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Situation and dilemma of the Pakistani immigration in Great Britain
Krylová, Irma ; Marek, Jan (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor)
This thesis is about the current situation and dilemma of Pakistani immigration in Great Britain. It started in the 1950's but it didn't become a relevant political question until the 1980's, because of minorities' growing requirements. Due to the differences in habits, culture and religion from the British lifestyle, it creates anxiety and disatisfaction in the society. This thesis is focused mainly on communuty identity. It considers the changing lifestyle of three generations. For muslims, Islam is everything and it pervades their entire lives. The first part of this thesis is rather theoretical and introduces several different model s of integration and immigration. Great Britain represents a bifurcationist model, in which immigrants are supposed to respect english institutions and culture, but still may follow their tradidtions in their private lives. The second part is focused on education, employment and religious life, which is specific and rich, because it reflects movements and trends coming from Pakistan. Emphasis is given mainly to the requirements specifically related to religion which conflicts with british and western society. In the third part, negative trends are discussed which Pakistani are faced with in their daily existence. This is not only physical violence and islamophobic offences...
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Arab clothing
Husinecká, Markéta ; Veselý, Rudolf (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor)
Celkový charakter arabského odívání byl v průběhu historie ovlivňován módními trendy, ale i řadou společenských jevů a fenoménů, stejně jako cizími kulturními vlivy. Toto specifické společenské a kulturní klima přispělo ke vzniku systému, jako byl ghijáropatření směřující k rozlišení muslimů od jinověrců - přičemž tato nařízení byla realizována z velké části skrze oděv. Hmotnou i symbolickou hodnotu oděvu v sobě spojovalo čestné roucho chi! 'a, jež bylo darováno jako výraz pocty, uznání nebo přízně. Zárodky této tradice vznikaly již v dobách předislámských či v období raného islámu, avšak plného rozkvětu dosáhly skrze instituci.tirázu, jež tvořila neoddělitelnou součást reality středověkého islámského chalífátu.
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Ethiopia in international relations, 1923-1935. Creating myths and images
Záhořík, Jan ; Kumsa, Alemayehu (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee) ; Vilhanová, Viera (referee)
The work Ethiopia in international relations, 1923-1935. Creating myths and images, aims to analyze a position of Ethiopia in international relations with a special focus on two aspects: first, to clarify a role of creating image of Ethiopia as a "barbarous, backward country, which is necessary to civilize" in an international context; second, to show Ethiopia from the European media point of view with a particular interest in the Czechoslovak press. The work is thus not directed as clearly historical work but its message lies rather in symbolical level. On the background of historical imagology I try to show changes of imagining Ethiopia from the symbolical admission to the League of Nations and international political chessboard until the invasion of the Italian troops in the Ethiopian territory and thereby an end of waiting for foreign help. The work shows how fates of small countries like Ethiopia or Czechoslovakia have been written rather in power and colonial centres of that time. When Ethiopia entered the League of Nations as the only independent African country, it was the time of growing potential of several European countries - Italy and Germany - who were able to recast their colonial or expansive plans into reality. The European powers France and Great Britain, in distress of possible...
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Saudi Arabia between traditions and modernity - domestic policy, Salafi ideology and foreign relations
Beránek, Ondřej ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee)
This dissertation examines the genesis and the main features of current Saudi Arabia and, in the first place, the development of its domestic policy and foreign relations in the period following the Gulf War 1990-91. My research breaks new ground in that it attempts to place the dynamics of Saudi state in the wider political context and explain it by factors that have a key role in the current shape of the Kingdom and its future progress. The first chapter functions as an historiographical overview of Saudi royal family and deals with the main pillars of its power: Salafi ideology, Oil, and Military. It is almost impossible to research Saudi Arabia without mentioning its puritanical interpretation of Islam and the development of its ideology in the aftermath of 9/11. Within this context, I also examine the life and teaching of Muhammad ibn cAbd al-Wahhab, contemporary position of his religious inheritors in society, and the new ways Salafists developed to export their doctrine all over the world. The second chapter deals with Saudi Arabian domestic opposition that has power to contribute to state's destabilization. I explore its various shapes, from Sunni political activism, liberal criticism, Shi'ite opposition, tribal opposition, to militant jihadi ideologies, and examine the leading figures: Safar...
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Modern islam - encounters of islam with the West
Vacek, Lubomír ; Halík, Tomáš (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor)
S islámem, nejmladším z monotheistických náboženství, které vznikly na Blízkém východě, se v současnosti setkáváme každý den. Jeho působení na naše životy již dávno překročilo rámec jednoho z mnoha náboženství, z nichž si v liberálních a pluralitních státech soudobého Západu můžeme vybírat. Islám významně ovlivňuje životy nemuslimů na Západě. Vývoj vztahů s muslimskými státy a dění v arabských zemích denně zaplňují přední stránky západních novin. Jak ukázala nedávná aféra, týkající se uveřejnění kreseb vtipkujících na téma islámu a proroka Muhammada, islám dnes zásadním způsobem ovlivňuje dění a politiku států, které jsou neislámské a považovány tradičně za křesťanské. Na rozhořčených protestech muslimů po celém světě a zejména na téměř vyděšené reakci západních politiků se ukázalo, jak velký vliv si islám na naší civilizaci vybudoval. Muslimové, byť v mnoha ohledech pocházející z velmi odlišných kulturních, historických a ekonomických podmínek a často také rozdělení tradičním nepřátelstvím mezi svými zeměmi, ukazují v některých ohledech naopak vysokou míru jednoty a vzájemné solidarity. Neboť v otázkách víry opravdu v určitých případech existuje jediná a jednotná obec - umma , tak jak si Muhammad v době vzniku islámu přál. Jednota této obce se projevuje právě při setkávání a střetech v otázkách, které...
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Khomeini's conception of velajat-e faqih in the mirror of Shi'ite theology
Cvrkal, Zdeněk ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
If we survey the development of political thought in Islam we would come to know that Muslim scholars. during the past hundred years. have developed new theories in the tield of Islamic political thought in an unprecedented manner. Yet some of them have not been successful in developing theories fit for running the affairs of their societies. The Iranian Islamic Revolution of 1979 resulted in the replacement of the monarchy by the Islamic Republic of Iran. The inspiration for the new government came from Great Ayatollah Seyyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini. who first began formulating his concept of an Islamic government in the early 1970s. while in exile in the Shi 'a Islam learning and pilgrimage center ofNajaf in Iraq. Thus, it is necessary to delve into his ideas and examine his political thought for various reasons: I. Imam Khomeini's thought laid the foundation of a great movement i.e .. the Islamic Revolution in Iran: with the culmination of the Islamic Revolution in Iran the oppressed peoples of the world, in general. and the Iranians. in particular. have been eagerly \Vaiting to reap the fruits of the movement. hence, it should be studied thoroughly; 3 moreover. in order to keep the record of such a movement in the history, it is necessary to work out the ideas of a 1'vfujtahid who. in the light of the...
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Islam and the new media
Kouřilová, Iveta ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee) ; Kovács, Attila (referee)
Recent years ha ve witnessed an erosion of the traditional boundaries that separate the cuzama' from popular religious figures, activists, and intellectuals. The satellite Islamic television channels like Iqra' and al-Resala ha ve in a way become laboratory in which a new form of Islam has emerged and evolved. The channels are bound to compete for market share. In order to make the programming attractive to millions of viewers, the direction and style of Islamic discourse is being changed. The result is that the "dialogue" about religion in society is now characterized by a much wider range of perspectives which extend well beyond those of respectable and leamed cuzama'. The cuzama' have by no means disappeared from the stage. But next to them, and in close competition with them, other actors ha ve emerged. Instead of drawing on traditional channels of learning and power, their authority is rooted in charisma, youthfullooks, approachability and charm- in other words, their communication skills and ability to be identified with, rather than merely looked up to in awe. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Anthopological and Etnografical study of the Bedouin in East Palestine
Khalil, Nibal ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (referee) ; Kandert, Josef (referee)
This study's goal was to describe and analyze the ways of life and culture among Palestinian Bedouin communities in east Palestine and mainly among the Bedouin encampments that settled in Jericho district, and are at the edge of disappearing. The study focuses on anthropological and ethnographical aspects of Bedouin society. Moreover, how these aspects contribute to shaping each member man, woman, and children in this society. The major part of this study was conducted in the field and concentrated on various aspects of daily life of the Bedouin communities; therefore, a daily work in the field among Bedouin groups was taking place. The study provides a detailed picture of social structure, economic structure, tribal law, material culture, traditions, Bedouin knowledge, and the influence of religion practices on the Bedouin life. Thus, this study sheds light on the Bedouin communities that migrated to the east of Palestine in Jericho district in the aftermath of 1948 war. In addition, it shows the social and economic changes that occurred in these groups according to their move from their original home to be merged with other various communities' activities. In general, chapters of this dissertation seek to examine the lives of Bedouin communities under different social and cultural customs. In addition,...
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