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Organization of nutrition care in homes for the elderly
Konopická, Olga ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
This thesis deals with the organization of nutrition care in homes for the elderly. The thesis itself is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on social services, age and changes connected with it, nutrition of the elderly, evaluation of nutritional status and accreditation of nutritional care. In the last part of the theoretical part I deal with the international project NutritionDay worldwide. NDay's vision is to minimize malnutrition in institutional care patients through the systematic collection and analysis of nutritional status data in healthcare facilities around the world. The aim of the practical part of this thesis is to describe the organization of nutritional care in individual facilities and find out the nutritional status of clients in individual facilities by participating in the project nutritionDay worldwide 2018 (nDay) and comparing it with other facilities in the world. A partial objective was to find out the awareness of employees in the nursing section about the organization of nutritional care in their institution and also to obtain more detailed information about nutritional care in individual institutions. To the project nDay held on 15. 11. 2018 were involved three facilities, which I have labeled 1, 2 and 3 for the sake of...
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Clinical reality - nutritional screening and nutritional status.
Mikhaylova, Olga ; Meisnerová, Eva (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Tereza (referee)
(v AJ) Malnutrition is serious problem, increases patient morbidity and mortality. It is important to find patients at risk of malnutrition in time to start nutritional support. Nutritional screening should be clear, simple and easy to find as many individuals as possible at risk of malnutrition. Current nutritional screenings - NRS 2002, MUST, MNA that we use in clinical practice fail. The topic of my bachelor thesis is the evaluation of nutritional screening on the internal separation of unselected internal income. The aim of my bachelor thesis was to evaluate nutritional screening of NRS 2002 recommended for nutritional screening of adult patients in ESPEN guidelines and new GLIM criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the issue of malnutrition. It focuses on the causes and mechanisms of formation, consequences and diagnosis of malnutrition. Existing nutritional screening, its structure, use in practice and results of studies comparing its effectiveness are described in more detail. The pivotal point of the theoretical part is the introduction of the new GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition from 2018. The practical part deals with the main objective of which is to compare the results of the evaluation of nutritional status of hospitalized...
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The assessment of nutritional status in the comprehensive diagnosis and management of geriatric frailty
Klbíková, Tereza ; Topinková, Eva (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
Objectives: The aim of this non-interventional observational study was to determine the prevalence of frailty in a cohort of 200 elderly patients and its correlation and dependence in relation to nutritional status and to evaluate the correlation of the items in the MNA - SF and SPPB test batteries and determine whether the weight loss is related to poor results in the evaluation of geriatric frailty, and to evaluate whether cognitive function affects nutritional status and if nutritional status in such circumstances affects subjects' self- sufficiency. Methods: Data was sourced from the results of standardized tests in Comprehensive Geriatric, Assessment, CGA at the 1. LF UK Geriatric Clinic, which include the assessment of selfsufficiency (ADL) and condition (SPPB), cognitive functions (MMSE) and the assessment of nutritional status (MNA - SF). Patients were also measured for bodyweight, height and BMI. Results: The study included a total of 200 patients, of whom 46 (23%) were men and 154 women (77%). Geriatric frailty was diagnosed in 59.5% of patients, with 21.5% of patients being classified as "pre-frailty" and 19 % of good physical condition. In this group 15.5% of patients were malnourished, 37.5% were at risk of malnutrition and 47 % were in a good nutritional condition. A statistically...
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Sense of nutrition care in institutions for the seniors
Husová, Kristýna ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Šnejdrlová, Michaela (referee)
Malnutrition is a common and not fully revealed clinical problem in facilities for the elderly. Despite significant medical advances it remains an important and highly prevalent public health problem in developed countries. An early identification and appropriate nutritional support can help stop malnutrition and the negative consequences associated with poor nutritional condition. The risk of malnutrition increases with age and low levels of proper care. This thesis presents the findings of the situation of nutritional care in selected homes for the elderly through participation on NutritionDay Worldwide 2015 (nDay), which is compared to results in the world. It summarizes the knowledge about the individual organization and provision of nutritional care in selected homes. To the project nDay, held on 11/19 2015, home for the elderly in Kolín, home for the elderly PRAGOM CS, s r. o. in Pňov-Předhradí and a social care home Hagibor in Prague were involved. Respondents of these homes make up 9.4% of respondents in the Czech Republic. The result is that three selected facilities, which are compared with similar ones in the world, have a higher incidence of malnutrition. In the individual comparison of individual homes with other homes in the world, PRAGOM CS, s r. o. in Pňov-Předhradí and home for the elderly...
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Eating Disorders - Causes, Treatment Options and Help
Rudolf, David ; Nová, Monika (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
Title of the bachelor's thesis: Eating Disorders - Causes, Treatment Options and Help Author: David Rudolf The bachelor's thesis focuses on eating disorders, especially on anorexia nervosa. It describes the causes leading to the disease, symptoms and features, risk factors as well as the dangers of diets and their consequences. It sums up standard treatments, contemporary options of specialized treatments, advisory, help and various forms of therapy. It mentions ways and possibilities of the family support, focuses on questions of eating disorder prevention in family and at school. This thesis includes the description of the two particular cases of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the analysis of causes and symptoms of the pathological eating behaviour leading to the origin of the disorder. Options of treatment and steps needed to the solution of the situation of the people concerned have been suggested, as well as the optimal way of therapy proposed by an expert. This thesis presents the problem of eating disorders as a contemporary topical matter, brings attention to the danger that is omnipresent with this sinister strain and stresses the necessity of more complex public information and prevention.
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GM crops and the third world
Andrová, Julie ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (referee)
The inhabitants of the Third World have to deal with problems such as population explosion, undernourishment, poverty and morbidity. The Green Revolution saved millions of people from hunger through the introduction of specially bred varieties of cereal in combination with mineral fertilization. The transition from the Green Revolution to the Genetic Revolution, which consists in the introduction of transgenic crops prepared using genetic engineering techniques, could represent the future for developing countries. The work deals with the issue of transgenic crops in developing countries. The first part deals with problems of the Third World, the second part with transgenic crops, specifically the preparation process of these crops, their present and potential use in developing countries and potential risks. The third part includes analysis of the Framework Education Programme for Secondary General Education and analysis of selected textbooks.
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Problem of the undernourishment and the food water resources
Polzová, Tereza ; Kuna, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The main focus of the final thesis are the problems related to the problem of undernourishment in affected
regions of the world, sea fishing and aquaculture.
In the beginning, the definition of the food problem in the world is introduced. The potential contribution of proteins from the sea production to human dietary is emphasized. Further, the exponential population growth is mentioned, influencing the future development and the food problem itself.
The second part of thesis is dedicated to fisheries and aquaculture. The importance and benefits of sea water resources as well as aquaculture is mentioned from the nutritional and livelihood point of view. Sea management and international regulations are playing
crucial role in the sustainability of the fisheries stocks. These are needed to eliminate the problems of fisheries and aquaculture and the degradation of sea ecosystems due to unsuitable fishing techniques.
At the end of the thesis a summary of all important information is listed. Followed
by possible solutions of these global problems.
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The food problem in Latin America
Ahrafenina, Kseniia ; Kuna, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part is devoted to the concepts and causes of food problem in general. In the practical part was given the social, geographic and economic characteristics of Latin America. Also was analysed the food problem in Latin America and were made suggests how to improve the food problem in this region.
Currently, the food problem is a very hot topic in the world as well as in some regions. Hunger and poverty are socio-economic problems, which combine with the food problem. There are many different causes of food problem. All causes can be separated into two groups: causes related to human activity and unrelated. The main causes associated with human activities are causes of population, poverty, religious causes, political conflicts, and the causes associated with nature: global warming and soil degradation. Natural causes unrelated to human activity have the primary influence on agricultural production. Various natural disasters and climate change can not be affected by people.
In order to solve the food problem requires the intervention of international organizations for providing financial and food assistance to those affected countries. A major role in the solution this issue plays mutual cooperation between countries around the world.
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The Horn of Africa food crisis
Viazanková, Zuzana ; Kuna, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
This work focuses on the Horn of Africa food crisis. The food problem is one of the largest and oldest problems of mankind. This problem is closely related to the problem of hunger and poverty. Lack of access to food, raw materials and water is reflected in higher tension and violence, which then results in various conflicts. The work provides a theoretical basis for this problem. The following section describes the causes of the food problem, such as population growth, lack of education, land degradation, climate change, natural disasters and the like. The practical part is focused on the analysis of statistical data on demographics, economics, poverty, foreign aid, foreign trade and agriculture of the Horn of Africa. In the last part of the thesis, there are outlined possible solutions of undesirable situation in which the Somali peninsula is located, among them an increase in the population's education, stabilization of population, the development of agriculture, change of ownership of the soil, economic growth, integration groupings and food programs.
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Potravinová bezpečnost jako jedna z priorit Afriky
Cieślarová, Šárka
This diploma thesis deals with the degree of undernourishment in the region of Sub Saharan Africa and focuses on the concept of food security and Millennium Development Goals. The initial theoretical part addresses the definition of the concept of Food security, Hunger and Undernourishment. The practical part analyses the fulfilment rate of the first millennium goal, dealing with the number of undernourished people in the countries of Sub Saharan Africa. Furthermore, this diploma thesis presents cluster analysis, which divides the Sub Saharan countries into five groups, corresponding with similar developing trends.
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