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Motor imitation as a precondition for self-care skills for children with autism spectrum disorders
Prucková, Kateřina ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (referee)
The thesis deals with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in terms of their ethology and diagnostic criteria. The theoretical part further describes development of terminology of these disorders and historical concept of care of individuals with Autism. Included are also categories of disabilities and their symptoms. Another chapter discusses the specifics of self-help skills of children with Autism and characterizes motor development of preschool children with an emphasis on motor imitation, as one of the sub-kinetic abilities. The aim of the research work is to analyse the degree of influence of motor imitation on the development of self-help skills of children with Autism. It focuses on evaluation of the developmental level of the respondent's self-help skills and its development influenced by intensive imitation training. Determination of the actual developmental level allows easier orientation within self-help skills that can be practiced with the child. Their list is located in the attachments. Further research clarifies what techniques were the most successful during motor imitation training. KEYWORD Autism spectrum disorders, pervasive developmental disorder, triad of impairments, motor development, motor imitation, self-help skills.
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Specifics of motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder
Kudrnová, Terezie ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Maršáková, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Specifics of motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to summarize the accessible literary sources about possibilities of early diagnostic of autism spectrum disorders, characteristic features of motor development and presence of movement and other abnormalities during early development in children who were later diagnosed with some disorder of autism spectrum. Methods: The study is divided into two main parts. In the first part, general information about autism spectrum disorders is presented. The ethiopatogenesis, characteristic features and different types of autism spectrum disorders are described. The second, descriptively analitical part, contains a brief description and resume of many studies, which deal with early identification of autism spectrum disorder, with examination of features of autism spectrum disorder in early development and motor abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder or high risk infants. Results: The results of this study indicate, that there are differences in social behaviour, motor development and specific autistic features already in the early development of children later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Among motor abnormalities in early development in this children there are...
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The Level of Postural Maturation of Children in Athletic-preparatory Schools
Janečková, Terezie ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Červinka, Pavel (referee)
Title: The Level of Postural Maturation of Children in Athletic-preparatory Schools Author: Terezie Janečková Objective: There are more and more athletic-preparatory schools in athletic units and clubs nowadays. Athletic-preparatory school means a group of five or six-year-old children with one or two training lessons per week. Czech athletic association wants to spread an interest in athletics among parents and their children, to find athletic talents as soon as possible and develop them by this way. The recruitment of children at this age already exists in many sports, but it is new in athletics in the Czech Republic. But that does not go for everyone that this sport training at preschool age is the appropriate and healthy way for a child motor development. I would like to evaluate the influence of athletic-preparatory schools on the child motor development. Due to the fact that there are no tests to apply for this purpose in literaure, we have to compose our own set of tests, which are used in physiotherapy. The theoretic part of the work is a bibliographic search of accessible information about postural maturation and motor development. The experimental part of the work is an evaluation of the level of postural maturation of children in athletic-preparatory schools before their start of regular...
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Motor skills exhibited by three year old children diagnosed with SGA.
Macečková, Silvie ; Zounková, Irena (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
Bibliographic identification Author's first name and surname: Silvie Macečková, BA. Title of the master thesis: Motor skills exhibited by three year old children diagnosed with SGA. Department: Department of physiotherapy Supervisor: PaedDr. Irena Zounková, Ph.D. The year of presentation: 2018 Abstract This thesis is focused on the issue of children with a history of low birth for gestational age (SGA) in relation to motor problems. Its theoretical part summarizes the specifics of the development of these individuals and defines the problems of terminology and classification. It deals with the risks associated with early postnatal periods and long-term complications with metabolic and neurological impacts. The target of this study was to find out whether motor disorders are more common in children with a history of SGA (IUGR) than those of general population. The test group and the general population group underwent kinesiological examination by aspects and a battery of MABC-2 tests. This hypothesis has not been proven. In addition, the thesis aimed to evaluate the possible link between the motor manifestation at the early age and the age of two and three years. Final data from kinesiological examination, case history data, BSID II test results, and MABC- 2 battery tests were used for this purpose....
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Motor development after repeated dosing of AMPA receptors antagonist in laboratory rats
Hanzalová, Jitka ; Mareš, Pavel (advisor) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
Substance IEM 1460 is an antagonist of AMPA receptors in the brain. It is a derivative of adamantine, which has already been tested in several studies as a potential age-related anticonvulsant. In the research part of the thesis there is a summary of the knowledge about receptors, focusing on AMPA receptors, IEM 1460, epilepsy and ontogenetic development of laboratory rat. The research section evaluates the effect of IEM 1460 on motor skills of a rat in a few postnatal days of its life. To evaluate spontaneous animal motor skills, Open-Field tracking was used, and several specific tests were used to evaluate provoked motor skills. A total of 30 animals were included in the research. Substances (IEM 1460 at 3 mg / kg, IEM 1460 at 10 mg / kg or 2 ml / kg saline) were infused intraperitoneally on five consecutive days (ages P7-P11) and the animals were repeatedly tested at age 12, 15, 18, 21, 25, 31 and 60 days. In this study, IEM 1460 has not been shown to have significant effect on the gross rat motor skills and therefore the substance remains as a serious candidate for age-specific antiepileptic drugs.
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The evaluation of gross motor function and coordination in primary school children
Kuběnová, Jana ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Title: The evaluation of gross motor function and coordination in primary school children Defining the issue: The physical activity and sport are highly discussed topics in current time. The physical activity itself has a positive effect on our body in many ways, on the contrary the lack of it has a negative effect. In the younger school age there should be a diversity of physical activity and it should often vary. If, in this period of age, the physical activity would be in the form of specialized sport training with dominant asymetric load without any compensating activity, the effect of that training would be probably negative and even harming for the growing body of young children, who are not prepared for that type of burden. To ensure an adequate development of specific skills and gaits the appropriate level of gross motor function and coordination is required. The evaluation of such movement features after reaching bipedal locometion is mediocre at best and the current test batteries are limited in application. For these reasons the goal was to create new battery of tests and use it to evaluate the gross motor function and coordination in primary school children and assessment of the impact of gender and extracurricular activity on the results. The purpose of the study: The purpose of this...
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Motoric development of a blind child in pre-school age
Smržová, Jitka ; Zounková, Irena (advisor) ; Syslová, Jana (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Motor development of a blind child in preschool age" sums up the knowledge of motor development of congenitally blind children in the period from birth to entering primary school. Main stress is laid on the preschool age, which means the age of child approximately from three to six years. In addition to motor development, there are also mentioned general characteristics of visually impaired children and the differences from sighted children. The final part of the thesis deals with the care of blind children in the Czech Republic, possibilities of consultant service, support of motor development and other spheres, which the complex care should include. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The influence of perinatal hypoxia on motoric development on laboratory rat and means of therapy
Vachovcová, Sylva ; Mareš, Pavel (advisor) ; Stuchlík, Aleš (referee)
Severe perinatal hypoxia represents a substantial brain injury in human newborns. This Diploma thesis is focused on long-term motor outcome of laboratory rat after moderate perinatal hypoxia. We described some behavioral test for detection motor development and presented the influence of perinatal hypoxia on central nervous system. We also discussed an effect of agonists and antagonists of adenosine A1 receptor in brain. The aim of an experimental part was an evaluation of long-term motor behavior in rats affected by perinatal hypoxia. To cause perinatal hypoxia we put pregnant female rats to a hypoxic (10% O2) normobaric room in 11th day of their gestation. The pregnant female rats stayed in hypoxic room until they gave a birth and 6 more days after birth with their litters. For classification of motor development we used battery of tests of motor coordination. These tests correspond to the level of development of the rat. Then a group of rats with perinatal hypoxia was treated by a single administration of an agonist of adenosine A1 receptor 2-chloro-N(6)- cyclopentyladenosin (CCPA) in postnatal day 14. The animals affected by perinatal hypoxia show motor deficits in 3 from 4 selected behavioral tests. Otherwise, this motor behavior was no longer detected in young adults. The rats affected by...
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Possible influencing the motor performance of developing rats by repeated administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist specific for NR2 subunit
Kozlová, Lucie ; Mareš, Pavel (advisor) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
Nonspecific NMDA receptor antagonists induce hyperlocomotion in rats. The aim of this work is to determine whether the NMDA receptor antagonist specific for NR2 subunit exhibit similar negative effect as nonspecific antagonists. This subunit is predominant in the brain in the early postnatal period. The introduction summarizes the data on NMDA receptors and the development of rat. The experimental part deals with the action of a specific NMDA receptor antagonist Ro 25-6981 on motor performance of developing rats. Substance was repeatedly administered to rats at postnatal days 7 to 11. Spontaneous locomotion and motor performance of the animals were repeatedly tested up to adulthood by battery of tests appropriate for individual ages. Our research demonstrated that this substance does not have significant effect on motor system of laboratory rat and that it might be further tested as a possible age-bound antiepileptic drug.
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