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Effect of Sleep Education and Behavioral Techniques on Sleep and Emotional Regulation in Patients with Insomnia.
Smolková, Eliška ; Janků, Karolina (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
This diploma thesis introduces the topic of a short-termed approach to treating insomnia. The theoretical part addresses healthy sleep and sleep assessment methods. It describes insomnia and a large part of the thesis is devoted to the treatment of this sleep disorder. The thesis introduces the relationship between emotional regulation and sleep. The aim of the empirical part is to investigate the effect of a short program dedicated to insomnia on sleep parameters (time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency), on the severity of insomnia and on difficulties in emotional regulation in individuals suffering from insomnia. The pilot research is examining the variables listed above before and after the programme. The results suggest significant changes in sleep parameters, insomnia severity and difficulties in emotional regulation after the programme. Limitations of the present study are discussed and recommendations for further research in the area of short-term therapies for insomnia are provided. Key words: insomnia; emotion regulation; behavioural approach; cognitive behavioural therapy
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Development of sensitive determination of diclofenac using fluorescent properties of complexes with cyclodextrins
Pekařová, Ivana ; Sklenářová, Hana (advisor) ; Chocholouš, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of analytical chemistry Candidate: Ivana Pekařová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Hana Sklenářová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Development of sensitive determination of diclofenac using fluorescent properties of complexes with cyclodextrins This experimental thesis deals with the development of a sensitive determination using the formation and detection of a complex consisting of an active substance and cyclodextrin (CD) using sequential injection analysis (SIA). A spectrofluorometer was used for subsequent detection. The tested biologically active substance was diclofenac in the form of sodium salt. In the beginning the conditions for setting the spectrofluorometer, namely the appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths, which were 364,5 and 290 nm, slit size and detection sensitivity were found. After that, 13 CDs were used in order to find the appropriate type and ratio of CD with diclofenac so that the measured fluorescence intensity differs from the intensity of CD alone. This testing divided the CDs into 4 groups. When testing the stability of selected complexes, the increase or decrease in fluorescence intensity over time was monitored to ensure the formation of complexes with CD. SIA was used to automate the determination,...
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Dentists' knowledge of temporomandibular joint problems from the point of view of physiotherapy in the Czech environment
Stupková, Petra ; Buriánková, Jitka (advisor) ; Vokounová, Šárka (referee)
Author: Bc. Petra Stupková Supervisor: Mgr. Jitka Buriánková Title: Knowledge of dentists about Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in Czech area Aims: The main aim of the thesis is to map the knowledge of dentists regarding temporomandibular joint disorders from the perspective of physiotherapy and contribute to improving interdisciplinary collaboration. Methods: The aim of the thesis is to map the awareness of dentists in the Czech Republic regarding the issues of functional disorders in the temporomandibular joint from the perspective of physiotherapy and the state of interdisciplinary cooperation. Furthermore, it seeks to enhance the awareness of interdisciplinary collaboration between these two professions. Results: A survey conducted among dentists practicing in the Czech Republic reveals that they observe a very low incidence of temporomandibular disorders among their patients. Dentists who refer their patients for physiotherapy report the treatment outcomes as unequivocally positive. The most common reason for referring patients to physiotherapy is pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint. On the other hand, the main reason why some dentists do not refer their patients for physiotherapy is the lack of availability of specialized physiotherapists. A significant majority of respondents...
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On the motivation to study nursing at university
Sedláčková, Brigita ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Dorková, Zlatica (referee)
The bachelor's thesis entitled ''On motivation to study nursing at university'' deals with the motivation of students of General and Pediatric nursing. Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the motivation of the respondents, students of the bachelor study program for the preparation of general nurses to study at the university. In the theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis, individual chapters related to the given issue are elaborated. Key terms such as motivation and motives are described, and the study marginally deals with the history of higher education in nursing, the current education of general nurses and related legislation. The empirical part of the study presents the results of the own research and their comparison with the results of studies on the same or similar topic. Methods: In order to achieve the aim of work, a questionnaire survey was carried out, the target group of which was students of the 2nd and 3rd years of General and Pediatric Nursing. 246 completed questionnaires were included in the survey itself. Results: Based on the statistical evaluation of the data, it was found that 43,09 % of respondents are studying because of the need for a degree to practice their profession, and 64,23 % of respondents are also working while studying. 76,02 % of the respondents...
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Immunophenotype and functional characteristics of lymphocytes in patients with primary immunodeficiency
Bakardjieva, Marina ; Kalina, Tomáš (advisor) ; Balounová, Jana (referee) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee)
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of over 480 genetically inherited disorders of the immune system that result from a block in leukocyte development or functional defects in the immune response. PIDs have a wide range of symptoms including increased susceptibility to infections but also autoimmunity or malignancy. Detailed knowledge of PIDs is essential not only in the clinical/diagnostic field, but also in basic research, as they can serve as model systems for the study of the immune system. The first part of the thesis focuses on the use of the SCID-RTE cytometric test, which we developed within the EuroFlow consortium, as a diagnostic tool for detection of patients suspected of severe PID. Based on the parameters studied (levels of naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, recent thymic emigrants and the activation status), we have demonstrated that the SCID-RTE tube is a sensitive test suitable for patients clinically suspected of PID, identified within the broader EuroFlow diagnostic algorithm, or the national newborn screening program. Next, within EuroFlow, we provided a sensitive immunophenotypic evaluation of B cell subset alterations in patients with predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs), including the expression of distinct immunoglobulin subclasses on memory B cells...
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Peer mediation and its use in Czech and foreign schools
Voškerušová, Tereza ; Chlebounová, Irena (advisor) ; Kuba, Radim (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with peer mediation and its use in schools in Czechia, the USA and Spain. The first part of the thesis introduces peer mediation, its goals, limitations, and the process of mediation sessions. The first part of the thesis focuses on how peer mediation is implemented in schools in the form of peer mediation programs. Attention is paid to the key phases of implementation, i.e. program evaluation, selection and training of peer mediators. The thesis presents the benefits of these programs for the students, the teachers, and the school community. It summarizes the main influences on the success or, on the contrary, the failure of the programs. The second part of the thesis deals with the development and current use of peer mediation in schools in Czechia, the USA and Spain. Attention is paid to teacher training and legislation on peer mediation within each country. Significant peer mediation programs and schools that have implemented peer mediation are highlighted from each country.
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Attitude and Motivation of Nurses to Lifelong Learning
Bártlová, Erika ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Dorková, Zlatica (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of nurses' motivation for lifelong learning and their awareness of this topic. Target: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out whether nurses have an overview of the individual forms of lifelong education of non-medical healthcare workers, whether and how they are motivated to participate in them, and what factors prevent them from participating in lifelong education programs. Methods: A questionnaire containing 22 questions was distributed electronically to the nurses. A total of 493 questionnaires were processed of which 348 general nurses, 70 children's nurses, 58 practical nurses, 8 midwives and 8 paramedics participated in the survey. The non-parametric statistical method Pearson's Chi-square was used for statistical data processing. Results: The results show that nurses' knowledge of individual programs and forms of lifelong learning varies depending on their age, length of professional practice and educational attainment. Nurses' interest in participating in lifelong learning programs decreases with increasing age and length of practice and is influenced by workload resulting from staff shortages. The biggest motivating factor turned out to be a higher financial reward. The most important demotivating factor is lack of time. Conclusions:...
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Insects as a model group of organisms for the research of knowledge about and attitudes to invertebrate animals
Jelínek, Filip ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Janšta, Petr (referee)
This thesis is a literature review that aims to process the available literature on attitudes towards insects, knowledge about insects and the ways in which the perception of insects by humans can be influenced. In the chapters focused on attitudes towards insects, I show how the emotions of disgust and fear lead to negative views of insects and, conversely, how the perception of their beauty and importance promotes positive views of insects. In the knowledge section, I show how people confuse true information about insects with myths, inaccurately distinguishing between what is an insect and what is not, which insects are dangerous and which are not. In the last chapters, I present the literature that deals with the ways in which attitudes towards insects and knowledge about insects can be influenced. I deal with the effect of urbanization, experiential educational programs and the picture of insects in human culture, namely in language, poetry, fictional literature and fine arts
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Analysis of Dubičná landslide - slope stability and soil mechanical properties
Pospíchal, Vojtěch ; Jerman, Jan (advisor) ; Racek, Ondřej (referee)
Diploma thesis Bc. Vojtěch Pospíchal Analysis of slope movement Dubičná - mechanical properties of mudstones and stability ratios ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the stability conditions of the Dubičná landslide area, which is located at the contact of two regional geological units of the Czech Cretaceous Basin and the Bohemian Central Highlands. It compares the mechanical properties of the mudstones of the Březno Formation, which were obtained through laboratory tests, with the results from another landslide site, Prackovice, where very similar geological and morphological conditions occur. Determination of critical and residual strength is essential for determining slope stability. For this purpose, laboratory tests were carried out and at the same time correlation relations were tested, which can predict strength parameters based on index parameters. Furthermore, the geometry of the landslide area with seasonal variations of the groundwater level was created. The obtained parameters and geometries were used to calculate the stability in the Plaxis program. The factor of safety is around 1, depending on the height of the groundwater level.
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Laboratory diagnosis of microRNA in different diagnostic groups
Hrachovcová, Eliška ; Urbánková Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Tripská, Katarína (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Bc. Eliška Hrachovcová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Rathouská, Ph.D. Consultant: doc. RNDr. Pavlína Kušnierová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Laboratory diagnostics of microRNAs in different diagnostic groups Background: Identification of potential miRNA targets for differential diagnosis of patients with atherosclerosis and dementia. Comparison of miRNA expression and uptake in serum samples with cerebrospinal fluid samples. Selection of appropriate miRNAs for differential diagnosis in patients with atherosclerosis and dementia. Furthermore, the selection of miRNA targets with the most significant fold-change and also the lowest p-value for subsequent validation studiues. Methods: To identify potential miRNAs, the received samples were centrifuged, aliquoted and stored at - 80C. miRNAs were isolated using the iCatcher Circulating cfRNA 1000 kit and the CatchGene isolator. Reverse transcription and amplification with detection were then performed. Data were processed in Excel and then statistically processed in GenEx using Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results were evaluated for 2 groups of patients: group A (samples of patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia) and group B (with...
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