|
|
"Hegelian movement" in Czechoslovakian philosophy in the nineteen-sixties. Probe into the Czechoslovakian marxist philosophy on the motif of work.
Hanovská, Lenka ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chavalka, Jakub (referee) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the Czechoslovakian philosophy in the nineteen-sixties. It focuses not only to its historical description but intends to enter its philosophical thinking from inside and analyse its principal categories. Especially it focuses on the category of work and examines its various formulations, developed in different theoretical perspectives of Czechoslovakian philosophers. This allows distinguish these perspectives in their similarities on one hand and differences on the other. The thesis notably focuses on so called "Hegelian movement" and its evaluation of category of work. This movement, which is in fact the Czechoslovakian variation to the philosophy of praxis, formulates the category of work in its philosophical meaning, i. e. as an ontological category decisive for an origin of the reality and human being. It was originally Hegel, who developed this meaning of category, and Czechoslovakian Hegelian movement continued in developing his ontology adopted through Marx. The Czech philosophers enriched it with aspects of socialistic humanism. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part explains historical conditions of philosophical scientific performance in Czechoslovakia. The second interprets the texts of Czechoslovakian Hegelian philosophers and their expositions of category...
|
|
|
The relation of science and art in Jan Patočka's philosophy
Dvořanová, Natálie ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The objective of this thesis will be an examination of Patočka's understanding of science and art as two possible comprehensions of reality, and their mutual relation. Firstly, I will focus on presenting the position, from which Patočka's ideas come - that is the distinction of two eras - artistic and aesthetic, where the first one shows religious truths and the other one the subjective and individual world of an artist and a work of art. The aesthetical era begins in the 19th century and connects thusly to the scientific and technological period. Science according to Patočka gives us a tool (and a language) to recover objective, but binding truths. It influences all aspects of life, such as social, economical, political, and also the scientific approach to art. However, modern and contemporary art show the subjective and individual truths, but only in the scientific and technological periods. This mutual relation will be the subject of examination. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
| |
|
|
Žižek's Logic of Generality and the Dialectics of Consciousness
Pašek, Adam ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
Hegelian dialectics is normally described using the traditional scheme thesis, antithesis and synthesis. Thesis put in the first step of the scheme in negated in the second one. In the third step the negation is negated itself. However, that doesn't conclude in a return to the thesis but in its being mediated in a determinate negation. The problem how to understand the "productivity of negation" is adressed by Jean Hippolyte in his book Genesis and Structure of Hegel's Phenomenology of the Spirit. I think that he touches a genuin problem of the simple triadic interpretation of the dialectics. For that reason I present in my work a supplement to to the standard interpretation. It is constructed based on Lacan's formulae of sexuation taken in the way they are explained by Slavoj Žižek in Less than Nothing. Then it is elaborated further alongside with a reading of the two first chapters of Phenomenology of the Spirit (Sense Certainty and Perception) and applied on their dialectics. That is why I consacrate the main part of the work to the question of how the dialectical turn, by which the consciousness shifts from e.g. from sense certainty to perception, happens. The analysis of this phenomenon uses the interpretation of the formulae of sexuation elaborated in the first part. In doing this it hinges on the...
|
|
|
Situation of the Surrealist Subject
Svěrák, Šimon ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filosofická fakulta katedra estetiky Diploma thesis Šimon Svěrák Situation of the Surrealist Subject (abstract) 2012 thesis supervisor: prof. PhDr. Vlastimil Zuska, CSc. Abstract This thesis focuses on the situation of a substantial subject in the historical development of the surrealist experience and confronts it with our original postmodern interpretation of thoughts of early Marx. The surrealist consciousness is based on a dialectical opposition between rational and irrational elements of cognitive processes. André Breton apprehends this dialectics under the perspective of love life and relates it to values of love, freedom and poetry. Nevertheless, this conception changes in the immanent development of the surrealist consciousness from Breton over the work and thoughts Salvador Dalí and Mikuláš Medek to Vratislav Effenberger. Effenberger removes positive values from surrealism and puts emphasis on the critical functions of the irrational. On the psychological field, all these ideas are based on the conception of the unconscious which means there is the substantial approach in them. Our critical interpretation of Marx shows, that the surrealist concept of subject is in the contradiction with its substantial determination. The subject has to be perceived as the essential...
|
|
|
The Dialectics of Intervention . An Analysis of Discursive and Theoretical Accounts for Conflict Initiation
Corneo, Francesco ; Nesbitt, Todd (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
! The scope of this work is to critically assess the phenomenon of American interventions from the beginning of the post-Cold War era to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Departing from the analysis of the question of why an argument liable to disproof was chosen for legitimizing on legal grounds the 2003 invasion of Iraq, I proceed to the analysis of the relation between legitimizing discourse employed by the American administration domestically, and the one employed in the context of international institutions. The first one is concluded to take precedence over the second - at least for what concerns the timeframe taken into consideration in this work. I then proceed to an analysis of the evolution of domestic legitimizing discourse from 1991 to 2003, providing a dialectic evolutionary model. Finally, competing theoretical interpretations of the phenomenon are tested against the findings of the research.
|
|
| |
guest ::
