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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of Patient after liver transplantation and colon resection
Pavlíček, Jan ; Vláčilová, Ivana (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
v Abstract Author: Jan Pavlíček Title: A case report of physiotherapeutic treatment provided to a patient following liver transplantation and colon resection Objectives: This bachelor thesis aimed to introduce theoretical information concerning issues with a liver transplant, and large intestine resection and elaborate on a case report of a patient that underwent the above-mentioned procedures. Methods: This bachelor's thesis is divided into two parts. The liver and large intestine's anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology are discussed in the first general section. Following chapters are devoted to the main treatment options for advanced liver diseases, i.e. liver transplantation, and indication and possibilities of colon resection. Physiotherapeutic approaches used in the mentioned procedures and further options of treatment for these patients are mentioned in the later chapters. The second specialized part describes a case report of a patient post-liver transplantation and large intestine resection. Included is a report of therapies that the patient underwent as part of ongoing professional practice in IKEM in January and the beginning of February 2023. Results: The patient was not showing any signs of improvement after the therapeutic interventions. This was due to many factors including the general...
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of an Adult Patient after a liver transplant
Mahenová, Barbora ; Stupková, Michaela (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Author: Barbora Mahenová Supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Stupková Title: Case report of physiotherapeutic care of an adult patient after liver transplantation Objectives: The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the theoretical information about liver transplantation and to prepare a detailed case report of an adult patient who underwent this surgery. Methods: The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge about liver transplantation, specifically about indications and contraindications for transplantation, waiting list, organ donation, complications of the procedure, immunosuppressive therapy and quality of life of patients after liver transplantation. Furthermore, the theoretical part covers the general principles of rehabilitation after transplantation and physiotherapeutic examination and therapeutic methods and procedures. The special part includes a detailed case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient who has undergone liver transplantation. The case report also includes a description of the therapies that took place as part of a continuous professional practice at the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague between January and February 2023. Results: The patient achieved an improvement in fitness and a significant reduction in pain in the surgical wound area over...
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Dopad alimentární expozice bisfenolu S na vybrané orgány laboratorních potkanů
ROČEŇOVÁ, Adéla
The present thesis investigated the impact of a ten-week oral exposure to BPS (50 ?g/kg live weight/day) in female outbred Wistar Han rats. The effect of BPS exposure on live weight, absolute and relative kidney and liver weights, morphometric parameters of kidney and renal corpuscles, histopathological changes of kidney and liver were evaluated. In addition, the concentration of total protein, triacylglycerols, cholesterol, urea and alanine aminotransferase activity were determined in blood serum.
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Dopad různé alimentární expozice bisfenolu na játra potkanů
LABUDOVÁ, Kateřina
Bisphenol S (BPS) is an organic compound widely used in industrial production as a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA) for which negative impacts on the human body have been demonstrated and have therefore been significantly regulated. However, as time progresses, the negative properties of BPS are also shown, especially for the endocrine and reproductive systems. The liver is an organ in which xenobiotics are detoxified and thus BPS and BPA. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to verify whether 10-week oral exposure to BPS (4 g, 50 g, 100 mg/kg bw/day) and BPA (100 mg/kg bw/day) will lead to a negative impact on body weight, weight gain, weight and morphological liver structure and on the concentration of triglycerides, cholesterol, total white-vinas, urea and alkaline phosphatase activity in blood serum. The experiment involved 24 rats. BPA and BPS were administered daily by gastric tube in sunflower oil. The results of our research clearly did not show a negative effect of BPS and BPA in rats on body weight, absolute gain, absolute and relative liver weight in rats. There was also no evidence of histopathological changes in rat liver. In contrast, bio-chemical parameters were altered compared to the control group. Decreases in trigly-cerides, total protein content, urea, alkaline phosphatase activity and increases in serum cholesterol were noted. In the 50 g/kg body weight/day group of rats, the highest and lowest decreases in biochemical parameters were observed, respectively. The exposure dose of 100 mg BPS and BPA in our experiment did not cause liver histopathological changes or changes in biochemical parameters according to the hy-pothesis. A possible explanation could be given by the carrier for which sunflower oil with natural antioxidant content was used.
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Vitamin D blood level and its relationship to recurrent childhood diseases
HAVLOVÁ, Adéla
"Vitamin D blood level, factors that affect it, and its relationship to reccurent infections" is topic repeatedly discussed in domestic and foreign literature. This topic is a multidisciplinary issue, but it mainly relates to nutrition and sun exposure. The aim of this study is to map relationship of vitamin blood levels in relation to diseases of the respiratory system, vitamin D suplementation, recurrent infections, usage of sunscreen with a protective factor, nutrition and outdoor stay in winter months. The study was conducted on a research sample of preschool children. Two sets of data were used to evaluate objectives and research questions. The first research group consisted of 48 children and had 2 groups. The first group of 21 children was established in the Waldorf kindergarten in Rudolfov and the second group of 17 children was created in a non-state medical facility in Trebon. The first research consisted of 48 children who were tested on vitamin D blood level and filled survey questionnaire. The second research consisted of 61 children who were tested on vitamin D blood level in a non-state medical facility. Some results of this study are contradictory because of inadequate methodology. Positive results have been shown with vitamin D supplementation, higher consumption of liver, eggs and daily intake of vegetable oils.
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Evaluation of antibody quality for Endoglin detection in liver
Kejzlarová, Eliška ; Svobodová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Tripská, Katarína (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with endoglin, a transmembrane glycoprotein that can be cleaved to form so-called soluble endoglin, which then circulates in the blood. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to cardiovascular and liver diseases related to changes in the expression or level of endoglin in the blood and summarizes current knowledge about endoglin and its relation to various diseases. The experimental part of the thesis describes the selection of a suitable antibody against endoglin intended for western blot (WB). We have four anti-endoglin primary antibodies available from three manufacturers. The purpose was to test the antibodies and determine, which one had the best ability to detect endoglin in mouse tissue samples such as liver or aorta on WB. Affiblot was used to verify their ability to bind endoglin and also to compare their affinities to this protein. Newly developed patented dot-blot-based device. The binding of the used antibodies to endoglin was verified using the WB method and then the results of both methods were compared. The obtained results showed that the Abcam antibody has the most suitable parameters regarding specificity and sensitivity for the identification of endoglin in mouse tissue on WB. Keywords: endoglin, soluble endoglin, NASH, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic...
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A Case study of Physiotherapy on a Patient after Liver Transplantation
Hettiaratchi, Lukas ; Kučerová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sárazová, Daniela (referee)
Title: A Case Study of Physiotherapy on a Patient after Liver Transplantation Author: Lukas Hettiaratchi Objectives: The purpose of this work is to review in-depth theory concerning liver transplantations along with the rehabilitation process that entails it. Moreover, create an adequate case study of a patient after liver transplantation. Methods: This work is divided into two sections, the theoretical part, and the special part. The first part consists of information gathered through scientific literature, it includes the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of the liver. Furthermore, it dives into the specifics of liver transplantations and recommended physiotherapy. The second section exhibits a complete case study of early post-operative physiotherapy on a patient after liver transplantation. The case study was conducted during a month of clinical practice at Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny (IKEM) from the 10/01/2022 - 04/02/2022. Results: The patient significantly progressed throughout the physiotherapeutic care. Their overall physical condition improved, that led to the ability of independent verticalization and gait. Keywords: Liver, transplantation, alcohol liver disease, portal hypertension, ascites, physiotherapy
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Histological image of healthy liver and comparison with liver steatosis and cirrhosis.
Čulíková, KIára ; Svobodová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
The liver is a very important parenchymatous organ for humans. Their function can be impaired by various influences. Common noxins include hepatotropic viruses and other microorganisms, alcohol and other toxins, including drugs, metabolic disorders, biliary obstruction, tumors, genetic abnormalities, and others. The work focuses on the comparison of histological images and clinical diagnosis of healthy individuals with steatosis and cirrhosis. The theoretical part describes the anatomy, physiology and histology of the liver with the perihepatic area. The next chapters focus on the clinic of steatosis and cirrhosis. The practical part describes the procedures for the preparation of healthy and affected liver preparations, as well as the histological methods used for staining individual cell structures. The result of comparing diagnoses of histological specimens and clinical diagnoses of individuals is 94.23 % agreement. Although the found discrepancy of diagnoses is small (5.77 %), it is a reason to think about the development and use of new or modified methods, including the creation of various calculators, including clinical data. Key words: histology, liver, steatosis, cirrhosis
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Pharmacological and metabolic influence on liver mitochondrial functions
Sobotka, Ondřej ; Červinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kuncová, Jitka (referee) ; Žurmanová, Jitka (referee)
Liver mitochondria play a crucial role in intermediary metabolism and main metabolic pathways. We evaluated the pharmacological effect on liver mitochondria in vitro using two novel anticancer drugs: 3-bromopyruvate and α-tocopheryl succinate. Metabolic influence on liver mitochondria was performed in vivo by high fat and high cholesterol diet. Toxicity of both drugs was evaluated in cell cultures of hepatocytes isolated from rat and mouse liver. The effect of anticancer drugs on liver mitochondrial functions in vitro was studied on suspensions of isolated liver mitochondria, tissue homogenate and permeabilized hepatocytes. Mitochondrial respiration was measured using high-resolution respirometry. 3-bromopyruvate caused morphological and functional damage of primary rat and mouse hepatocytes in cell cultures; this toxic effect was accompanied by an increase of reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. 3-bromopyruvate decreased the oxygen consumption of mitochondria energized by substrates for complex I and complex II. α-Tocopheryl succinate caused a decrease of succinate-dependent respiration in all experimental models both in coupled and in uncoupled states. The most pronounced effect of α-tocopheryl succinate was apparent in isolated mitochondria and the least pronounced...
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