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Nutrition and sport of a selected group of women during pregnancy
Čapková, Barbora ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on nutrition and exercise during pregnancy in a selected group of women. The main aim of this study is to determine whether dietary habits have changed among pregnant women and in what manner. Additionally, it seeks to find out whether pregnant women continue with their physical activity/sport routines from before conception. The presented thesis comprises two main parts: the theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is divided into two major subchapters. The first subchapter concerns nutrition during pregnancy, detailing specific aspects such as suitable and unsuitable diets, appropriate dietary supplementations, intake of fruits and vegetables, and adequate hydration, which pregnant women often overlook. Following this is the second subchapter, which addresses exercise during pregnancy. Topics include the significance of physical activity during pregnancy, suitable and unsuitable physical activities/sports during gravidity, physical activity across trimesters, and the impact of physical activity on the mental well-being of pregnant women. In the practical part of the bachelor's thesis, the preparation, execution, and results of a questionnaire survey are described. The research segment examines the awareness and knowledge of pregnant women regarding proper...
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Options for physiotherapeutic care of women in the third trimester of pregnancy
BURIÁNKOVÁ, Andrea
This bachelor thesis describes the possibilities of physiotherapeutic methods that can be used in women in the third trimester of pregnancy to relieve painful musculoskeletal conditions. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I try to describe the basic information about the origin of pregnancy, the characteristics of its division and then the actual development of the fetus in the different periods of pregnancy. Furthermore, I describe the changes that a woman's organism undergoes during pregnancy. These are divided according to the different systems such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, urethropoetic or musculoskeletal system. Subsequently, the theoretical part describes the definition of childbirth and the detailed characteristics of its course in the different periods of labour. Finally, appropriate and inappropriate physical activities are described, and the most common issues regarding painful conditions are also described in detail, followed by options for physiotherapeutic intervention. The aim of the practical part was to apply possible physiotherapeutic methods to the most common occurring painful conditions in the third trimester of pregnancy and to observe the effect of these methods. The research population included three probands in the third trimester of pregnancy who suffered from the described painful conditions. Therapy sessions were conducted with the probands once every 1-2 weeks, where an initial kinesiological examination and detailed medical history were taken at the first appointment. According to the individual problems of each proband, appropriate therapy and a series of home exercises were performed. In each subsequent therapy session, we jointly consulted the effect of the previous therapy. At the end of the therapies, we jointly summarized the results achieved and again an exit kinesiological examination was taken. This work can serve as inspiration for physiotherapists on the possibilities of therapeutic intervention in practice or as an informational material.
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Roma women's attitudes towards reproductive health
KREJČOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor's thesis deals with the attitudes of Roma women towards reproductive health. The goal was to find out what kind of the knowledge Roma women have about reproductive health. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, the characteristics of the Roma ethnicity are described, where attention is paid to Roma history, family, traditions and customs and nursing care for Roma in individual subsections. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with reproductive health. The menstrual cycle including menstrual aids, intercourse, promiscuity, contraception and its types were described in individual subsections. Furthermore, the subsections discuss pregnancy and getting pregnent subject, infertility, abortion and prevention in the field of reproductive health. The research part of the bachelor's thesis was carried out using semi-structured interviews, so it was processed using a qualitative method. Roma women of different ages were involved in data collection. The research survey took place from February to April 2024 and individual Roma women were identified as Ž1-Ž8. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the consent of the informants in a prearranged, quiet and pleasant place for the women. The obtained data, which was recorded on a voice recorder, was evaluated manually, using the "pencil-paper" method. Subsequently, categories and subcategories were created based on the obtained data. The first main category was Health and its prevention, which contained subcategories called Health and Reproductive Health, Doctor's Visits and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. The second main category was Safe Reproductive Life. This main category contained the subcategories Menstrual Cycle, Pregnancy, Contraception and Infertility. From the research investigation of the bachelor's thesis, it was found that informants Ž2, Ž4, Ž6, Ž7 and Ž8 visit the doctor only when they are diagnosed with an illness or health complication. Furthermore, it was found that women Ž2, Ž5, Ž7 and Ž8 perceive reproductive health as something, they can get pregnant and have a child. Their overall knowledge of reproductive health is basic.
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Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period from the men´s point of view.
POCHOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of men's perspectives on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part characterizes the period of pregnancy, describing the changes in a woman's body that occur during this time, as well as the diagnosis of pregnancy. It lists and characterizes the examinations carried out in prenatal counseling. It discusses the care of a midwife and the role of men during pregnancy. The work then focuses on the various stages of childbirth and the care of a midwife for the laboring woman and accompanying man during childbirth. It also describes the postpartum period and what happens to women during this time. Lastly, the concept of bonding is mentioned and clarified. For the practical part of the thesis, a qualitative research study was chosen. The aim was to find out how men perceive the period of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum in their partners. Based on this aim, three research questions were established. The first question focuses on how men perceive the period of pregnancy in their partner. The second question explores how men perceive the period of childbirth in their partner. The final question addresses how men perceive the postpartum period in their partner. For data collection in the practical part of the bachelor's thesis, a semi-structured interview was used. The research sample consisted of 10 men who have experience with their partner's pregnancy and attended the birth. These men were informed about maintaining anonymity. For this reason, they are referred to as M1 to M10. The men verbally expressed their agreement to participate in the interview and data processing. They did not agree to have an audio recording made during the interview. Therefore, the data obtained was literally transcribed into a computer and subsequently analyzed using the method of coding and text coloring. Four basic and pre-prepared questions were asked to the men. Additional questions were asked if needed for clarification of information. The interviews took place in the informants' homes or in a café. After processing and evaluating the obtained data, a total of 3 categories and 17 subcategories were created. The subcategories provide detailed descriptions of the results and information obtained from the research survey. From the research, it was found that men felt good during their partner's pregnancy. The most common changes they noticed in their partners during this time were mood swings, fatigue, increased food consumption, as well as nausea or weight gain. Men did not come into contact with a midwife during their partner's pregnancy, as they did not accompany their partner to prenatal appointments or attend childbirth classes together. Therefore, they primarily obtained information about pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period from the internet. Surprisingly, not every man evaluated the approach and care provided by midwives to the mother and himself positively during childbirth. Additionally, men perceived the postpartum period as unproblematic. The results of this bachelor thesis can be used to improve the awareness of men, for example in antenatal classes.
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Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Pregnant Women in the Czech Republic
Venclů, Viktorie ; Pařízek, Antonín (advisor) ; Richtárová, Adéla (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the mental health of pregnant women in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part includes the fundamental information essential for understanding the context of the topic. It focuses on the disease itself, the emergence and development of its pandemic in the Czech Republic, and its course in pregnant women. Additionally, it delves into the psychology of pregnant women and into mental health in general. The thesis also summarizes the results of some Czech studies investigating the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of the Czech population. The research section investigates the influence of the pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women through regression analysis. The numbers of births among women who required a certain form of psychiatric intervention during pregnancy, or within six months after childbirth are examined. The analysed dataset was obtained from the national registers NRRZ and NRHZS and includes records from January 2015 to December 2021. A regression log- log model was created for analysis, which did not show a statistically significant impact of the pandemic on the number of births for these women. Possible reasons for the different results between this research and mentioned studies are discussed...
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Welcome to the world!
Synková, Veronika ; Kmošek, Vojtěch (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
Childbirth as a natural part of life, where the woman giving birth has prime position and the option of choice. She should feel free and accepted - to be able to give birth physiologically (without unnecessary external interference). Physiological childbirth as the best for a woman, a baby and their relationship. Up to 80 % of women do not need a doctor to give birth, but only a "suitable environment". In my diploma thesis I propose a "maternity house". This concept is well-known abroad, in our country it is a new type of care. For this purpose, I use two existing houses, which are owned by the city of Blansko and stand next to the hospital.
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Maternity hospital
Kolář, Vojtěch ; Stehlík, Ondřej (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
A new concept of maternity hospital creates a place, where future mother is not stressed and where she feels free. A place, where birth is perceived as a common part of everyday life. It searches a compromise between birth at classical hospital environment on one side and birth at home on the other. Both aforementioned possibilities bring certain risks that are intended to be minimized using this concept. The idea is based on practice from birth facilities from Germany and creates new concept of so called „birth houses“ that is consistent with law in the Czech Republic. Design of maternity hospital should not be based solely on meeting technical requirements of a bulding, but first of all comfort of mothers should be taken into account to make them feel home.
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Cardiotocograph - observation of contractions
Vítek, Milan ; Čížek, Martin (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
Purpose of this thesis is to study the principle of operation of cardiotocography in monitoring fetal life, further defining the main requirements for this equipment and defining the parameters of monitored biosignals. These findings are supported by the literature. Based on the gained knowledge, the system design of cardiotocography is made with focus on reading contractions. Main parameters of the function blocks are defined. Circuit solution for sensing contractions is suggested, including the design of the sensor. Designed circuits are verified on a prototype.
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The possibilities of use of a psychologist in prenatal psychoprophylactic care
Sýkora, Jan ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Matoušová, Milada (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the possibilities of a psychologist in the process of psychoprophylactic care of the mother, or both expectant parents. The theoretical part is trying to define the term psychoprophylactic antenatal care and map the situation in terms of the important personalities in the field of antenatal psychoprophylactic care and in terms of its historical context. Furthermore, it attempts to define the tasks of antenatal psychoprophylactic care, introduce the structure of courses, and map the current situation in this field in the Czech Republic. The research project conducted examines the importance of the psychologist's role during the pregnancy of an expectant mother and in the field of the antenatal care for the foetus in a qualitative manner. It investigates both the needs and attitudes of pregnant women, especially in the third trimester, and experienced psychologists, concerned in the area by the selected method of the semi-structured interview.
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Precision-cut placental slices as a model to study inflammatory response
Bolboli, Bahareh ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Carazo Fernández, Alejandro (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Bahareh Bolboli Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. František Štaud, Ph.D. Consultant: Kasin Yadunandam Anandam, Ph.D. Title of the diploma thesis: Precision-cut placental slices as a model to study inflammatory response. Maternal inflammation during pregnancy is a recognized factor linked to an array of complications and potential neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric risks for offspring. Placenta isthe crucial interface between maternal and fetal domains. This organ not only shapes fetal development but also possesses the ability to respond to inflammatory stimulations, potentially in a sex-specific manner. Nonetheless, the fundamental immunoregulatory mechanisms orchestrating such responses remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, our study harnessed an innovative approach: the ex vivo precision-cut placental slice model using rat placentas. This experimental design was tailored to probe acute inflammatory responses. Precision-cut placental slices, precisely 200 µm thick, were meticulously generated from both male and female rat placentas. These slices were subjected to varying concentrations of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) for discrete periods of 4...
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