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Difference in Aldous Huxley's approach to the concept of dystopia in the 1930s and 1960s with references to his selected works
Hronová, Marie ; Chalupský, Petr (advisor) ; Topolovská, Tereza (referee)
TITLE: The difference in Aldous Huxley's approach to the concept of dystopia in the 1930s and 1960s with references to his selected works AUTHOR: Marie Hronová DEPARTMENT: Department of English Language and Literature SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Petr Chalupský, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: This thesis is focused on the approach of Aldous Huxley to dystopian fiction. To explore this topic it analyses his two major novels, namely Brave New World (1932) and Island (1962). The aim of the theoretical part is to provide a context to these two works. Therefore, it describes the most important social changes which emerged after the First World War and further developed after the Second World War. This part is also concerned with the development of psychopharmacology and its consequences since it plays a major role in both analysed novels. Further context is given by outlining the basic ideas of selected eastern philosophies as they are crucial for one of Huxley's works. The practical part then analyses Huxley's imaginary society in Brave New World in order to pinpoint the features of the author's dystopian novel and his criticism of the society of the 1930s. Island is explored as a counterpart of Brave New World, since both novels deal with the same topic but in different perspectives. The aim of this part is to analyse and compare the...
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The Comic in Henry James' Fiction
Kudrna, David ; Roraback, Erik Sherman (advisor) ; Robbins, David Lee (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the study and interpretation of the interlacement of the world of comedy in several works of Henry James and the reflection in these fictions of certain specified problems and challenges of modern society which assist to bring forth the social ambience therein. In the author's opinion, the comedy in the said works of James, on the fundamental level, criticises and pokes fun at the evils of modern society and the characters who pay homage to them. The thesis argues that the comedy in the analysed works of Henry James satirizes several challenging, problematic socio-cultural and economic developments of contemporary modern times through the ridicule and stigmatization of the mostly despicable characters who, under the sway of these developments, perpetrate their negative influence on the lives of other characters in the selected works. To substantiate this argument the thesis looks at the following works of James: The Wings of the Dove, The Golden Bowl, The Portrait of a Lady, The Ambassadors, "The Turn of the Screw" and "The Beast in the Jungle." At the outset, the thesis outlines briefly several critical approaches to the comedy in James's works, comments on their validity, reveals the author's views, and points in the direction of the critical opinions and approaches...
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The relationship between civic participation and hedonistic lifestyle of adolescents.
Šíp, Michal ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Mička, Pavel (referee)
Bibliografický záznam ŠÍP, Michal. Vztah občanské participace a hédonistického životního způsobu u mladistvých. Praha: Karlova univerzita, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut sociologických studií, 2015. 133 stran, Vedoucí diplomové práce Doc. PhDr. Pavol Frič, Ph.D. Anotace Diplomová práce "Vztah občanské participace a hédonistického životního způsobu u mladistvých" zkoumá, do jaké míry je oprávněné hledat příčinu nízké hodnoty občanské participace mladistvých v hédonistickém životním způsobu. Participativní chování poskytuje mladistvým prostor pro psychosociální rozvoj, podporuje jejich demokratický kapitál a též artikulační možnosti vnášet vlastní agendu do veřejného prostoru. Dá se předpokládat, že vzhledem k demografickému vývoji české společnosti bude potřeba participace mladistvých stále více žádaná. Pro implementaci účinných veřejně politických nástrojů k řešení této situace je důležitá znalost participativního chování mladistvých i jejich motivace, hodnotové orientace a sociálních potřeb. V teoretické části práce jsou proto představeny jednotlivé perspektivy zkoumání občanské participace a hédonistického chování. Práce pracuje se dvěma hypotézami. První hypotéza předpokládá, že hédonistický životní způsob produkuje takové vzorce chování a hodnotovou orientaci, které jsou v principielním rozporu s...
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Ideas of hedonism and stoicism implemented in today's world of economy
Djikanovic, Ivana ; Janotík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Eckertová, Eva (referee)
The main motivation for this work was to show that economy cannot be explained just by economy. Many other sciences are essential for understanding economic processes and models of behavior. This paper presents the proven relations between the philosophy, economics and psychology. The study of different economic concepts requires development of an extensive network of connections between humans on the one side, and their social needs and behavior on the other side. The starting point is the return in the time of Ancient Greeks, with whose theoretical approaches can be explained the majority of person's actions. This paper uses theoretical analyses to assess the impact of the "passions and interests", hedonic happiness and stoic self-interest on the economic policy and individuals. Through the gently presented forms of hedonism, this work deals with different theories such as theory of modern consumerism, marginal utilitarianism, preference theory, theory of rational allocation. The data gathered in the form of publication analysis, little psychological experiments and real life examples serve to test the hypothesis of the direct relationship between hedonistic impacts on economic theory. The two research questions are dealing with mastery of passions and interest in the economic behavior as well as with the...
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The Phenomenon of Zombies in Films by George A. Romero
Čada Wernischová, Nelly ; Čeněk, David (advisor) ; Svatoňová, Kateřina (referee)
(in English) This work deals with the phenomenon of zombie in films by George A. Romero. Its objective is to prove that, although the characteristics of the phenomenon underwent significant change within individual films by this director, it still preserved the basic metaphoric function it had already at the time of its origination in Haiti in the 17th century. . The analytical part, in which three selected zombie horrors by George A. Romero (Dawn of the Dead, Land of the Dead and Diary of the Dead) are discussed, is based on the methods of neoformalist analysis. Based on the analysis of individual films, I have proved that the zombie phenomenon in Romero's films works, the same as it does in Haiti, as a metaphor of slavery with this metaphor being varied depending on the issues that become the current topic of each of the films whose actual aim is to criticise the contemporary society.
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The Youth Consumerism and Its Interdependency with Economic and Cultural Capital
Beránková, Petra Alexandra ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Pašková, Miroslava (referee)
The work deals with the consumerism of thirteen and fourteen years old youths. The authoress aims to answer the question of what extent the observed age category seems to be consumer in their attitudes and whether their consumerist attitudes have an universal character or whether it is structurally related to their economic and cultural capital. At first the authoress briefly presents the consumerism as a sociological topic. She pays a particular attention to the impact of social stratification on the lifestyle. As her main theoretical basis she states a concept of homologous classes of Pierre Bourdieu, from which she incorporates the concept of economic and cultural capital as the main differentiating principles affecting the lifestyle. In addition she presents the characteristics of today's school children in the context of Czech society and mentions the role of socialization in the transfer of capital and consumption patterns from parents to their child. Finally, the authoress describes her approach to the analysis of data on attitudes towards the consumption in defined age category. She introduces readers to research results, which show the prevailing consumerism of monitored group. On the basis of correlation analysis, the authoress notes that there are significant correlations between indexes...
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Women's Experiences of Postnatal Care in Czech Maternity Hospitals
Vernerová, Karolína ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Slepičková, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the issue of postnatal care in maternity hospitals in the Czech Republic as it is perceived by women who went through the medicalised obstetric birth in the past year. It examines in particular women's expectations concerning the care on the postnatal ward, their experiences of various aspects of care provided, the moments women highlight and the strategies they adopt in case of possible clashes of their own "non-expert" opinions with the regime of particular maternity hospital or "authoritative knowledge" of the staff. The aim of this thesis is to present the authentic experiences of postnatal care and to implant them into broader conceptual framework, especially considering the medical discourse and possible disciplinary techniques which are implemented to strengthen the authority of medical staff and to provide the opportunity for physical and social control of women.
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Telemedicine as a means of strengthening the role of patients
Špalek, Jakub ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on how physicians perceive the use of telemedicine and information and communication technologies (ICT) in their practice. The work responds to the situation associated with covid-19, which has had an impact on increasing of ICT and telemedicine in healthcare. The aim of this work is also to find out how physicians can strengthen the role of patients in the physician-patient relationship and whether ICT or other digital technologies help them with this. The whole theoretical part is devoted to the relationship between physician and patient, where the shift of medical care from paternalism to consumerism is reflected and the theoretical concepts of patient centered care and patient empowerment are presented. The research data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 9 physicians who are in regular contact with their patients and have at least minimal experience with the use of ICT in their practice. The interviews were then analyzed using a thematic analysis, which showed that telemedicine and ICT contribute to strengthening the role of patients. Keywords telemedicine, patient centered care, patient empowerment, ICT, self-monitoring, paternalism, consumerism, physician-patient realtionship Title Telemedicine as a means of strengthening the role of patients
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Egoism - the ethical concept of today
Macko, Milan ; Sousedík, Prokop (advisor) ; Svoboda, David (referee)
This thesis deals with the current egoistic nature of man. The first part of the paper will describe the historical background and the rise of empirical science and will point out the newly emerging cultural paradigm which has influenced the whole value system and general development of today's society. This will be followed up by the description of an individual phenomena that guides the acceptance of social principles actively pursued within our society these days. Parsing of individual factors using the method of analysis and synthesis will allow us to approach the very phenomenon of egoism from a wider perspective. The focus of this paper is to attempt to answer whether man's dependency on today's society leads to the development of egoistic characteristic in a person. The paper will also attempt, using philosophical and theological reflection and modern science, to find an outline for a solution that would be beneficial to the advancement of an altruistic profile of civilization. Keywords Jesus, Plato, Sokrates, the good, egoism, emphaty, philosophy, genetics, intelligence, values, conformity, consumer society, power, science
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Education of pupils of primary school how not to be consumers
Wanková, Natálie ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The theoretical part of the presented diploma thesis aims to suggest a way to encourage non- consumer way of life in today's pupils at lower level in primary school (first school). Promotion of non-consumerism is based on the aims and principles stated in current Czech official curricular documents. The issues connected to consumerism, its formation and consequences are explained. Furthermore, general ways to avoid consumer way of life are suggested. A deeper insight is provided using pedagogical constructivism, with focus on the evocation phase, part of the "E-U-R model". This phase helps to motivate pupils and to discover what conceptions children have of consumerism. For this reason, the theoretical part also provides a closer look at children's conceptions. Considering the fact that consumer way of life is influenced by personal moral values, a section of the theoretical part deals with moral development of a child, focusing on a crucial age of 9-10, when the conception of moral realism changes. The practical part of the diploma thesis suggests a lesson whose main part is a questionnaire, which serves as a tool to determine children's conceptions of consumerism. The lesson is reflected upon and, based on the reflection, ideas for further education are suggested. The results stated in the...
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