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Molecular identification and phylogeny of \kur{Chlorella} spp. production strains utilized in algal biotechnologies
VODIČKA, Tomáš
Green algae are quite important primary producers in fresh waters. The genus Chlorella represents one of algae most frequently utilized in algal biotechnologies to produce biomass, using either autotrophic or heterotrophic cultivation systems. It is than exploited as a food supplement for humans or animals. However, particular species within the genus are morphologically indistinguishable and molecular markers should be used to characterize production strains. This work is aimed to molecularly characterize three production strains of Chlorella for patent protection purposes and to specify their phylogenetic and taxonomic position.
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Sources of Sorbus aria agg. variation
Bílá, Jana ; Urfus, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chumová, Zuzana (referee)
Genus Sorbus is a very complex group of vascular plants. Various genetic lineages which can be fixed by apomixis are driven by interspecific hybridisation and polyploidy. Species from S. aria agg. have the highest variation probably due to an extra mechanism - introgressive hybridisation. There are several concepts of the aggregate which are usually based on three main species: S. aria, S. umbellatta and S. graeca. Therefore, new microspecies are derived by genome doubling and hybridisation between the main species. Units of the aggregate are assessed differently as the distinction of taxa is very complicated due to the overlap of the morphological variability. The aggregate itself can be sometimes considered as a category for species of uncertain origin or identification. Four species from S. aria agg. occur in the Czech Republic. In addition, the conclusion offers questions that will be addressed in the master's thesis.
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Chemical communication in field mice of the genus ApodemusApodemus
Obstová, Lucie ; Stopka, Pavel (advisor) ; Vohralík, Vladimír (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with a special sebaceous organ that probably serves as a chemical communication means with four species of Apodemus field mouse - A. flavicollis, A. sylvaticus, A. agrarius and A. microps. This organ is found on the ventral side of a tail, so it is classified as a caudal organ. It consists of significantly enlarged sebaceous glands. It is particularly developed mainly with males; however, both females and infants have it as well. Its morphological structure has the same base regardless of the species, gender, and/or age; however the extent of development varies among species. The organ releases a secretion whose chemical content is unknown so far. Thanks to the gas-liquid chromatography, researchers have found out that there are both variations in the secretion contents among individual species, as well as within the same species. This kind of secretion is basically a characteristic feature of an individual, as it bears information about the species, gender, age and even the population affiliation. Functions of the organ stay unknown as well. It might serve to mark the territory, to play a role in social interactions (i.e. agonistic behaviour) and/or to be an important part of copulatory behaviour.
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Complex I of mitochondrial respiratory chain a its disorders.
Rodinová, Marie ; Kalous, Martin (referee) ; Hansíková, Hana (advisor)
NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) is a multisubunit protein complex of inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex I is the biggest and most complicated part of oxidative phosphorylation system, which is responsible for the cell ATP production. It consists of 45 subunits. 7 subunits are mitochondrial encoded, remainder 38 are nuclear encoded. NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase has L-shaped structure, which is built of two arms: membrane arm and matrix located peripheral arm. Complex I oxidize the NADH molecule. The electron transport is coupled with proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane to intermembrane space, where proton gradient developed and which is used by ATP synthase to ATP synthesis. Deficiencies of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase represent extensive, clinically and genetic heterogeneous group of mitochondrial diseases. Decrease of activity and amount of complex I, decrease of ATP production, changes of membrane potential, mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial network and increasing of production of reactive oxygen species are found in cells with defects of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Combination of this features lead to serious illnesses, which are almost fatal and we still haven't any useful therapy. Aim of this study is to summarize present knowledge about...
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The Specific of Nursing Care in Patient Undergoing the Examination of Bone Marrow
ČOUDKOVÁ, Marie
Haematology is a medical field. It is the study ofblood cells. It studies blood cells from the point of their morphology, quantity and function. The clinical haematology focuses on the irregularities in a patient´s blood and studies how the irregularitiesdiffer from the patient´s normal physiological condition. Due to this work haematology can help with diagnosis of other diseases. In haematology many investigative methods are used. One of them is aspiration and biopsy of bone marrow which is a hematopoietic tissue daily producing a large number of blood cells. Unless the formation of blood cells is sufficient enough, the disabled person may be at risk of their life. When the function of bone marrow is affected the patient may be impinged by serious infections, anemia risk or bleeding tendency. Bone marrow is examined for suspicion of haematological or oncology illnesses. Therefore, it has a very important rolein diagnosis of these. It is performed bya prolonged fever, mainly among the people who have a bad immune system. For blood collection are used investigative methodswhich consist ofaspiration and percutaneous bone marrow biopsy. These physical examinations provide some pieces of information about the condition and the ability of the blood cells´ production of bone marrow. Very important part of this physical examination is a specific nursing care. This bachelor´s thesis is focused on the specific nursing care of the patients who undergo the examinations of bone marrow. This thesis mainly includes the methods of bone marrow harvest, how the patients are informed about the examination of bone marrow,the patients´ nursing care after the operation and the role of a nurse at the haematological ward. The introduction of the theoretical part involves physiology of bone marrow and the study of haematology. The other parts discuss indication for bone marrow examination, haematological and oncological illnesses, bone marrow aspiration or percutaneous biopsy of bone marrow. The large part of the thesis deals with bone marrow aspiration, the process of the operation and the nursing care. It also focuses on percutaneous biopsy of marrow bone where the meaning of the examination and the process of bone marrow harvest operation are explained. At the end of the theoretical part a collection of hematopoietic stem cells from particular peripheral blood in mentioned. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out certain specifics of nursing care of the patients who undergo the examination of bone marrow. The following research questions were selected: What are the specifics of nursing care of the patients who undergo trepanobiopsy? What are the specifics of the patients who undergo aspiration (sternal puncture)? What are a preparation and assistance of a nurse during the examination of bone marrow? Which roles does the nurse have during the examination of bone marrow? How are the patients informed about the bone marrowexamination? The practical part includes results from a quantitative survey which was a semi-structured interview. The resulting interviews were written and then were processed by a certified coding technique. The research group comprised six nurses working in the haematological ward and six patients who have undergone the examination of bone marrow. Regarding the gathered results, an information brochure was put forward as a part of the thesis (see Annex number 5) and was oriented especially at patients undergoing the bone marrow examination. The brochure will be proposed for practical use at haematological wards.
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Interior Design of a Café
Zemánková, Kateřina ; Kolesár, Zdeno (referee) ; Zdařil, Zdeněk (advisor)
The thesis deals with the reconstruction of the café in a historic building on Svoboda Square in Mohelnice. To the revitalized interior, dominated by brick vault was introduced a new and fresh design. The café has two basic spaces. In the first lighter room is located bar and a few tables with long benches and chairs. The back room features a private sitting area overlooking the atrium of the building. Simple shapes and natural materials create contrast with the historic vault. Use indirect lighting is achieved pleasant and intimate atmosphere. An essential element of the interior is a custom made chair that their morphology fit into the concept of the café.
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Synura echinulata (Synurales) - silica scale plasticity in natural populations influenced by environmental factors; accompanying scaled chrysophytes
Kreidlová, Jana ; Němcová, Yvonne (advisor) ; Hodač, Ladislav (referee)
The silica scale shape variation in Synura echinulata has been investigated only in laboratory conditions, so far. The aim of this thesis was to study scale shape variation in natural populations and to determine which environmental parameters influence the scale shape. The scale shape variation was investigated using landmark-based methods of geometric morphometrics. Scale shape changes related to environmental factors were analyzed using the two-block method PLS (Partial Least-Squares analysis) and adonis (R). The scale shape was mostly influenced by locality, pH and altitude. Shape distinguished populations of S. echinulata probably exist in different localities. The more distant localities are, the less similar are scales of S. echinulata in their shape. This scale shape variation is probably genetically determined, even thought all so far sequenced populations belong to the same species. High morphological disparity which was probably caused by anthropogenic pollution, was recorded in the locality Brdy. During sampling of the natural populations of Synura echinulata in the Czech Republic, several localities representing a significant reservoirs of species diversity, were found. Therefore, the thesis was extended and biodiversity research in the Czech Republic was added. A few samples were...
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The influence of the autochthonous yeasts and technological process on the chemical parameters the wine
Chmelová, Petra ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with influence of the autochthonous yeasts and technological process on the chemical parameters of the wine. The theoretical part describes the history of viticulture in the world and in Bohemia and Moravia, characteristics of grapevine, morphological structure and chemical structure of grapes. There are also analyzed the individual proces steps in the production of wine and consequently the most commonly used of analytical methods for the examination of the must samples. The experimental section presents the results obtained by monitoring chemical changes in the examined musts during fermentation. Experimentally measured parameters in this work are reducing sugars, pH, titratable acids and ethanol content in the samples must. The samples used for analysis were from variety of the Grüner Veltliner from village Kobylí.
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TV News as a Communicative Means
Ružbacká, Jana ; Holanová, Radka (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee)
Bachelor thesis TV news as a communicative means deals with the analysis of two main broadcasting corporations, Česká televize with its' news broadcast Události and TV Nova and its' Televizní noviny. The first part, theoretical, explains important terms, e.g. news, journalism style, news broadcast, news broadcast style. Practical part focuses on analysis from the different linguistic levels (morphology, lexicology, syntax, infotainment and tabloid news). The analysed days were the following: 16. 1., 17. 1. and 18. 1. 2012. The aim was to find identical features or differences. The thesis ends with the overall analysis. It also consists analysis of headlines and introductory parts of news broadcast, comparison of news broadcast from the view of length of news.
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