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Differences in Declination of Proper and Common Nouns
Smejkalová, Kamila
Paper describes differences between declination of proper and common nouns. The paper compares the linguistic point of view with that of non-professional users and shows linguistic and non-linguistic arguments used by non-professional users to support their opinions. The topic is illustrated by the types of nouns, that are morfologically problematic from the point of view of the general public and linguists using the database of the enquiries cunsulted with the Language Consulting Centre.
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Selected Forms of Numerals 2, 3, 4 and Their Morfological Problem at Elementary School
Kuželková, Tereza ; Sojka, Pavel (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This thesis deals with selected forms of numerals 2, 3, 4 and how the students in elementary school decline them. The aim was to find out if the students use in written exercise literary or non-literary forms at declension of numeral 2, how it develops during schooling and if they choose numerals three and four in genitive literary forms or their codified variants. The theoretical part defines the numerals with focus on declination of numerals 2, 3 and 4, deals with its development, hypercorrection, codification from 1993 and conception in Framework educational programme for basic education and in textbooks for elementary schools. Empirical part contains results of survey, which I have got from elementary school student's written exercise. These results are presented in tables and charts, which are used to conclusions of research. The work contains four interviews with teachers of two elementary schools. I asked them about their experience with teaching declination of numerals 2, 3 and 4 at elementary school. KEYWORDS Numerals 2, 3 and 4, morphology, codification, hypercorrection, elementary school
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Nobility and codification of czech municipal law
Bartoň, Miroslav ; Starý, Marek (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Nobility and the codification of the Bohemian town law Abstract This thesis is concerned with the influence of the nobility in the process of codifying Bohemian town law, in particular during the sixteenth century, and with the reasons of success of the Town laws of the Bohemian kingdom by Pavel Kristián of Koldín. It describes the evolution of royal towns and town law from the Hussite Revolution to the release of the Town laws, and the particularities of the areas of law relevant to this matter, meaning the north-German and the south-German areas of law. It briefly covers the beginning of the Estates period and its influence on the Bohemian towns, especially the adoption of Vladislav land order and the disputes that followed. The codification attempt of Brikcí of Licsko is observed next, as well as its source materials and the reasons why his work never become a sanctioned codification of town law. Particular importance is given to the evolution of political situation from the viewpoint of the towns and to their relations with the nobility from the resolution of the Bohemian Diet that the town law shall be codified, adopted in the year 1545, until the release of the Koldín's codex in the year 1579. It explores the reasons why the creation and sanctioning of an acceptable codification took such a long time,...
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Introduction to the Theory of Language Correctness
Beneš, Martin ; Adam, Robert (advisor) ; Bermel, Neil Halford Andrew (referee) ; Dolník, Juraj (referee)
Introduction to the Theory of Language Correctness. The theme of this Thesis is the novel conceptualization of the subject field, which is, in the Czech context, traditionally dealt with within the theory of language cultivation, from the perspective of the so-called ontological "socialism" (esp. Itkonen, 1978; 2003). The first two chapters explain why the subject field of the (theory of) language cultivation is to be newly approached from this very perspective. The conceptual discussion in the first chapter identifies three underresearched factors (reaction of the Protectorate elites to the Nazi occupation policy; variety-based approach to the "language" and physicalism) that had negative effect to the debate on these questions and therefore they should not be taken into consideration; the terminological discussion in the second chapter supports the claim that it is not suitable to associate the traditional term (theory of) language cultivation with this novel conceptualization. The third chapter introduces in detail the so-called ontological "socialism" according to which there are not only spatiotemporal entities, i.e. language means, but also non-spatiotemporal entities, i.e. language rules qua actually existing social facts, in the subject field of linguistics. The fourth chapter provides a...
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Czech orthoepic codification
Štěpánová, Veronika ; Adam, Robert (advisor) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee) ; Ološtiak, Martin (referee)
Mgr. Veronika Štěpánová Czech orthoepic codification Abstract This doctoral thesis deals with the codification of standard Czech pronunciation. It focuses on how the phonetic level of the language is studied and described and, more generally, on orthoepic codification, its criteria, sources, relationship to orthography, etc. A historical overview of Czech orthoepic research, in particular of the first attempts at codification, work carried out for the orthoepic manuals Výslovnost spisovné češtiny I (ed. B. Hála; 1955, 1967) and Výslovnost spisovné češtiny II (ed. M. Romportl; 1978) is presented. In addition, research into standard Czech pronunciation from the 1980s to the present day is summarised from a new perspective. The primary focus of the thesis is a critical analysis of the principal Czech orthoepic manuals: not only Výslovnost spisovné češtiny I and II but also some older and newer works. Special attention is given to features (1) whose evaluation has changed over time (e.g. the pronunciation of mě and sh, the use of the glottal stop, simplification of certain consonant clusters, or voice assimilation before sonorants) and (2) which are problematic form the point of view of the contemporary pronunciation norm. This thesis is closely connected with the recently created Monolog corpus, which...
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On the Variation of Irregular Verbs: Regular Conjugation of the Most Frequent Irregular Verbs in the Written German
Sikora, Marek ; Dovalil, Vít (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
1 Abstract The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to find out, if the regular conjugation in preterite and the regular forming of past participle, or the absence of alternation of e and i in the 2nd and 3rd person singular, present tense indicative and in imperative singular concerning the most frequent irregular verbs have already reached the written standard German (in the informal spoken language they in some measure occur). In the first part (theoretical) the thesis explains some terms of language change, comments on the traditional classification of the irregular German verbs on the basis of ablaut and offers a more suitable one according to Bittner, sums up the main points from the codification literature. In the second part (empirical) a list of eleven irregular verbs is made (using W Corpus of the Institute for German Language in Mannheim), which are to be examined, a methodology is developed to detect the typing errors occurring in the found forms, and the eleven verbs are empirically researched. The conclusion presents the results and answers the main questions put in the introduction.
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Defectiveness of the present converb in literary Russian: codification and use
Beňovský, Jan ; Giger, Markus (advisor) ; Stranz-Nikitina, Veronika (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the defectiveness of present converb in contemporary Russian language. The first part outlines the theoretical solutions of converb in Russian language, its origin and diachronic development. The second part presents basic grammar books illustrating the codification of defectiveness of present converb during the 20th and early 21st century. The grammars of Lomonosov, Grech and Vostokov, which illustrate the state of codification in the previous period, are composed to supplement. On the basis of theoretical knowledge and data from the grammars most often forbidding forms of the converbs were chosen and then submitted to corpus analysis. The aim of the corpus analysis was to verify the actual usage of the forbidding forms of present converbs in literary texts. key words: morphology; Russian; converb; codification; use; corpus
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A comparison of due managerial care of a member of governing body in the Czech Republic and a comparable duty of a member of governing body in Ireland
Pečinka, Martin ; Josková, Lucie (advisor) ; Čech, Petr (referee)
This paper deals with a comparison between the Czech duty of due managerial care of a member of governing body of limited company and the Irish non-fiduciary duty to exercise care, skill and diligence of a director of limited company (hereinafter also referred as "duty of care"). The paper aims to find out a possible way to improve legislation of the duty of due managerial care on the basis of comparison with the duty of care. The duty of care sets the ground for the comparison, therefore the paper deals first with the Irish legal status of the duty of care, which has been recently changed by the Companies Act 2014. Despite of the codification of the directors' duties, the core of interpretation and application of the duty of care still rests in judicial decisions. Nevertheless, the change of source and statutory wording of the duty means that the substance of Re City Equitable [1925] does not represent a good law anymore. The standard of care of Re City Equitable [1925] has been replaced by the minimal objective standard based on the British judgment Re D'Jan of London [1994]. The content of the duty of care is determined on the case by case basis, but in any event it consists of conclusions of the British judgment Re Barings [1999], which has been accepted by the Irish courts in restriction...
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Personal pronouns já and on - their codification and current status
Horký, Václav ; Cvrček, Václav (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's essay are word forms of Czech personal pronouns já and on whose codification changed since 1930s and cognate word forms of relative pronoun jenž. The work analyses the articles which suggested or defended these changes and concentrates on how they argued for them. Then it sums up descriptions of these forms in current grammar books and dictionaries. Finally, it explores several phenomena connected with these forms in synchronic corpora. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Use of Vulgarisms in Journalism Texts
Bohatová, Hana ; Šotolová, Jovanka (advisor) ; Brunel, Aude (referee)
The present master's thesis tackles the position of vulgarisms within the system of language as used in texts published in Czech and French weekly opinion magazines. The thesis takes a theoretic and empiric approach, the first part dealing with the definition of the term of vulgarism in Czech and French stylistics and the delimitation of its role in the style of journalistic texts. The second part of the thesis describes the practical approach of Czech and French weeklies to vulgarisms in their texts based on a survey among editing staff of the major publishing houses both in France and in the Czech Republic. The outcomes of the survey were compared to the analysis results conveyed on a corpus built out of texts published in Le Point and Respekt weeklies. Based on the contrastive analysis of vulgarisms used in Czech and French language corpus, following the critical criteria as outlined in the first part of the thesis, several recommendations are made about French-Czech translations of vulgarisms in journalistic texts. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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