|
|
Analýza nabídky trvalek na českém trhu
Koluchová, Lucie
Analysis of perennials on Czech market covering sellers with the biggest variety of goods. Merchants were selected from pereny.org website. Main objective was making a list of all perennials offered and assessing their properties like colour, height, time of bloom and sunlight requirements. All data were written down to tables and processed to graphs interpreting richness of the species following mentioned criteria. Finally, all offered goods were critically evaluated based on all gardeners needs.
|
|
|
The Jizera Mountains Peatbogs as a Model Biotope for Teaching Ecology
Marelová, Tereza ; Soldán, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
The main topic of the bachelor's thesis is the Jizera Mountains peatlands and their use in teaching ecology. The aim of the thesis is to summarize information about the bog as a biotope and use it practically in teaching biology. The thesis is divided into two main parts - the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part is divided into two chapters. The first chapter introduces the reader to the peatlands of the Protected Landscape Area of the Jizera Mountains and focuses on the legal demarcation of protected areas. It describes in more detail the local flora and fauna and the definition of the origin, development, importance and use of peat as well as the negative consequences of the extraction of this raw material and the subsequent protection of these areas as a unique natural biotope for many organisms. The second chapter introduces the reader to the general characteristics of ecology and its disciplines, it also focuses on individual relationships between organisms. The last part of the theoretical part of the chapter is focused on the teaching of ecology in elementary school and its concept in the teaching of the second level. The practical part deals with the use of bogs in the teaching of natural history at primary school and presents a proposal for an excursion to one of...
|
|
|
Botanical survey of the Jedlový potok stream (Šumava National Park) three years after a hydrological restoration
ČERMÁKOVÁ, Monika
The Jedlový potok is situated in the Šumava National Park and it is a part of the Hornovltavský luh wetland komplex. In the 1950s, due to peat extraction, the stream was regulated and it drained the surrounding area including its floodplain. After a project creation and approval, part of the stream bed was restored, in 2015. Since then four ambient habitats have been monitored annually. Two permanent plots were set on each of them. The aim of the thesis was to record flora and vegetation on these plots in the fourth year after its restoration. Two types of habitats are located in a close vicinity of the stream bed. These are species-rich wet Cirsium meadow and dense vegetation of Phalaris arundinacea marsh with a dominant species Phalaris arundinacea. The other two habitats have a peaty character and they are located out of the riparian zone, further away from the stream. These are short-sedge fen and species-poor Eriophorum vaginatum mire. The used methods included fytocenologic relevés and also groundwater level measurement. In the whole area a total of 83 plant species were identified. The data of this thesis, also with other acquired data from the Jedlový potok area, are useful for further tracking of the vegetation development and also aids to find out if the restoration helped to recover the hydrologic connection between the stream and its surroundings.
|
|
|
Food competition between waterbirds and fish
Bečvář, Viktor ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Musil, Petr (referee)
Food competition between waterbirds and fish can be a crucial factor in todays wetland ecosystems. In certain situations it can be decisive if a specific site is still suitable for waterbirds or not. Large aquatic invertebrats are often shared food resource. Situations where specific waterbirds and fish compete for this resource were described in many wetland habitats. Fish are often much more effective in acquiring food to the point when this relationship can be described as asymetrical competition. The level of competition can be also influenced by various envirometal factors or different attributes of waterbird and fish populations. The knowledge obtained by studing this relationship can be then used in management of protected areas and comercially used waterbodies.
|
|
|
Spatial and flight activity of the maternity colony of the Mediterranean horsheshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale in Slovak Karst
Jehličková, Veronika ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Kaňuch, Peter (referee)
In the pre-lacation, lactation and post-lactation periods in 2010 and 2011 and the pre-lactation period in 2012 we used radio-telemetry to determine changes in home range and habitat activity and preference of the maternity colony of the Mediterranean horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus euryale) in Slovak Karst. The colony roosted in the attic of the monastery in Jasov. This area represents the northern margin of the species distribution range. In total, we tagged 35 females that were radio-tracked for 31 nights. For the all pre- lactation periods 17 females were marked, in the lactation periods 12 females were marked, and 6 females were marked in the post-lactation periods. The females were marked with radiotags and the VHF telemetry (radio telemetry using very high frequencies) was used. We compared the spatial and habitat preferences in the above defined seasons of the annual reproductive cycle. The total number of recorded locations was 858 for all reported periods. We compared the varios aspects of activity of the females during the night in the particular periods. We have shown that the females left their roost in the pre-lactation periods as the most late. These were followed by the females in the lactation periods and as the most early after the sunsetthe roost was left by the females in the...
|
|
|
Impact of habitat diversity and wood debris accumulation on macroinvertebrates
Nováková, Barbora ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Rödlová, Sylva (referee)
The revitalization of watercourses should be amended to restore the natural landscape water regime. Healthly waterflow should contain a morphologically rich bed with added dead wood and alternating pools and riffle. All these structures are colonized by varied fauna, that is distributed according to its dietary requirements. These problems are devoted to the research part of work. Another part is focused on the research of three tributaries in the upper basin of Blanice river near Prachatice. The location is thanks to the population of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), significant not only in Czech but also in european scale. Therefore, there is an important aspect of environmental protection. Given the importance of the site, there are experimental research carried out by Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology at the Faculty of Charles University in Prague. The practical part is based on the determination of macroinvertebrates revitalized Sviňovického brook and the subsequent evaluation of water quality. Samples of macroinvertebrate were collected using method PERLA and subsequently identified in families. For use BMWP score and ASPT index, the quality of water placed in the appropriate category of water quality.
|
|
|
The effect of climate change and land use change on the long-term population trends of birds in the Czech Republic
Koschová, Michaela ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Voříšek, Petr (referee)
There are number of future projections of species' geographic ranges developed under conditions of ongoing climate change. However, only a few studies have assessed what are the characteristics of species explaining interspecific variability in the projected range shifts. Examination of such relationships is important for development of effective conservation strategies mitigating the effects of climatic changes. For this purpose, I calculated the predicted shifts of European ranges in Czech birds based on maps in A Climatic Atlas of European Breeding Birds and explored relationships between these predicted shifts and several ecological traits. We found significant effects of the type of European distribution and habitat requirements. Concerning the type of European distribution, the largest shift is predicted in the central species and the northern species compared to widespread and southern species. According to the habitat type, the largest shift showed forest birds in contrast to the urban species which will shift slightly. The former pattern is probably attributable to spatial constrains different among these specific groups (central species are less limited compared to widespread species). The latter pattern could be explained by higher sensitivity of forest species to climatic changes...
|
|
| |
|
|
The issue of long-term stays under water
Spalová, Karolína ; Vondrášek, David (advisor) ; Bačáková, Radka (referee)
Title: Long-term underwater stays matters. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to compile the issue of long-term underwater stays from their preparation to safe descent and their transfer to a real project. Methods: On the basis of research of diving literature on the given topic thoroughly make preparations together with pilot experiments. Then implement, secure and evaluate the One week project as a long-term underwater stay lasting 7 days. Use interviews with participants to get necessary information for adequate preparation and feedback. Results: With the help of professional literature, we managed to prepare, secure and realize a long-term underwater stay in the planned duration of 7 days. The domestic record was thus humbled. Keywords: aquanaut, bell, habitat
|
|
|
Between-year dynamics of carnivores and ungulates in the Czech landscape
Schnebergerová, Adriana ; Pyšek, Petr (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
It is important for the ecological management of wildlife populations in the Czech Republic to know the composition of species in individual habitats. This will allow predictions on the reactions of wildlife based on evolving changes that will occur sooner or later in these habitats due to human activity and natural change of our environment. Camera traps are a powerful tool of the 21st century with which we are able to observe wildlife without major interventions in their lives. With the right experimental design, camera traps allow us to find out details about wildlife life such as their distribution and habitat preferences, population structure, and their behavior. In this work, I used camera traps to determine the species composition of two groups; ungulates and carnivores in different habitats. This thesis analyzes the habitat preferences and hepls to find out to what extent the spatial patterns of occurrence on these two groups are in the monitored habitats over the course of a couple years. Data collection took place from June 2015 to May 2017 in the Central Bohemian Region northeast of Prague. Despite the fact that the area is densely populated and agriculturally exploited, I was able to capture four species of ungulates and nine species of carnivores on a total of 73 camera traps in this...
|
guest ::
