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Critical Reflection of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's Regime in Selected Works of Samad Behrangi, Bozorg Alavi and Al-e Ahmad.
Toušková, Ema ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Felčer, Petr (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the criticism of the ruling Iranian regime in selected works of two prominent Iranian novelists, Bozorg Alavi and Samad Behrangi. In his short stories, Bozorg Alavi reflects on the late period of Reza Shah's rule (1926-1941), while Samad Behrangi reacts to the rule of Mohammad Reza Shah (1941-1979) in the late 1960s. The aim of this thesis is to describe the specific negative political and social phenomena within Iranian society that the authors criticize, and also to name the elements of "engagement" in their work in accordance with literary theorist Kamran Talattoff's definition of engaged literature.
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First female pilots in the context of modernization reforms between 1920-1940s in Turkey and Iran
Bijani, Karolína ; Koláček, Jakub (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the first female pilots in Turkey and Iran at the beginning of the 20th century. In the given period, after the accession of Reza Pahlavi and Atatürk, widespread political and social reforms took place, one of which was the effort to emancipate women. In parallel with the changes in society, the state attempted to modernize the technical equipment, which manifested itself in the development of aviation. These two phenomena merged over time and women were given the opportunity to complete pilot training together with men. In her thesis, the author draws on secondary literature as well as sources in Persian and Turkish, the authors of which met the female pilots either directly in person or with people close to them. In the thesis, the cases of Turkey and Iran are placed side by side, and in addition to common or different characteristics, the author tries to identify the period influences that helped women to establish themselves in a purely male field.
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Mirza Malkom Khan and Modernisation of Persia in Late 19th Century
Zikán, Vojtěch ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ondráš, František (referee)
(in English): The bachelor's thesis concentrace on the study of modernization and reform processes in selected documents of the Iranian reformer Mirza Malkam Khan (1833-1908). The analyzed period mainly includes the 1850s and 1860s, but also includes a broader historical and social context. The aim of the thesis is to examine Malkom's critical reflection on the Persian state in the middle of the 19th century and to describe a collection of Malkom's proposals for reforms of the state apparatus, an outline of the constitution and legislative changes. To achieve the set goals, examples of Malkom's texts translated from Persian are presented, in which modernization concepts are researched and analyzed. The partial intention is to examine what structures, bureaucratic and administrative mechanisms Malkam Khan considers functional in his writings for the future development of Qajar's Persia.
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Russo-persian relationships in the first half of the 19th century: reflection in primary sources
Nachtmann, Bořivoj ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines Russo-Persian relations in the first three decades of the 19th century - in the period of escalating tensions between the Qajar Persia and the Russian Empire when two wars broke out (1804-1813; 1826-1828). The main primary source, the thesis draws on, are Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov's collected writings including travel notes and correspondence written in the times when he, also a Russian poet and playwright, was serving as a diplomat in Persia. Excerpts from the primary source will be compared with secondary literature, as well as other Russian and Persian primary sources from the period. The thesis aims to describe the relations mainly from the Russia's point of view, however in the context of Persian reaction. It attempts to introduce the way Russian diplomats approached Persia, Persians and Qajar rule in general. The thesis aims to detect elements of stereotyping, negativization or, on the contrary, positive evaluation of the "enemy".
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Constructing Memory in Post-War Lebanese Novels
Koutský, Lukáš ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
Thesis abstract This thesis examines how contemporary Lebanese authors construct memory in post-Civil War Lebanese novels. In other words, focus is given to novels that deal with the psychological, social, confessional, political, and economic consequences of the Lebanese Civil War (1975- 1990). The core of this thesis revolves around the literary depiction of collective and individual memory in the selected works of second-generation Lebanese authors. The thesis relies alongside Pierre Bourdieu's theory of the literary field on theoretical frameworks of psychology and sociology centered around memory, trauma, nostalgia, and their implementation in contemporary literary works.
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The role of the constitution in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Horčička, Matouš ; Jermanová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kříhová, Zuzana (referee)
What role is being played by the constitution in authoritarian regimes? Contrary to popular belief, the available research shows that, even in authoritarian context, constitutions are not just a useless piece of paper. According to the typology by Tom Ginsburg and Albert Simpser (2014) there are four different ways how the constitutions are being treated by authoritarian leaders. The constitution may enable mutual coordination between various power centres of the regime, conceal the inner reality of the regime from the domestic audience, can do the advertising job both outwards and inwards or, finally, may be the unfulfilled vision of the regime. This master thesis examines the eventually changing role of the Iranian constitution during the two historical eras distinguished by different political approaches. The first one is the era of Muhammad Khatami's reformist rule (1997-2005), the second is the conservative era of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2005-2013). The thesis particularly focuses on the operation of two regime institutions which are crucial for the interpretation of the Iranian constitution: The Guardian Council and the Expediency Discernment Council of the System while eventually considering the decisions and statements of the Supreme Leader of Iran. By analysing the relevant documents, the...
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The Poetry of Forugh Farrokhzad: tradition, taboo and woman
Pokorná, Mariana ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
Poetry of Forugh Farrokhzad: Tradition, Taboo and the Image of a Woman This bachelor thesis concentrates on the poetry of an Iranian woman writer Forugh Farrokhzad (1934-1967). The theoretical part deals with the changes in women's situation in the modern Iranian history as well as with the concepts related to the conception of women in Iran. Briefly, it summarizes the history of literature written by Persian women and presents the biography of Forugh Farrokhzad. The practical part puts forward original Czech translations of her Persian poetry, its interpretation and analysis. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to explore, how Forugh Farrokhzad presented a woman in her poetry and how she transformed the image of a woman in Persian literature. Further, it analyses which traditions and taboos of the Iranian society the poet transgressed and on the contrary, which she abode.
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Reza Shah's Reforms Reflected in Memoirs of Socially and Politically Engaged Women
Khademi, Mona ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Novák, Ľubomír (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to reflect on selected modernization reforms of Reza Shah in the first period of the Pahlaví dynasty (1925-1941) from the point of view of women who studied, started families and tried to work in this period. The basic source is women's memoirs published in 2018 in Iran, by Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani. The thesis examines the reaction of women to the Shah's reforms, the consequences of social changes and, more generally, a role these women played in the process of modernization of Iran. The reforms that the work focuses on are related to the position of women in society and have had an immediate impact on their lives: for example, amendments to family laws, education, job opportunities, social activities and the type of clothing. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part examines the political and economic background of Iran in the second half of the 19th century and in the early 20th century until the 1940s. It also discusses Reza Shah's government and its plans and reforms for modernizing Iran, and finally the living conditions of Iranian women during this period. It describes the conditions in which they lived, what limitations they faced and what activities they engaged in. In the practical part, it examines in detail the reforms of Reza Shah in the field of...
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