|
|
The influence of irregular diet and exercise on the development of childhood obesity
Horáčková, Simona ; Pejšová, Hana (advisor) ; Weidenthalerová, Edita (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is childhood obesity, which is currently still a major challenge not only in Czech pediatrics. The work focuses mainly on the connection between childhood obesity and irregular eating and exercise regime of children of younger school age. The theoretical part focuses on the prevalence of childhood obesity, health risks associated with it, factors influencing the development of childhood obesity, and also on the possibilities related to both nutritional and exercise recommendations. Chapter 1.9 additionally deals with the epidemiological situation of Covid-19 related to the introduction of various regime measures, having an impact on the diet and exercise regime of children. The main goal of the practical part is to find out what are the eating and exercise habits of children of younger school age. Furthermore, to compare the role of the frequency of individual habits with the weight percentile of children and also to point out the risky behavior of children and parents in connection with weight gain in children and to recommend appropriate interventions. In the practical part, the results from an anonymous, quantitative questionnaire survey, which was intended for parents of children of younger school age (6-11 years), are first evaluated both graphically and in...
|
|
|
Prenatal and Perinatal Risk Factors of Childhood Obesity
Šmídová, Radka ; Pejšová, Hana (advisor) ; Chrpová, Diana (referee)
Diploma thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. I dedicated the theoretical part not only to prenatal and perinatal obesity risk factors, but also to diagnosis, management, health complications and prevention. In the practical part, I described the outcomes of the questionnaire survey dedicated to the mothers of children aged 1-7 years. The aim of this thesis was to find out the occurrence of selected risk factors for childhood obesity. I found out that in my study group, there were some risk factors represented in relatively small quantity (for example smoking during pregnancy, smoking during breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus). Other risk factors, such as mother's or father's obesity were frequent. Some risk factors for childhood obesity are obvious, while others have not yet been proved to be directly related to obesity. However, we can certainly suggest, that the healthy parents' weight, alcohol and nicotine abstinence and exclusive breastfeeding at least until the end of fourth month of life are the factors beneficial not only for the health of the child. Key words: childhood obesity; diet during pregnancy; nutritional programming; obesity prevention; obesity risk factors
|
|
|
The effect of spa treatment on changes of anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese pediatric patients
Pejšová, Hana ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kytnarová, Jitka (referee) ; Chrpová, Diana (referee)
Childhood obesity is currently considered a serious pediatric problem. The main risk of this metabolic disease lies in the shift of comorbidities associated with obesity to ever younger age categories. This is also related to the increasing overall cardiometabolic risk in these obese individuals. Early detection and treatment of childhood obesity is an essential task of pediatrics. The possibility of non-pharmacological treatment of childhood obesity is spa treatment. It consists of intensive reduction therapy, which includes nutritional, physical and educational interventions. The aim of the study was to monitor changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters after monthly treatment in pediatric patients. Furthermore, to identify and specify selected potential markers of cardiometabolic risk that significantly correlate with BMI and could be useful in children and adolescents. The thesis also focused in detail on two adipocyte hormones - leptin and adiponectin, which already correlate with the amount of adipose tissue in the pediatric population. These hormones could become significant predictive parameters of metabolic syndrome, subclinical atherosclerosis and other comorbidities associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk, already in children. Based on our measurements we can confirm...
|
|
|
Physical activity and sports as an alternative to leisure time spending for children and youth in the era of digital technologies
Pospíšek, Pavel ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
This master thesis aims on the means of how Czech children and youth spend their leisure time. Great focus is also given to attractivness of the activities. The problem addressed by the author in this thesis is the increasing percentage of the prevalence of childhood obesity in the Czech Republic and it's connection with the increase in technological dependency of children and youth. The main goal of this thesis is to describe whether there is a connection between the aforementioned phenomena. Another goal focuses on ways of spending free time and base on author's own research adresses the attractivness of the activities, i.e. which leisure time activities are more and less attractive for children and youth, what children enjoy in their free time and how they really spend it. For these purposes, the author sets up hypotheses in the thesis, the validity of which is addressed by the research questions in order to achieve the main objectives of the work. The author defines the basic concepts for better orientation in the text which is divided into analytical and empirical parts. The author even introduces two new concepts: the online world and the offline world. In the final part of the thesis the author suggests the possibility of connecting the online world and the offline world for further...
|
|
| |
|
|
The influence of spa care in the treatment of childhood obesity
Brtníková, Veronika ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Karbanová, Martina (referee)
Worldwide, childhood overweight and obesity represents a pandemic. Thus, it is important to discuss this issue and solve it. The theoretical part focuses on the definition and diagnosis of childhood obesity. It also deals with different causes and consequences of weight gain in children. One chapter is dedicated to childhood obesity prevention at national and family level. Finally, treatments provided to cure the affected children are outlined in this bachelor thesis. The practical part focuses on treatment stays for children in Olivova dětská léčebna, o.p.s. during two treatment stays. It deals with the change in body weight and body composition during the stay in medical environment. It also describes different therapies used during these stays - particularly nutrition therapy, sport activities and patient education. Six months after the completion of the treatment stay children's parents or paediatricians were contacted and children's current body height and weight was assessed. These figures were compared with the values the children had when they finished their treatment stay. A part of this study was also the information whether these children see the experts regularly and participate in patient education repeatedly and how these consultations affect the further weight loss. All children lost...
|
|
|
The infuence of commercial ads on childhood obesity
Ondová, Adriána ; Divoká, Jana (advisor) ; Kytnarová, Jitka (referee)
Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. It is a global problem is increasing at an alarming rate and is still affecting many low and middle- income countries. In 2016, over 41 million under the age of five were overweight. The theoretical part in the first chapter deals with the development of eating, and also cognitive and emotional development. The thesis deals with the principle of advertising, subliminal manipulation, types of advertising, ethics and laws restricting advertising especially for children - in the second chapter. The last chapter observes the etiopathogenesis of childhood obesity, the risks of childhood obesity as well as its treatment and prevention. The form of the practical part is a standardized structured interview. The sample of respondents are children from Prague and its surroundings at the age of 8-12 years. This sample was gathered mostly from primary school in Chodovec but also via social network in the form of an advertisement. As children from the age of seven are able to critically assess advertising, it was interesting to see their reactions and responses in this research. The respondents were divided into two research groups, non-obese and obese. Research has shown that the presence of animated/cartoon characters...
|
|
|
The relationship between eating habits and nutrition-related knowledge of grade nine students of elementary schools and design of nutrition education program
Kočí, Jana ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Obesity and the number overweight of children are currently major global issues. According to the Regional Office for Europe (2006) obesity has risen three times over the last two decades worldwide. The attention is currently focused on health promotion and disease prevention among the population through comprehensive health education starting in the early age of individuals, aimed to slow down the increasing incidence of obesity and related health issues. This thesis discusses the pedagogical aspects of health, specifically the options on how to shape nutritional habits of elementary and middle school students and how to systematically deepen the required knowledge about healthy nutrition by implementation of nutrition education programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between dietary habits and healthy nutrition knowledge of grade nine students in elementary schools from the South Bohemian region in Czech Republic. A validated Nutritional survey and Nutritional knowledge quiz were designed to determine the relationship between knowledge and behavior of grade nine students from South Bohemia elementary schools. The validity of the Nutritional survey and the Nutritional knowledge quiz were tested using analytical analysis of all survey and test items and examining...
|
|
|
The influence of the family social and financial background on the origin of children's obesity
Vokurková, Zuzana ; Pejšová, Hana (advisor) ; Chrpová, Diana (referee)
: Obesity is a very serious health and social-economic worldwide problem today. Childhood obesity means a higher risk of obesity and other associated health problems in later adulthood. As some research shows, every fourth child in the Czech Republic is overweight and every seventh child is obese. The cause of obesity is not only poor eating habits and lack of physical activity, but also genetic, psychological and socio-economic factors. For this reason, prevention itself is an important and only successful step. The main goal of this bachelor thesis was to find the connection between the socio - financial background of the family and the childhood obesity. Find out if the level of education and the level of family income affect childhood obesity. The work also focuses on mapping the eating habits of obese children in connection with social and financial backgrounds. The materials for the theoretical part of the thesis were obtained from professional literature, medical journals, articles and internet sources WHO, SZÚ, ÚZIS. Child obesity and socio-economic influences have been defined in this section. The research part of the work was carried out in the form of a quantitative questionnaire survey, which was anonymous and entirely voluntary. The questionnaire was submitted and approved by the...
|
|
|
Prevention and treatment of childhood obesity in the Czech Republic with a focus on physical activity
Štveráková, Tereza ; Vitujová, Marie (advisor) ; Ptáková, Karolína (referee)
This bachelor's thesis summarizes the issues related to childhood obesity and the possibilities of its prevention and treatment in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a definition of childhood obesity, its medical complications and consequences, investigative procedures, methods of prevention and therapy, a list and description of some of the programmes and projects promoting exercise and health and it also contains the information about the physical activity. The practical part is focused on the case interpretation of 4 patients of children obesitology in the Motol University Hospital, on the description of regular ongoing exercises in the Motol Hospital and on the description of the children's medical institutions. Within the group exercise a process of lessons and a current leaflet is described. Based on the arrangement with 2 physiotherapists a new leaflet entitled "Piece of cake" is created with the intention of replacing the existing leaflet. The brochure "Piece of cake" is based on the existing flyer, however some previous exercises are replaced or changed there. An inicial card with the description of the childhood obesity is also added, along with the principles of each of the exercises and with the description of the correct posture. Newly, the material is supplemented with...
|
guest ::
