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Obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus
Zábranská, Klára ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Even though patients with the diabetes mellitus type 1 disease were considered slim individuals, the occurrence of overweight and obesity is a more common issue which is not given enough attention. Thus, the topic of obesity, diabetes mellitus, the unheatlhy obese individuals with the diabetes mellitus dissease is becoming more current. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to collect basic data, evaulate compensation of diabetes mellites and to compare BMI of tracked patients with the mellitus type 1 diagnosis, who visited the diabetic department in the span of one month: 1. - 30. November 2019 versus general population. The data were collected from doctors' documents of the patients. One of the monitored parameters was the presence of overweight and obesity with the patients. The theoretical part of the thesis provides basic information about the diabetes mellitus following information about obesity. The final chapter connects these two diseases. The practical part of the thesis consists of a provision of the basic information of the group of patients, a comparison of BMI between the followed sample and general population, a compartion of t HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) between patients with CGM/FGM (a sensor for continual monitoring of glycemia) and those without it, a comparison of medial BMI (body...
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Glycated hemoglobin: one of the indicators of compensation Diabetes mellitus
Vondráčková, Helena ; Raisová Stuchlíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Boušová, Iva (referee)
Diabetes mellitus belongs to the chronic civilization diseases with increasing inter-incidence. This Disease is connected with numerous complications that increase patients mortality and morbidity. The aim of the cure is to compensate and delay the development of especially late complications of diabetes. The bachelor thesis is focused on glycated hemoglobin, which is currently considered the primary method in evaluation of the diabetes mellitus compensation. The theoretical part is focused on basic characteristics and associated complications with the attention paid to the evaluation of the disease compensation. The practical part is focused on methods of determination of glycated hemoglobin, relations among the patients' levels of glycated hemoglobin, average blood glucose and BMI. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy.
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Analysis of the influence of physical activity on the health of Type I
STANĚK, Jan
The bachelor thesis focuses on the study of diabetic children in terms of health status, physical fitness and other aspects related to diabetes. The aim of this work is to find out how physically active diabetics are, how sport affects their diabetes compensation, and how quickly their blood glucose changes during or after sport. It also focuses on the difference between trained diabetics and untreated diabetics.
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The effect of regular physical activity on a long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Pelcl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Physical activity should be part of our everyday life. However, for people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus it is the most common cause of hypoglycemia. To control diabetes in the right way, it is therefore necessary to follow certain rules and recommendations that help preventing hypoglycemia while the physical activity remains beneficial at the same time. Aim of the work: The main aim of this study is to clarify the influence of physical activity in connection to long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 102 respondents with diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the age of 19-69 years participated in a quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in a form of multicentric examination at two independent medical centers. The data collection was done through questionnaires focused on physical activity and daily regime. The data from questionnaires were then compared to the values of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), HDL cholesterol and the total daily dose of insulin of certain patients. For statistical evaluation, analytical tools of Microsoft Office program were used (F-test and t-test). Results: We found correlation between HbA1C values in patients physically active for less than 2 hours/week compared to those who are physically active for more than 2 hours/week (62,72...
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Vitamin D and Its Determination in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Kosheleva, Svetlana ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Flekač, Milan (referee)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1T) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to progressive loss of pancreatic β-cells. The incidence of this disease is effected by genetic factors and external environment. One of the possible non-genetic factors associated with the risk of DM1T is vitamin D deficiency. The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to determine the possible connections between serum levels of glycated hemoglobin-HbA1c and 25OH Vitamin D in pediatric and adult patients of the Clinic of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine and 3rd Medical Department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General Fakulty hospital in Prague with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus 1.The group consisted of 57 patients: 17 pediatric patients with DM1T, 20 adult patients with DM1T and a control group of 20 adult patients with DM2T. Patients were randomly assigned to regular checkups as part of ongoing clinical examination. Serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D <10 ng/ml were evaluated as deficient, 10-30 ng/ml as insufficient and 30-80 ng/ml is sufficient. The results showed that vitamin D insufficiency occurs in all groups of the monitored patient population. The mean value of 25OH Vitamin D (25(OH)D) was 18.01±5.23 ng /ml in DM1T pediatric patients, 20.15±10.83 ng /ml in adult patients with DM1T and T...
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Biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic complications
Šoupal, Jan ; Prázný, Martin (advisor) ; Rušavý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Rybka, Jaroslav (referee)
The main objective of this study was research on biomarkers used in both diagnosis and therapy of diabetic complications. The main focus of our work came to be on one of these biomarkers - glycemic variability (GV). High GV is linked with more frequent occurance of hypoglycemia. There are even indications it might contribute to development of diabetic complications. With modern technology - continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), we are now able to reliably describe, calculate and reduce GV. So far it is unclear whether increased GV can contribute to the development of microvascular complications (MVC) in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Studies published so far have assessed GV primarily from routine self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using glucometers. In the light of this uncertaity, the first part of this work compares GV calculated from CGM with the presence of MVC in T1D patients. GV calculated from CGM, but not from SMBG, proved to be significantly higher in T1D patients with MVC, even though there was no significant difference in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). This finding supports the hypothesis that higher GV is related to higher risk of MVC and that HbA1c does not describe diabetes control completely. Moreover, it was shown that GV calculated from SMBG is insufficient. There is still no fully...
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Affect of bariatric treatment of diabetes compensation
Zemčáková, Simona ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Mráz, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with problems of obesity, diabetes mellitus and subsequent medical complications. We will focus on topic of obesity in the theoretical part. Obesity has become a global epidemic. In this thesis we will focus on the treatment of obesity and the follow up topic of diabetes mellitus in great detail. Diabetes mellitus counts as a disease of obesity. Diabetes mellitus causes grave illness when we do not keep to regime measures. Successful changes lifestyle, eating habits and increased physical activity have a positive impact on the health of the patient. If these measure do not help to improve the patient's health, then we turn to surgical treatment. We will compare the affect of different methods with metabolic parameters. The 54 patients participated in the scientific research, there of 33 diabetics and 21 nondiabetics. It was caused by a significiant decrease in weight reduction in both groups. The method of gastric bypass showed the biggest affect in weight reduction by group of diabetics. The weight loss is 32,6 kg after two years. The method of sleeve gastrectomy reduced blood glucose the best in the years after the surgical intervetion. From blood glucose 7,27 mmol/l to 5,62 mmol/l. The same method has a good affect in decrease of glycated hemoglobin. From 6,09 % to...
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Impact of diet and adequate physical activity on the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
MATĚJKOVÁ, Miroslava
The aim of this work was to document the impact of proper nutrition on the course of type II diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part of the thesis the individual types of diabetes and their treatment are described. Then the definition of healthy nutrition (dieting) and its effects on diseased patient follows. The subsequent theoretical part concerns about how healthy physical activity can aid diabetics. In addition the psychological aspects of the disease are mentioned. Research part of thesis is based on the description of the case report of a patient with type II diabetes. The author projected a dietary bill of fare and also a plan for physical activity. This work contains a complete characteristic of the patient including family, personal and nutritious history, medicaments and report of the cooperation with this patient. At the end of the work a detailed dietary and exercise plan, which was used by the author for this patients is enclosed.
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Diagnostics of diabetes mellitus in adults including pregnant
ŠTĚRBOVÁ, Eva
Diabetes mellitus is worldwide spread chronical disease which affects both sexes and all age groups. If the disease is not treated it can cause hard damage to various systems or even kill. The thesis is divided into two parts. The objective of the first, theoretical part, was to bring closer the problems of diabetes mellitus, its classification and complications. Simultaneously, the possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of the disease were described. The objective of the second, empirical part was to assess if glycohemoglobin was a suitable compensation of oral glucose tolerance test as a marker of impaired glucose tolerance. For the thesis the data of 94 patients investigated at the Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. (Hospital České Budějovice Inc.) were used. The patients were divided into two groups: the group called ``Pregnant{\crqq} (51 pregnant women) and the group called ``Others`` (43 people). In both groups oral glucose tolerance test was carried out and glycohemoglobin was determined. The level of glucose in blood was determined by a fotometric enzymatic method at the analyzer ADVIA 1650 Chemistry system, glycohemoglobin was determined by effective liquid chromatography at the analyzer TOSOH A1c 2.2 (HLC 723 Ghb V, G5). The group of pregnant cannot be reliably evaluated because only one woman was diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus according to oral glucose tolerance test. In the group of Others impaired glucose tolerance according to oral glucose tolerance test was proved in 14 individuals, 5 of them had increased glycohemoglobin and 9 individuals had glycohemoglobin in referential range. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity a effectiveness at cut off 4,0 % was counted for glycohemoglobin. Sensitivity was 36 %, specificity 96 % and effectiveness 73 %. The results show that the use of oral glucose tolerance test as a marker of impaired glucose tolerance is still more suitable than the use of glycohemoglobin which does not have sufficient sensitivity for the diagnosis of the disease.
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