Úhrnná plodnost v České republice a ostatních rozvinutých státech Evropy nedosahuje úrovně potřebné pro obnovu populace, na což vlády reagují nastavováním pronatalitní populační politiky. Model rodinnotvorného chování lidí je analyzován skrze učení Garyho S. Beckera. Práce se také snaží přiblížit teorém Thomase Malthuse a jeho následovníků, kteří na populační růst pohlížejí jako na negativní jev. Následně je prováděn empirický a teoretický rozbor účinnosti populační politiky státu. Téma práce se teritoriálně zaměřuje na prostředí České republiky, proto jsou zkoumány historické determinanty plodnosti ve 20. století a v současnosti. Praktickou část práce završuje podrobná analýza provedeného dotazníkového šetření, které tak předkládá aktuální rozbor postojů žen ke svému reprodukčnímu chování.
|
|
|
Can population growth contribute to economic growth of the country?
Rauschová, Lenka ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Mládek, Josef (referee)
A statement of Harvard economists about the impact of demographic variables on the East Asian economic growth, often called "economic miracle", raised many discussions about the sources of economic growth. In this work, I focus on the historical development of the mainstream opinions on the field of demographic-economic relations and the role of the demographic characteristics in the economic growth models. This paper uses graphics tools to analyse the changes in mortality, fertility, dependecy ratios and age structures in four Asian countries (Hongkong, Singapore, South Korea and Japan). These demographics values prepared the basis for their rapid economic development. I compare empirical results of Kelley and Schmidt model, Bloom model and Mishra model to make a conclusion of what is the impact of demographic variables on the economic growth and how they contribute to the total economic growth. Finally, I draw the attention to the macroeconomic interventions with detailed focus on domestic savings, labour market flexibility and human capital investments.
|
guest ::
