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Nationalization and confiscation in 1945 - 1948
Mikule, Ondřej ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Nationalization and confiscation in 1945 - 1948 Abstract The main subjects of this thesis are nationalization and confiscation that took place in Czechoslovakia between 1945 and 1948. In the introductory chapters it deals with the definition of the concepts of nationalization and confiscation and their historical context. Closer attention is paid to the land reform of the First Czechoslovak Republic. The following is a description of political and economic concepts that emerged during World War II in both domestic and foreign resistence movements and in which the demands for a fundamental economic transformation of Czechoslovakia were stressed. The opinions of Edvard Beneš and the negotiations between Moscow and London exile politicians on the future Košice government program are also discussed. The following chapters deal with nationalization and confiscation in 1945, individual decrees on nationalization and confiscation are discussed, the process of their adoption, taking into account especially the government meetings. Institute of national administration, which had a very close connection to nationalization and confiscation, is delineated as well. In the period from 1946 to 1947, the main focus is on revision of the land reform of the First Czechoslovak Republic and other measures concerning land...
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Nationalization and confiscation between 1945 and 1948
Holfeld, Christian ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
The diploma thesis deals primarily with the so-called first stage of the nationalization process in Czechoslovakia, which took place between 1945 - 1948, and the post-war confiscations of the same period, as well. The objective of the thesis is particularly to describe and analyze the then relevant legal regulations and place them adequately in the historical context. The content of the five thematic chapters is adapted to this topic. First, it attempts to define the basic concepts of nationalization, appropriation, socialization, expropriation and confiscation. Subsequently, it examines the basic historical roots of the concept of nationalization. It does so especially by comparing the approaches to proprietary rights through the prism of two dominant ideologies, namely liberalism and socialism. The core of the thesis consists of the nationalization and confiscation decrees themselves and the issues related. The National Institute of Administration was closely associated with this issue, as well. From the legislator's point of view, it was also necessary to distinguish which assets were to be confiscated and which, on the other hand, nationalized. The film industry first, followed by mines and large industrial enterprises, the food industry, banking and insurance companies were subject to...
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Post-war confiscation in the context of monument preservation
Pastorková, Šárka ; Vajčner, Jiří (advisor) ; Uhlíková, Kristina (referee)
This thesis deals with the fate of the confiscated monuments nationalized by presidential decrees (no. 12/1945 and No. 108/1945) in 1945 within the Liberec region. The first part analyzes the wider cultural and historical milieu of the region, especially phenomena related to the expulsion of Germans and the issue of postwar confiscation generally. It focuses on the actual effect of the decrees issued by President Benes and also on the process of the establishment of state institutions for administration of confiscated property. The following part of the work is dedicated to the system of national administration of confiscated property of high artistic value (especially objects which belonged to displaced families). This part of the thesis is based primarily on preserved documents of the state organizations operating with the confiscated property after World War II, such as the National Cultural Commission (stemming from the so called Reinsurance Commission), or the State Heritage Institute. These sources include various directives, transfer protocols, correspondence, etc. Overall, the aim of the thesis is to provide a detailed analysis of the process of systematical gathering and administration of a property seized from displaced persons in a particular region in Bohemia. Keywords Liberec Region,...
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Confiscation and the Allotment Procedure pursuant to Presidential Decrees in Czech Case Law
Tomáš, Radek ; Kuklík, Jan (referee) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
This thesis deals with the reflection of confiscation and the allotment procedure pursuant to presidential decrees in Czech case law. In numerous cases, the allotment procedure has still not been completed or persistent problems arise from it in the area of legal relations to immovables and their registration up to the present day. The thesis analyses and categorises relevant statutory and case law based upon the material criterion. The result is a set of clearly defined thematic groups of the most significant judgements covering the individual problems identified and an analysis of the stability of the case law or the lack thereof in the individual thematic groups particularly in relation to the principle of legal safeguard which - as this thesis argues - gradually becomes more and more important in relevant Czech case law.
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Confiscation and the Allotment Procedure pursuant to Presidential Decrees in Czech Case Law
Tomáš, Radek ; Drobník, Jaroslav (referee) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
This thesis deals with the reflection of confiscation and the allotment procedure pursuant to presidential decrees in Czech case law. In numerous cases, the allotment procedure has still not been completed or persistent problems arise from it in the area of legal relations to immovables and their registration up to the present day. The thesis analyses and categorises relevant statutory and case law based upon the material criterion. The result is a set of clearly defined thematic groups of the most significant judgements covering the individual problems identified and an analysis of the stability of the case law or the lack thereof in the individual thematic groups.
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Castle in Mnichovo Hradiště from confistation to disclosure
Altman, Jakub ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Koura, Petr (referee)
This work shows history of the castle in Mnichovo Hradiště. It deals with history of the castle, but the main topic is what happened in 20. century. How the owners behave towards to the castle, what changed when the castle was confiscated. The work is based on archive material stored in the National archiv in Prag, Mnichovo Hradiště Municipal museum. It also works with the chroniclas of Mnichovo Hradiště, memories of citizens and handwirtten memories of the citizens. Used also contemporary local newspapers. Key words: castle, Mnichovo Hradiště, confiscation, 1945, National cultural comission
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History of property of the Hluboka branch of Schwarzenberg Family between 1938-1950
Vochozka, Šimon ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
This thesis analyses the history of the property fund of the Hluboka Schwarzenberg family branch throughout the period of World War 2 up to the consequent years, focused especially on the post-war development. Careful analyses of this question is also about to bring a deeper view of the society's political and sociological setting in the focused period, especially from the point of the view of the consequences accompanying the passing of statute No. 143/1947 Sb., including the proces of its origin itself. A part of the theses also examines the direct impact of the statute to the Schwarzenberg family itself. In my work, the history of the property of the Hluboka branch of the Schwarzenberg family is folowed, up to the moment of the definite integration of the property fund into the socialistic economical system, bringing the destruction of its unity.
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Studená during the Second World War
Čermáková, Lucie ; Míšková, Alena (advisor) ; Hnilica, Jiří (referee)
The first mention of village Studená dates from 1356, yet this area was populated earlier, specifically since the 10th century. Its greatest development village underwent before the World War II., when there was the greatest number of inhabitants and various companies were established. The work is dedicated to the life in the Studená during the Second World War; however it is mainly focused on the beginning and the end of the war, when the inhabitants were most affected by the acts of war. Keywords: Studená, trench works, conscription, civil anti-aircraft defense, rationing, forced displacement, confiscation
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Wiliam Slavata of Chlum and Košumberk
Cimpa, Martin ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee)
This work dealing with the William Slavata of Chlum and Košumberk (1572-1652) is focused mainly on outstanding issues and blind spots associated with the life and career of the Czech aristocrat who became one of the leading figures of the Habsburg monarchy of his time. The content of the first part is a detailed description of Slavata's stay and activities in exile. Attention is paid to little-known facts relating to his participation in political talks on the future direction of the Bohemian Kingdom and the Habsburg monarchy in Vienna, Prague and other places and to Slavata's writings of constitutional and confessional apologetic nature, developed during his stay in Passau. Further, it endeavours to explain Slavata's ambiguous attitude to the process of White mountain confiscations, from which he gained despite his loyalty and service to the house of Habsburg, only a small profit. Finally, the author dealt with the Slavata's problematic relationship to the commander in chief of the imperial army Duke Albrecht of Waldstein and tried to discover the roots of their hostility and explain why Slavata became one of the most persistent critics of Waldstein.
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