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Language Awareness of Children at the Early School
Votrubová, Alena ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the linguistic awareness of children at the first and second grade of elementary school in both reading methods, i.e. the analytic-synthetic and the genetic method of reading. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the critical analysis of the terms "linguistic awareness" and "linguistic sense" is done and further the approaches and traditions used abroad are compared to actual situation in the Czech Republic. In the analytic part of the thesis, the research project focused on the comparison of two tests of linguistic awareness is developed. The first method is the traditional Linguistic Sense Examination (Žlab, 1992), used not only for the diagnosing of the specific learning disorders, but also for diagnosing of bilingual children, children from minority groups and children with hearing or mental disabilities. The second method is the new Linguistic Awareness Test (Kucharská, Šmejkalová, under the preparation) prepared in the cooperation with Department of Czech Language and the Department of psychology PedF UK. In the research project, there were 40 schoolchild from the first and second grade of elementary school, 20 of them in the analytic-synthetic method of reading and 20 of them in the genetic method of reading. Several areas were monitored. Firstly, the...
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Minimal pairs in Czech sign language
Silovská, Zuzana ; Richterová, Klára (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
This thesis research focuses on the minimal pairs in the Czech sign language, in which segment a distinctive position may be filled by any parameter character (hand shape, place of articulation, movement, palm orientation, the orientation of the fingers, hands arrangement, and contact). The main part of this work is a one-handed and two-hand analysis of characters in which the hand / hands in the shape of the hand and closed, respectively in the shape of A, A0, A roof, sA and tA. The analyzed material was obtained from the Czech elicitation deaf native Czech sign language, and several excerption Czech sign language dictionaries. The main attention is concentrated on a detailed description of the manual components of signs and indication of possible semantic relationships between the characters figures in minimal pairs. In conclusion, the analytical part is an overview of phonemes found, possible variants of phonemes and frequency representation of character types and shapes of the hand / hands, places of articulation and places of contacts. Key words: phonology, phoneme, allophone, minimal pair, Czech sign language, sign parameter, manual component character
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Developing pronunciation through musical activities in French lessons
Prucek, Jan ; Klinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jančík, Jiří (referee)
Title of the thesis: Developing pronunciation through musical activities in French lessons Keywords: communicative approach, phonetics, phonology, pronunciation, prosody, activity, music, rhythm, rhythmisation, melody, tempo, intonation, accent, song, rap, facial expressions Abstract: This thesis deals with the teaching of French phonetics, considers the status of phonetics in communicatively oriented teaching, and comes to the fact that the teaching of phonetics and phonology is not a priority in the communicative approach. The work demonstrates the importance of such teaching, and therefore explores how the teaching of pronunciation or some of its components could be made more attractive. Based on the proven relationship of music and language, both as auditory phenomena, this thesis approaches the interwoven elements of these two areas. The aim is to explore how the musical elements, such as: rhythm, melody, tempo, phrasing, etc., could be used in the teaching of French pronunciation - especially at the suprasegmental level. The work offers a basic inventory of exercises which benefit from this characteristic and which has been verified in practice, and in the final analysis summarises their effectiveness in foreign language teaching.
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Influence of Phonetic Literacy on the Perception Ability of Czech Learners of English
Kaňák, Jakub ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Farrell, Mark Robert (referee)
The thesis covers the main points of L2 acquisition with the main focus on L2 perception and production. The relevant theories concerning acquisition of L2 phonology were outlined and some important points stressed, namely, the role of L1 phonology on L2 perception and subsequently production. The subjects of final stop devoicing and pre-fortis shortening were mentioned with relation to Czech speakers of English. In the practical part, the thesis provides an account of a perceptual experiment that focused on the perception of word-final /t/ and /d/ phonemes of English by Czech students of English phonetics. It was found that Czech students are susceptible to their L1 phonology in distinguishing the voicing contrast word-finally. No significant overall correlation was found between the knowledge of pre-fortis shortening and the performance in a subsequent perceptual test. Key words: speech perception, phonetics, phonology, second language acquisition
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Distinctive Features of Irish Accent
Uher, Tomáš ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Ženíšek, Jakub (referee)
TITLE: Distinctive Features of Irish Accent AUTOR: Tomáš Uher DEPARTMENT: Department of English Language and Literature SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Kristýna Poesová ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to examine the distinctive phonetic and phonological aspects of Irish English. The theoretical part provides a comprehensive description of the segmental and suprasegmental features of the Irish accent in contrast with the Received Pronunciation. The first section of the practical part analyses the speech of three Irish actors in Irish films and TV shows in order to examine the use of the distinctive features described in the theoretical part. The second section of the practical part presents a 45 minute long lesson plan on the Irish accent with suggested exercises for intermediate (B2) learners. KEY WORDS: accent, Irish, pronunciation, phonetics, phonology, lesson plan
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The Influence of Chinese Dialects on Standard Pronunciation of Modern Chinese
Kolísková, Barbora ; Pavlík, Štěpán (advisor) ; Zádrapa, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis is dealing with the influence of local varieties on approved pronunciation of PTH. Thesis is trying to specify the basic deviations in pronunciation of Mandarin Chinese according to phonological systems of local varieties. Phonological system of PTH is compared to the system of local varieties. Based on the differences between phonological systems of initial, finals and tones, is set the solution of the appearance of local PTH. This thesis is not back up with local research of PTH, because this kind of research is not a part of our work. We are aware of the lack of evidences caused by absence of local research. Our conclusions are confirmed only in additional sources. Even all this thesis provides the basic knowledge of the most common pronunciation deviations of PTH in China. This work could provide the basic information for additional research focussed on this topic.
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Annotated Translation: La phonétique (J, Vaissière, 2006, Paris, PUF)
Stoklasová, Hedvika ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mundevová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis Annotated Translation: La phonétique (J, Vaissière, 2006, Paris, PUF) is composed of two main parts. The first part presents a translation of the selected chapters of the book La phonétique written by Jacqueline Vaissière. The text was translated from the French language into the Czech language. The second part is a commentary consisting of an analysis of the original text and a description of the methods of translation and the most significant problems of translation that occurred during the translation process. Key words: phonetics, phonology, branches of phonetics, phonetics of French, annotated translation, methods of translation, problems of translation, text analysis
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The Issue of Rhythmic Groups in Spoken French
Kurková, Daniela ; Nováková, Sylva (advisor) ; Bořek - Dohalská, Marie (referee)
The study is concerned with the division of the French speech into rhythmic groups. The first part attempts to outline the theoretical background of the issue. The thesis is concerned with terms such as rhythmic groups, the French accent and the comparison between the French and the Czech phonetic system. The aim of the practical part of this paper is to find out to what extent Czech students of French at the Faculty of Education are able to use the phenomenon spontaneously in their speech with regard to the complete difference between the phonological rules of both languages. For reaching the aim of the paper several methodological procedures are employed. The first part which is concerned with theory books of both languages allows forming the hypothesis. Subsequently, the hypothesis is verified in quality-based research which examines the production of speech by Czech students. To analyze correctly the tested speech produced by Czech students, a comparison with speech recorded by French native speakers is used. The division into rhythmic groups and the correct use of accent are analyzed and evaluated in the final part. KEYWORDS Phonetics, Phonology, Rhythmic Groups, Accent, French
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