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Personal data protection in labour law relationship
Morávek, Jakub ; Bělina, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pichrt, Jan (referee) ; Brádlerová, Libuše (referee)
PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN LABOUR LAW RELATIONSHIP JUDr. Jakub Morávek The thesis is concerned with personnel data protection in connection with labour-law relationships. Personnel data protection issue is approached completely here and explanation of it is organically interconnected with cases of its use in labour-law relationships. Factually the thesis is output of grant-aided project GAUK No. 121009 "Personnel data protection in labour-law relationships" researcher of which the author was in the years 2009 - 2012. By no chance the name of above mentioned grant-aided project is identical with the name of the thesis. From the very beginning of the research of the project a monograph dealing with personnel data protection in the context of labour-law relationships, or more precisely thesis dealing with this topic that would be published, was planned as its output. Within four years of intense engagement in personnel data protection in labour-law relationships, in three of which the author worked on above mentioned project, almost thirty articles and papers in professional periodicals and collections,monograph anda rigorous thesis focused on personnel data protection in the process of employment relationship commencement, monograph focused on personnel data protection in the process of personnel...
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Understanding NATO's Intervention in Non-Member States: The Case of Operation Kosovo Force
Bártová, Adéla ; Tesař, Jakub (advisor) ; Sedlecká, Adéla (referee)
The master's thesis deals with the issue of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) out-of-area interventions, specifically focusing on the case of NATO's intervention in Kosovo in 1999. The alliance's decision to intervene against severe violations of human rights in Kosovo despite the lack of a legal mandate to do so was criticized heavily by the international community. This thesis aims to examine the narratives NATO used to justify its involvement in Kosovo. By adopting a theoretical framework of social constructivism, the research aims to examine the role of two constructivist concepts, collective identity and international norms, in the alliance's decision to intervene. To do so, the thesis adopts a discourse-historical approach (DHA) to critical discourse analysis, as established by Reisigl and Wodak (2009). This approach emphasizes the significance of the social, political, and historical context of discourse practices. By adopting the DHA, the thesis seeks to uncover the discursive strategies employed by the alliance to justify and legitimize the intervention in Kosovo. The research is conceived as a case-specific qualitative analysis, which is divided into two sections. The first section deals with the correlation between changes in the official discourse in NATO and the...
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Artificial Intelligence as a Challenge for the Justification of Human Rights
Florian, Oldřich Tristan ; Koloušek, Martin (referee)
Artificiál Intělligěncě ás á Chállěngě for thě Justificátion of Humán Rights Abstráct Thěrě is á long-stánding děbátě ábout thě morál státus of ánimáls, humáns in á věgětátivě státě, or ěmbrýos, ánd bý ěxtěnsion ábout thěir possiblě rights. In thě ěrá of thě risě of ártificiál intělligěncě, thěsě quěstions ěxtěnd to robots. This těxt áttěmpts to rělátě thěsě děbátěs to thě fiěld of humán rights thěoriěs. Humán rights thěoriěs árě ábout justifýing humán rights in morál sěnsě, ánd this dissěrtátion ěxáminěs whěthěr ádváncěs in ártificiál intělligěncě máý problěmátisě várious such justificátion thěoriěs. Kěýwords lěgál philosophý, humán rights, ártificiál intělligěncě, robots, humán rights thěoriěs, rights, robot rights
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Application of the so-called Magnitsky Act in the European Union and in the United States of America
Hajdová, Kristýna ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This bachelor's thesis explores the application of the so-called Magnitsky Law in the United States of America and the European Union. The so-called Magnitsky generic collective name for the sanctions regimes created in response to the death of Sergei Magnitsky, a Russian lawyer who exposed tax fraud by Russian officials. Magnitsky himself was falsely accused of tax fraud and wrongfully imprisoned for almost a year. In prison, he was systematically tortured in an attempt to get him to change his testimony, he was denied medical care, and died after 358 days in prison due to his health problems. His death sparked a strong global reaction, and over the next decade, states around the world gradually adopted sanctions regimes punishing human rights abuses inspired by Sergei Magnitsky. This thesis examines Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012, The Global Magnitsky Act of 2016 and EU Global Human Rights Sanctions Regime. Before embarking on a more detailed examination of the functioning and legislation of these sanctions regimes using a comparative analysis, in several chapters I present a brief context of the historical development of sanctions, which were gradually transformed from large-scale embargoes to targeted sanctions, and also provide an overview of the events that led up to...
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Belarusian civil society from the perspective of Ales Bjaljacki
Markautsova, Viktoryia ; Klípa, Ondřej (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
This diploma thesis explores the perspective of Nobel Peace Prize laureate Ales Bjaljacki on the issue of the Belarusian civil society, particularly in the realm of human rights and human rights organizations of civil sector. These organizations have been operating in Belarus since the late 20th century and have consistently faced pressure and repression from the Belarusian regime of Alexander Lukashenko. The theoretical section is focused on defining contemporary concepts of civil society and addressing the inclusion of the Belarusian civil society within existing definitions. The practical section consists of an analysis of an interview with Ales Bjaljacki. It examines what the respondent considers key factors in the development of civil society, how he assesses the influence of the political situation on the Belarusian civil society, and his views on its past and future. Ales Bjaljacki perspective in this work is contrasted with the views of the author Andrew Wilson, who analyses the Belarusian civil society in the book "Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship." Additionally, Bjaljacki viewpoint in this work is compared with the opinions of various other authors who have researched civil society in Belarus, and their main findings are presented in the books "Civil society in Belarus 2000-2015,...
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Comparison of the legal regulation of citizenship of the Czech Republic and Ukraine during the period of independent states
Veretelnyk, Iegor ; Uhl, Pavel (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
1 Comparison of the legal regulation of citizenship of the Czech Republic and Ukraine during the period of independent states Abstract The aim of this thesis is to take a closer look at the phenomenon of state citizenship through the prism of the state-citizenship regulation of two young states with different legal continuity and history. Namely, the Czech Republic and Ukraine. State citizenship is a dynamic concept undergoing transformation simultaneously within human society and its values in general and legal culture in particular. The transformation of this phenomenon can be generalized on the dichotomous scale of "state power - individual", when in the context of, among other things, international law and specifically human rights doctrine, the concept of citizenship in most states is increasingly approaching the pole of individual; when it ceases to be the sovereign domain of state discretion and unlimited state power but begins to be seen as a human right or even a free choice of the individual. The main objective of this thesis was to determine whether the two countries of study have also approached this concept with their state-citizenship arrangements, and to determine to what extent the current Czech and Ukrainian citizenship legislation is shaped, or influenced, by previous legal arrangements in...
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Right to education in European documents
Pehrová, Klára ; Tymofeyeva, Alla (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
Right to education in European documents Key words Education, right to education, European documents, Court of Justice of the European Union, European Court of Human Rights, Human Rights Abstract The right to education is a fundamental human right that has been enshrined in numerous international legal documents. This thesis deals with the enshrinement of the right to education in European documents and in the complex of human rights since its enactment. The aim of the thesis is the analysis of the right to education in the European context while its main focus is to provide a characterization, analysis and comparison of the codification of the right to education in Euroepean documents. Firstly the thesis presents the enshrinment of the right to education in the European convention on human Rights as amended by the Additional Protocols which served as important source for the creation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Secondly the thesis presents the enshrinment of the right to education in the Charter of Fundamental rights of the European Union which is one of the youngest and most comprehensive catalogues of the human rights in the world. The thesis contains key case law from the European Court Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Thrirdly in the...
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Problematika potratů v Polsku
Medková, Gabriela
This Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of abortions in Poland. Primarily it focuses on anti-abortion legislation and public discourse. The main aim of the work is to analyse development of abortions laws in Poland and also major actors of this issue. Attention is mainly paid to the most current abortion legislation and the reactions which caused in society. Next it shows the connection between abortions and human rights. Therefore is this work complemented with the positions of selected organizations which deal with this topic in long term.
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The human rights discourse in Japan and Japanese foreign policy
Zícha, Lukáš ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This diploma thesis attempts to provide an analysis of the human rights discourse in Japan and Japanese foreign policy. The author analyses the most important current issues (falling under the category of first-generation human rights) including: Korean minority issue, discrimination against persons of burakumin origin, gender issue and the topic of comfort women. In the second part of the thesis, the author explores the human rights discourse in the foreign policy of Japan. With the help of his research conducted in 2013 in Tokyo among diplomats, academics and NGO representatives, he examines three possible approaches to explain the current state of affairs: a national interests approach, a constructivist approach (cultural conditionality) and a policy-making approach (taking into account the role of intrastate actors).
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