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skeletal adaptations for bipedal locomotion and its possible effect on knee joint injuries
Karban, Tomáš ; Kautzner, Jakub (advisor) ; Hora, Martin (referee)
The subject of this Bachelor's Thesis is the change of locomotor pattern in human ancestors, which led to habitual bipedalism and associated skeletal adaptations, that changed functions of specific body parts. The main focus is on adaptations that adjusted the function of the knee joint, either directly by changing the anatomical structure in the knee area, or indirectly, for example, by increasing the tension in muscles or tendons due to weight transfer to the lower limb. Given adaptations are then a criterion for evaluating possible influence on typical knee injuries in modern human. Key words Bipedalism, locomotion, human, chimpanzee, injury, knee joint, knee, adaptation, evolution, anatomy
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Evaluation and setting of standards of conventional ratio of flexors and extensors of knee of young athletes
Ižovská, Jana ; Zahálka, František (advisor) ; Džupa, Valér (referee) ; Zahradník, David (referee)
Title: Evaluation and determination of standard ratio of extensors and flexors of the knee in sporting youth. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to establish the standards of the force ratio H: Q for the youth football categories U16, U17, U18, U19, U21 and adult players of the Czech Republic and based on the prescription type of study to establish a percentage critical disbalance of dynamic knee stabilizers which may be the most common cause of injuries to dynamic or static knee joint stabilizers in soccer players. Methods: The monitored group of players consisted of football players playing in elite Czech football clubs, both in youth and senior categories, who meet the predetermined selection criteria. The isokinetic strength parameters were monitored using a Cybex Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex NORM ®, Humac, CA, USA). We investigated maximum strength moment (PT) of extensors and knee flexors of dominant and non-dominant limb at concentric contraction at angular velocities of 60, 180 and 300ř.s-1 . Then we watched the players wounded. If the injury occurred, then we looked back at its strength characteristics and the strength ratio between the extensors and flexors of the knees and whether it was possible to predict the injury and determine the critical level that indicates the...
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Evaluation of stability, sensorimotor and symmetry of football players after ACL reconstruction by MFT S3 tool
Otto, Šimon ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Malý, Tomáš (referee)
Theme: Evaluation of stability, sensorimotor and symmetry of football players after ACL reconstruction by MFT S3 tool. Student: Bc. Simon Otto Supervisor: PhDr. Ales Kaplan, PhD. Aims: The aim of the diploma thesis is evaluation of stability, sensorimotor and symmetry of chosen group of football players (n=4) after ACL injury by MFT S3 check test. Methodology: The level of stability, sensorimotor and symmetry was measured by MFT S3 tool and then evaluated with activities during the recondition season. Results: The study proved that some activities are more or less suitable for development of stability and sensorimotor. The biggest positive effect had special workouts aimed for tight muscles and the knee joint. The lowest values were measured after the run and football trainings when the stability and the sensorimotor were impaired. The values were higher in sagittal plane due the preferable sagittal movement used during the football matches. It is important to realize that the recondition process is needs to be lead individually for every athlete after ACL surgery because there is not any universal methodological procedure. Key words: Stability, sensorimotor, symmetry, injury, knee, ACL, football, recondition.
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis: the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint reconstruction
Hájek, Tomáš ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis: the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint reconstruction. Objective: Summary of theoretical knowledge and processing of study reports of a patient with the diagnosis: the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint reconstruction. Abstract: This thesis consists of two parts. The general section includes anatomical and biomechanical aspects of anterior cruciate ligament, as well as epidemiology, diagnosis, the most common causes and treatment of rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. The special section includes the case study regarding the physiotherapy treatment of the patient. Therapy was focused mainly on the patient's knee joint stability restoration. The case study was prepared at the time of the author's practice, from 14th February to 2nd March 2011, at the ambulance department of the Regional hospital in Kladno. The Ethics Committee expressed its positive attitude towards the case study. The original version can be found in the Annex, as well as the informed consent template. The signed original of the consent is in the author's possession. Keywords: Ligamentum cruciatum anterior, knee joint, anatomy, biomechanics, instability, rupture, damage.
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of Closed Patella Fracture
Caliskaner, Umit ; Hojková, Klára (advisor) ; Puchmeltrová, Martina (referee)
Title: A Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of Closed Patella Fracture Thesis Aim: This thesis involves a case study on physiotherapeutic approach to a 35 year old male with closed patella fracture, 8 weeks after incident. This case study was conducted in the month of January of 2012 at Ústřední Vojenská Nemocnice under the supervision of physiotherapist Martina Puchmertlova. Materials used during this study include treatment table, measurement tape, neurological hammer, goniometer, overball, various sized pillows, and balance boards of different shape. The theoretical part aims to explain anatomical structure, biomechanics, kinesiology and etiology of this type of fractures. While the practical part refers to the case study; the examinations used and the effectiveness of the therapy with the approaches used. Methods: The therapy started with initial kinesiological examination. Along with the therapeutic methods taught at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, the chosen procedures included: post isometric relaxation and stretching by Lewit, soft tissues techniques by Lewit, sensomotoric training and mobilization by Lewit. Lastly final kinesiological examination was conducted. To enhance the effects of the therapy, the patient has been in addition required to perform home therapies as...
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Estimating Human Movement Using Accelerometers
Matula, Tomáš ; Růžička, Richard (referee) ; Dobai, Roland (advisor)
Tato práce je zaměřena na analýzu lidského pohybu, zejména měření úhlu kolena, co je důležité především při procesu rehabilitace u pacientů s protézy kolenního kloubu nebo po operaci. Pro měření IMU - inerciální měřící jednotky od firmy Xsens jsou použité, přičemž pouze data z 3-osého akcelerometru a gyroskopu jsou zahrnuty. Vhodné umístění jednotek je vybráno, jakož i metody pro kalibraci a následný výpočet úhlu ze zaznamenaných dat. Tyhle metody jsou implementovány a experimentálně ověřeny. Experimenty ukazují, že výsledky jsou docela přesné, a toto řešení je použitelné při analýze pacientů například provedením monitorování chůze.
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