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Mate choice based on olfactory imprinting-like effect
Kuncová, Lucie ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Špinka, Marek (referee)
Previous studies have shown that women choose partners resembling their fathers in various characteristics. However, none of the studies have focused on woman's father-partner body odour similarity, even though body odour plays an important role in mate choice. The main aim of our study was to test whether the woman's father and partner body odour is similar and whether the rating of this similarity was affected by the body odour's intensity and pleasantness. Further, we wanted to know whether the quality of woman's relationship with her father during her childhood influences the body odour similarity. We also tested the effect of woman's father-partner body odour similarity on sexual and relationship satisfaction. Twenty-five women with their fathers and partners participated in the study. Every respondent completed a set of questionnaires, in addition, fathers and partners provided samples of their body odours. Body odour similarity was rated by independent female raters (N=128). According to the results of our study, body odour of woman's father and partner is significantly similar. The body odour was also similar in intensity and pleasantness. The quality of woman's relationship with her father does not affect woman's father-partner body odour similarity. Nevertheless, this similarity...
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Effect of hormonal contraception use during relationship formation on subsequent relationship satisfaction
Fiurašková, Kateřina ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Pastor, Zlatko (referee)
Results of previous studies testing the influence of oral contraceptives on relationship satisfaction have produced mixed results. These discrepancies might be explained by the "Congruency hypothesis", which predicts that relationship satisfaction is determined by the congruency (or non-congruency) between current use of oral contraceptives and their use during relationship formation. This is because oral contraceptives appear to alter women's mate preferences, so that attraction to their partner may have changed in non-congruent women. Indeed, previous studies have shown that women in a non-congruent state were less sexually satisfied with their partner, even though they were more generally satisfied in the non- sexual aspects of the relationship. The aim of our study was to test the congruency hypothesis on two groups of couples (couples attending the Center of Assisted Reproduction, and a comparison group of pregnant women and their partners; note that in neither group were women currently using oral contraception). Based on previous studies, we expected that women who used oral contraceptives at the time of relationship formation would report lower sexual satisfaction with their partner than women who were non-users during relationship formation. The study involved a total of 660 couples from...
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Influence of dominance on partner satisfaction in long-term homosexual and heterosexual couples
Breslerová, Kateřina ; Bártová, Klára (advisor) ; Průšová, Denisa (referee)
Recent studies propose two theories explaining the particular mechanisms of mate choice. Theory of homogamy suggests that individuals prefer partners with personality traits similar to their own. In contrast, theory of complementarity states that people choose mates with opposite personality traits. The main aims of this study were i) to test homogamy and complementarity of dominance in long-term heterosexual and homosexual male couples and ii) to examine whether this similarity predicts higher relationship satisfaction. We also tested whether heterosexual couples differ from same-sex couples in the level of assessed homogamy. Dominance was measured in four different domains: dominance as a personal trait, dominance in social groups, partner dominance and sexual dominance. The research sample consisted of 76 male heterosexuals (mean age 24, SD = 4) and their long-term partners (mean age 22, SD = 3.34) and 36 male homosexuals (mean age 30, SD = 8.25) and their long- term partners (mean age 29, SD = 6.99). All participants completed anonymous set of questionnaires (International Personality Item Pool (IPIP), Rank Style With Peers Questionnaire (RSPQ), Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS), along with a questionnaire focused on sexual dominance, and Spanier's test of dyadic adjustment). Our findings...
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Attachment in couple relationship and in marriage: Applications of Attachment theory and research in psychotherapy
Komárková, Soňa ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Loneková, Katarína (referee)
This study examine the attachment in couple relationship and in marriage. Based on theoretical models of attachment the study works empirically with a 2-factor concept of adult attachment. The main theme is the applications of Attachment theory and research in individual and couple therapy. This study deals with selected components of the relationship aspects of adult attachment. Another important issue is the interrelationship between the adult attachment and relationship satisfaction. The work proposes a Czech translation of questionnaires Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised and the Couples Satisfaction Index and uses them in a research. Quantitative research was conducted on a sample of 258 respondents; 49 of them were clients of marriage counselling or psychotherapy practice. Statistical analysis showed significant correlation between the factors of attachment (Anxiety and Avoidance) and relationship satisfaction. The strongest correlation was found between satisfaction and anxiety. The results agree with the theory of attachment confirming that more securely attached individuals are more satisfied in a relationship than those less securely attached. Key words: adult attachment, couple relationship, coule therapy, individual psychotherapy, marriage, marital satisfaction, relationship...
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The Relation Between Facial Similarity of Long-Term Couples and Overall and Sexual Satisfaction in the Relationship
Ubryová, Monika ; Klapilová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Varella Valentova, Jaroslava (referee)
4 Abstract The Relation Between Facial Similarity of Long-Term Couples and Overall and Sexual Satisfaction in the Relationship Results suggest that people tend to choose a partner based on the theory of positive assortative mating (Penton-Voak et al., 1999b). According to this theory, individuals prefer partners with physical and mental characteristics similar to theirs. Preference for facial similarities among partners was confirmed in some studies (Hinsz, 1989; Bereczkei et al., 2004). Other studies suggest that facial resemblance evokes a feeling of familiarity and confidence, but excludes mutual attraction (De Bruine, 2004). The aim of this study was to determine whether facial similarity of long-term partners is related to the overall and sexual satisfaction in the relationship. During the final session of cohabiting relationship research (Klapilová et al., 2006 - 2009) both members of 50 long-term couples completed questionnaires assessing their overall satisfaction (Dyadic Adjustment Scale), sexual satisfaction (Hurlbert Index of Sexual Compatibility), and facial photographs of partners were taken. Then 80 participants judged the similarity of standardized facial photographs of long-term partners. Then, using a regression analysis and LMM analysis the relation between rated couples similarity and...
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Influence of homogamy and complementarity on partner choice in homosexual individuals.
Bártová, Klára ; Varella Valentova, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee)
Recent studies show that both physical and personality characteristics influence mate choice. Two theories explaining particular mechanisms of mate choice were proposed. Theory of homogamy suggests that individuals prefer partners with similar personality traits as they have. In contrast, theory of complementarity states that people choose mates with opposite personality traits. Main aim of the current study was to test homogamy and complementarity of personality traits in long-term same-sex male couples. The research sample consisted of 40 male homosexuals (mean age 24.2, SD = 4.6) and their long-term partners (mean age 27.4, SD = 5.2). All participants completed anonymous set of questionnaires (NEO-FFI, Spanier's test of dyadic adjustment, questionnaire focused on gender diagnosticy and revised sociosexuality orientation inventory) Each questionnaire was evaluated separately. The individual scores of participants and his partner was compared by correlational analyses. Then, we using a correlation and ANOVA analyses between couples similarity and results of Dyadic Adjustment Scale was tested. Findings showed that greater couple similarity in BMI and weight indicates higher satisfaction in the partnership. The results also showed that homosexual couples were similar in age, occupation, level of...
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Attachment in couple relationship and in marriage
Komárková, Soňa ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee)
This study examine the interrelationship between the attachment in relationship and in marriage and relationship satisfaction. Based on theoretical models of attachment the study works empirically with a 2-factor concept of adult attachment. It deals with selected components of the relationship aspects of adult attachment. Another important issue is the relationship satisfaction. The work proposes a Czech translation of questionnaires Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised and the Couples Satisfaction Index and uses them in a research. Quantitative research was conducted on a sample of 258 respondents. 49 of them were clients of marriage counselling or psychotherapy practice. Statistical analysis showed significant correlation between the factors of attachment (Anxiety and Avoidance) and relationship satisfaction. The strongest correlation was found between satisfaction and anxiety. The results confirm the theory of attachment, according to which more securely attached individuals are more satisfied in a relationship than those less securely attached. The factors of attachment have proved to be better predictors of relationship satisfaction than age, gender or type of relationship (couple relationship / marriage). Key words: adult attachment, couple relationship, marriage, marital satisfaction,...
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The connectivity between emotional intelligence and partner satisfaction
VENDLOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis deals with the connectivity between emotional intelligence and partner satisfaction. The theoretical part is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the emergence of the construct of emotional intelligence, on the definition of this term and on the theoretical basis of emotional intelligence. Also there is a chapter dedicated to emotions. The second part is devoted to partner satisfaction. The author defines this term and occupies with the various determinants of partner satisfaction. The last part of the theoretical work focuses on the role of emotions and emotional intelligence in the partnership and on the importance of individual competencies of emotional intelligence in partnership with their influence on partner satisfaction. In the empirical part, the author examines whether there is or not a relationship between the level of emotional intelligence and level of partner satisfaction among individuals (n = 178) and among couple (N = 89). Three hypotheses were constructed, the third one consisted of two parts. All hypotheses were supported by the given results.
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