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Uneven Development of the World Economy
Bílý, Boris ; Pavlínek, Petr (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with inequalities within the Word economic development. The development is conceived in the context of world systems theory for the proper evaluation of this development. The question, whether there is a convergence or divergence across countries and groups of countries is an important question of contemporary studies of globalization. While proponents of modernization theory tend to say that countries converge, adherents of world systems theory mostly think the opposite. Another contribution of this work is the evaluation of economic development not based only on the production capabilities and growth. The approach is more complex and includes the development of the society as a whole. Therefore, Human development index was used for analysis and the researched period was set to 1980-2014 due to data availability. The analysis deals not only with inequalities between the parts of the world system, but partially also with inequalities within these parts. The theoretical part consists of discussion of the existing studies of world systems and economic development and explains the necessary terms and context. Practical part is made of own regionalization of the world into three parts of the world system (core, semiperiphery and periphery) based on criteria chosen according to...
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Regional Aspects of the Transformation of the Slovak Manufacturing Sector in the Period 1997-2011
Hostomský, Karel ; Ženka, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlínek, Petr (referee)
This master thesis deals with the transformation processes of the Slovak manufacturing sector in the period of 1997-2011. The theoretical framework of the paper presents the comparison of two conceptual approaches - the concept of path-dependency and the concept of footloose multinationals - on the regional distribution of manufacturing activities during the reporting period. Analyzes are made according to a dependent variable, which is the regional employment in the manufacturing sector on the microregional level of NUTS4. Regional changes in the distribution of the manufacturing employment are analyzed employing several independent variables connected to the two theoretical concepts mentioned above. The main goal of the thesis is to shed light on and interpret the changes of industrialization and sectoral changes of the manufacturing sector.
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Innovation and Interaction: Relationships between Global Production Networks and Regional Innovation Systems in Czechia
Horák, Petr ; Květoň, Viktor (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee) ; Dvouletý, Ondřej (referee)
- 6 - Abstract The aim of this dissertation was to expand the knowledge on the relationships between the quality of regional innovation systems (RIS) and the localization of firms within global production networks (GPNs) in Czechia. A key aspect was to understand the interaction between the different firms involved in GPNs and their R&D collaboration. The thesis also focused on different aspects of leading firms in GPNs according to their urban and rural localisation. Given the importance of RIS quality for innovation processes, the effects of R&D support on firm competitiveness were examined in the context of regional effects. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the effect of the different innovation performance of regions on knowledge spillovers through patent offshoring. The findings of this dissertation expand the understanding of the interactions between RIS and GPN, contribute to a broader understanding of economic geography, and suggest future research avenues. First, it shows that more interconnected firms (with GPNs) and subcontractors without autonomy are not significantly linked by publicly supported in R&D collaborations. Second, intensive involvement in collaborative R&D provides resilience to economic shocks. Third, leading firms in Czechia differ significantly depending on their location, with...
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Geographical Characteristic of Industry in the Mladá Boleslav Region
Šturmová, Tereza ; Ženka, Jan (advisor) ; Kopačka, Ludvík (referee)
The aim of the presented thesis is to map the most significant impal of the geographical transformation of industry in the administrative district of a municipality with extended powers Mladá Boleslav after 1989. The Mladá Boleslav region is one of the few naturely originated and developed industrial clusters in the Czech Republic with a specific size and sectoral structure of economy (super-dominance of Škoda Auto) and a massive influx of FDI. The restructuring of the industry in Mladá Boleslav did not have much impact on the physical or functional structure of the city. The residential, industrial and eventually service functions of the city remain dominant. In the microregional scale the increasing living standards have made possible a large residential suburbanisation. The most significant change in the geographical structure of Mlada Boleslav was the construction of new industrial zones on the outskirts of the city and on the adjacent communities and the associated technical infrastructure modernization and growth of road transportation. Mlada Boleslav in the course of more than twenty years of industry transformation after 1989 not only maintained but also strengthened the distinct functional specialization in the automotive industry. Keywords: transformation of the industry, the Mladá Boleslav...
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The role of the state in the development of the Czech automotive industry
Randa, Michal ; Pavlínek, Petr (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the role of the state in the development of the Czech automotive industry since 1989. It will discuss and critically evaluate the concrete steps which the government implemented in order to support the development automotive industry. Specifically, it will analyze the privatization of the automotive industry, the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), the revitalization of the automotive industry and the state efforts to increase the competitiveness of the automotive industry through increased spending on research and development (R & D). Key words: automotive industry, industrial policy, privatization, foreign direct investment, revitalization, research and development, competitiveness
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The core and periphery and their relationship in the European automotive industry
Michl, Tomáš ; Pavlínek, Petr (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
Reducing the number of production platforms for various types of cars has led to significant savings in the production of automobiles. This change, however, was only the beginning of the change which corresponds to today's manufacturing process. Automakers sought additional savings to be able to compete with others, and thus, moved part of their production and research to subcontractors. These changes brought about a transformation in the spatial arrangement of the European automotive industry. The first part of the text is devoted to the definition of the core and the periphery, and describes the development of the automotive industry in Europe. Furthermore, the work deals with the subcontracting industry and its role within car production. The text continues by describing the factors that play a role in the localisation of a particular type of car manufacturer, research centres, and subcontractors. Subsequently, the analysis is devoted to indicators which were used to create a periphery-core index. This index is responsible for defining the core, semi-periphery, and periphery of the automotive industry in the European Union. It consists of 11 indicators which represent important characteristics which play a role in determining between core and periphery. In conclusion, I try to interpret the...
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Applicability of Systemic Approach to the Analysis of Geostrategic Importance of a Transborder Region: the Arctic Case
Valková, Irena ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
The purpose of this dissertation is to demonstrate a new empirical and systemic geopolitical approach to the study of the ongoing territorial dispute in the Arctic resulting from the desire of two nation states, Denmark and Russia, to extend their own northernmost limits of the Exclusive Economic Zone to the central part of the Arctic Ocean. This approach combines geographic, legal and political analytical perspectives with quantitative research design to produce an inter-disciplinary study. Empirical evidence on the long-term socio-geographic development in the region (1993-2013) is provided together with information on particular territorial gains and losses for all decision-makers that arise in a number of potential scenarios (options). Variation in each decision-maker's aggregate national socio-geographic resource, as implied by particular territorial modifications in the central part of the Arctic Ocean, serves as a basis for derivation of nontrivial payoffs on each option in the dispute. These payoffs are introduced into a three-player graph model for conflict resolution (Denmark, Russia, and the World) and stable dispute solutions are suggested on the basis of different combinations of decision-makers' strategies, whose optimality is evaluated as well. Finally, alternative scenarios of...
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