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Development and present situation in Germany and its position in the European union
Štursová, Eva ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šaroch, Stanislav (referee)
The aim of my thesis is to analyze the German economy and chart position of Germany in the European Union. Emphasis will be placed on the current economic position of Germany and changes caused by the global financial and debt crisis. The first chapter introduces the political system and assesses the socio-economic characteristics of the country. The second chapter describes the economic development of both East and West Germany after World War II. The success of the social market economy of West Germany is assessed, contrasting the development in East Germany that focused on heavy industry. The economic situation after the unification of Germany is analyzed in the third chapter by using macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation, current account balance and unemployment. Further attention is paid to foreign trade and investment abroad by German and foreign investments in Germany. The second part of third chapter describes the global financial and subsequent debt crisis and its impact on the German economy. The last chapter deals with the position of Germany in the European Union and solving current problems in the Eurozone.
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The demographic problems of Japan and Russia
Kovářová, Alena ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Machytka, Daniel (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the current demographic situation in Japan and Russia. The work focuses especially on the issue of an aging population, which is also discussed in the theoretical part, as well as the current global demographic trends. The bachelor thesis predicts possible variations of demographic trends and in some cases also suggests solution to the problems.
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Changes in the age structure of the economically active population
Doležalová, Petra ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Šimková, Martina (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I devote mainly to changes in the age structure of the economically active population of the Czech Republic and the anticipated impacts on our labor market. I use not only the studies carried out by the EU Commission and mention the solution of this problem in the other European Union countries. In the first part of this work I describe the basic demographic indicators, which have a considerable influence on the structural changes. These include the extending particularly life expectancy, as well as fertility rate, mortality rate and finally migration rate. In the second part I focus on the labor market of the Czech Republic and especially to a group of economically active population. I also talk about the economic inactivity and increasing number of students of universities and higher vocational schools. As a practical example I mention the situation in one of the economic organizations, where I focused primarily on the position of managers and employees themselves to the problem of demographic aging. Finally, I deal with the status of the European Union to a problem with changing age structure of the economically active population , where I present the recommended reform of the EU Commission. At the end, I describe the reforms in Germany in the last 20 years that solved the problems with the pension reform and pension system, which might be an example of our governments.
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Impact of migration on the selected socio-economic indicators
Vrána, Martin ; Macháček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of migration. In the theoretical level the work defines the term migration, further it discusses its reasons, forms, types and consequences. In the practical level the work examines the impact of migration on the socio-economic indicators. It is focused to characteristics of the migration impacts on social and economic indicators of the Czech Republic. The aim of the work is to assess the situation, which could arise in the future as a direct consequence of migration. The work further also brings information about the current situation and migration development in the Czech Republic, it also informs what kind of migration policy was chosen by the Czech Government and discusses the topic of national minorities living in our country. Selected goal of the work is processed in a third part, which discuss economic, social and demographic aspect of migration.
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The sustainability of current health care system in the Czech Republic
Jůza, Jaromír ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the current system of financing health care in the Czech Republic is sustainable without the aggresive reform steps and by analyzing the current situation to ponose specific measures in the form of continous regular savings to pay for health care in the future. The first part focuses on the factors influencing the shape of the health system. The second part is devoted to the future development of the health care system by 2050, according to analysis of data with the predictions of demographic trends by comparing the costs of insured by the age group of statistics. This section includes calculations of costs of health care for a patient in 2050 and overall financial balance of health system and then set out to answer the question, ie whether the current system of financing health care is sustainable. The third part is analyzed by the introduction of medical saving accounts, with the possibility for the CR. The last part focuses on the design according to the author's opinion, the best solution for the future lack of funding in the health system. I present a program that would address some variant of patients participation and which would have enabled the citizens to keep throughout life saving funds for these payments. This model is applied to life insurance products. The actual modeling is done with the outputs of the five products of financial institutions, namely Allianz Insurance Company, Amcico insurance company, Czech insurance company, Generali insurance company and Kooperativa insurance company.
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Exploitation of older people as the one of the means to stabilisation of the Czech pension system
Hotovec, Pavel ; Szabová, Lucia (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
The aging of population is one of the topics that are nowadays often discussed by economists. It affects the sustainability of public finances and so indirectly an operation of whole Czech economy. According to an analysis of specialists, the demographic trend shows the unsustainability of a current pension system. Very likely there will be a huge number of older citizens on the labour market in a few decades. My bachelor thesis is focused on the Czech labor market and it is trying to discover the causes of this phenomenen, to evaluace future development and to offer possible solutions. It also deals with the basic description of the labour market entities, workers and an employers. Their potential incentives for involvement in a employment and a prediction of the future development in the labor market. It evaluates the economic policy which these preferences to a greater or lesser extet affect. Only these policies can make from current unsustainable system a system relatively stable, which will be acceptable for all citizens.
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Current trends of social services: Evaluate the impacts of the reforms of social services in the Central Bohemia Region
Beranová, Lucie ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Říhová, Vladimíra (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the current trends of social services and assesses the impacts of reforms in Central Bohemia region. The goal of diploma thesis is the analysis of the effectiveness of the social services financing in Central Bohemia region and subsequent prognosis of development of the resident social services when an ageing of population is taken into account. In the theoretical part the thesis focuses on unsustainability of the concept of welfare state in the area of social services. Special attention is devoted to the multi-resources financing of social services and its ineffectiveness. Analytical part of the thesis confirms an ineffectiveness of the social services financing with the use of concrete cases of home of seniors in Central Bohemia region. During analysis the inspections of the social services and research among providers of the social services were used as a starting point. On the basis of this knowledge the strategic SWOT analysis which summes up the impacts of the reform in Central Bohemia region was carried out.
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Consequences of population ageing on the development of its social and health needs.
PRYLOVÁ, Pavla
The main factors which influence these social and health facilities during the planning of social and health services are a demographic prognosis, the social structure of its inhabitants, the informal support and solidarity within the family, and also the geographic profile of the region, urbanization, human settlement and the extent of municipality. The planning of social and health services has to follow modern principles in social services which are widely used in Western Europe. The goal of this thesis is to undertake research in the capacity and quality of health and social services and the use of these services by seniors in the region. The next goal is to see if modern European principles are applied in the social and health services in the region. This research was carried out though the analysis of documents and methods of questioning. This research has shown that there is a lack of institutional social and health services in the region. Also modern European principles have not been applied in the social and health services.
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Simulation models of pension insurance due to demographic development in the CR
Pudil, Lubomír ; Kuncová, Martina (advisor) ; Vopátek, Jiří (referee)
The issue of an aging population, pension systems and pension themselves, are currently very actual, interesting and socially topics discussed. In my diploma thesis on simulation models of pension insurance due to demographic development in the CR I used simulation experiments, including those based primarily on the Monte Carlo method, tackling issues and negatives surrounding pension insurance with state contribution, which, as one of the financial products market, is the second pillar of pension system in the Czech Republic. Pension scheme of pension insurekce with state contibution gives participants the advantages and benefits in the form of state subsidy, the possibility of reducing the income tax base on the part of the contributions paid, proceeds from fund management and the possibility of contributions from the employer. On the other hand, play an important role, weaknesses and shortcomings of this system. Again, the most important may be considered inseparateness fund's assets from an estate participants, inappropriately designed state contribution, the high average age of participants and relatively low rate of return on fund management. Negatives mentioned above were reflected in the simulation experiments, when the linear state contribution was designed and was considered for the new system of pension saving in combination with a linear state contribution, which appears to be a more appropriate and beneficial for both participants on the one hand, and the state (impact on public spendings) on the other.
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The impact of population aging on the labor market equilibrium in the Czech Republic
Burtinová, Andrea ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Lapáček, Michal (referee)
This document discusses the impact of aging on the labour market in the Czech Republic to examine the labour market situation and propose options for solving the consequences of aging. The theoretical part is introduced by two publications, in which is the impact of aging on the labour market based on the projection of the demographic changes in OECD countries by 2050. Next part of this paper focuses on the definition of basic demographic indicators. Afterwards, there are described approaches of international organizations to this problem. The analytical section begins with the demographic characteristics of the population in the Czech Republic, followed by the projection of future demographic trends. Then, the paper analyzes the situation on the labour market in the Czech Republic. The paper is closed up by the review of the labour market in the Czech Republic and by recommendations for the identified issues, which are divided into 4 parts, according to policy goals set in The Implementation Regional Strategy by United Nations.
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