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Ketogenic diet in endurance activities
Fišerová, Tereza ; Petr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Ketogenic diet in endurance sports Objectives: The main goal of this work is to define and analyze the concepts of ketogenic diet and endurance. Further analyze the relationship between them. Another, no less important goal is to conduct a systematic literary research from all available sources that deal with this issue and draw conclusion from these individual studies. Methods: Systematic literary research and comparison of literature dealing with the koncept of ketogenic diet in endurance sports. Results: The studies did not show a significant increase in performance during the comparison of a high-fat or ketogenic diet with a high-carbohydrate diet. Keywords: Ketones, diet, athlete, sport, endurance
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Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50
Papežová, Vanda ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50 Objective: The aim of the diploma thesis was to create normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test (animal category) for older adults over 50 years, depending on the level of education achieved. Methods: The diploma thesis is constructed as a cross-sectional study. All data were obtained from the international project Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The descriptive statistics of participants were produced with calculated means and standard deviation for continuous variables and percentage for categorical variables. The median and interquartile range for age and semantic verbal fluency test (animal category), and 2nd , 7th , and 16th percentile as the cut-off points for verbal fluency test (animal category) were calculated for participants divided into ISCED - 97 education levels and for each country separately. Results: Data from 64,242 participants aged 66.4 were analyzed, and the female ratio was 55.8 %. All respondents were older adults over 50 years old from 20 European countries. Figures and tables show that all percentiles as cut-off points increased linearly with levels of education. Other result is that the performance in the test gradually decreased with...
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Intervention program XY and its effect in weight reduction
Wolf, Anna ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Intervention program XY and its effect in weight reduction Objectives: The main aim of the master thesis was to find out the influence of a commercial intervention program XY containing nutritional recommendations on selected indicators of physical fitness and body composition Methods: This thesis was implemented as a quasi-experimental study in which the results were evaluated by both quantitative and qualitative methods. Results: We can evaluate the results in two groups, namely according to the results of body composition and the indicator of physical fitness. In addition to the long jump test, the mean values improved statistically significantly (p <0.05) in all monitored variables. In general, the XY intervention program aimed at weight reduction can be evaluated positively. Key words: obesity, body composition, unifittest (6-60)
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Effect of exercise training and Omega-3 fatty acids on body composition of elderly women
Sontáková, Lenka ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Holmerová, Iva (referee) ; Lhotská, Lenka (referee)
Title: Effect of exercise training and Omega-3 fatty acids on body composition of elderly women Objectives: The aim of this work is to determine the effect of combined aerobic and dynamic strength activity and supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on body composition in women of senior age over 65 years. Methods: The intervention study included 53 women aged 65-80 years. The intervention lasted 4 months and before and after its onset, women underwent clinical examinations, anthropometry, bioimpedation examinations, AT biopsies, blood samples, DEXA and fitness testing. The intensity of physical activity was 1 hour 3 times a week. Of this, 1 hour was devoted to aerobic activity - Nordic walking and the remaining 2 hours to strength training. The group was also randomly divided into an omega-3 fatty acid moiety and a placebo moiety. Results: The average input and output values and changes in selected body composition indicators measured by INBODY show that exercise had a statistically significant positive effect on total weight, visceral fat and BMI in both groups. In contrast to the Calanus group, there was a statistically significant improvement in the control group also for proteins and total muscle mass. The additive positive effect of Calanem supplementation was not demonstrated for any...
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Eating habits of young gymnasts
Opočenská, Kristýna ; Chrudimský, Jan (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Good dietary habits and healthy diet, as part of sports training of gymnasts, have often been neglected. The thesis summarises the available information and recommendations on an optimal diet for young gymnasts. The aim of the thesis is to compare the approaches of coaches and parents of gymnasts from three Prague gymnastics clubs to dietary habits of younger school-age gymnasts. Non-standardized questionnaires were used in the thesis and the results of the survey conducted among a group of coaches and a group of parents of younger school- age gymnasts were compared using the comparative method. The output of the thesis is a comparison of the approaches of coaches and parents to dietary habits of gymnasts. It was concluded that parents have a more consistent approach to dietary habits, monitoring changes in their children's weight and body height more frequently. Proper water intake is observed by coaches more thoroughly. Keywords: gymnastics, dietary habits, coach, parents.
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Early Mobilization of Patients with Obesity after Stroke
Procházková, Kristýna ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Early Mobilization of Patients with Obesity after Stroke Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early verticalization in post-stroke obese individuals using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and the seat stability assessment (FIST - Function in Sitting Test). Another aim was to evaluate the relationships between the results of the final tests and the results of the initial tests, the age of the patients, the length of rehabilitation, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) value in the patients and to verify the validity of these tests. In the theoretical introduction, I described stroke - its definition, epidemiology, classification, risk factors, and diagnostics. Much of the work was devoted to the comprehensive medical rehabilitation of patients after a stroke. Physiotherapy was described in the acute, subacute, and chronic stages, as well as in the subsequent period and palliative care. In addition to describing the principles of neurorehabilitation and explaining the concept of neuroplasticity, I also got to an evaluation mehtods in rehabilitation. One of the chapters of the thesis is obesity, which is one of the risk factors for stroke - here I also included the definition of obesity, its epidemiology, types, and associated...
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Nutrition of the children playing football
Kocourek, Lukáš ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Nutrition of the children playing football Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to figure out the eating habits of the children in the U14 category of football players. Specifically, the observation was done for three days - a training day, a match day and a free day. It was also observed how these days different from each other. Finally the nutrition recommendations were provided based on the observations. Methods: The thesis was performed as the cross-section study. To gain the information about the nutrition habits there was used the standardized nutrition questionnaire. Nonparametric statistics methods were used for statistical data analysis. Results: Research was performed on the sample of 12 boys in the age of 12-13 years who play the football at the student league level. Students sample was chosen from the students in the Czech Republic. The insufficient energetic income and particularly a carbohydrate deficiency was identified in the sample. The highest deficiencies were measured during the match day. On the contrary the highest amounts were measured during a free day. There were not any significant differences identified in comparison to the recommendations. Conclusion: From the energetic and macronutriens income perspective the study did not confirm different incomes...
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Comparison of effort on roller skis without load and with carried load
Sprinz, Matúš ; Sýkora, Karel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Comparision of loads during movement on the roller skis with or without additional weight Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the changes in heart rate (HR), VO2 and energy expenditure (EE) when moving on roller skis with or without weight in different inclinations in a laboratory conditions. Methods: A randomised cross-over study was conducted on 10 male students of Military Department at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports of Charles University (mean±SD: age 22.6±1.59 years, weight 76.8±5.55 kg, height 180.2±2.4 cm). The study was performed in a biomedical laboratory at the University, José Martího 269, 162 52, Prague. Each volunteer underwent two tests on treadmill ergometer using modified roller skis. The tests consisted of 15 minutes walking at a constant speed 3 km/h, incline started at 15% and was raised by 5% every 5 minutes. Once out of two times, volunteers carried an additional weight of 15 kg backpack in random order. Significance level was set to p < 0.05 and the data were processed using analysis of repeated mesurements (ANOVA). Results: Results show that the energy demands are substantionally higher with the additional weight. Shown as mean difference between weight and weight-free groups. At 15% incline - HR 13.9%, VO2 17.9%, EE 18.6%. At 20% incline the...
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Importance of natural antinutritional and toxic substances in food
Hruša, Adam ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the importance of natural antinutritive and toxic substances. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive view of the topic and further specify the selected group of substances with a focus on their possible effects on the health of the general population and the health of athletes. This is a theoretical type of thesis, which was processed using the method of literary research. Key words: antinutrients, anti-nutritional factors, plant foods, potential health benefits, adverse health effect, proteas inhibitors, phytoestrogens
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Subjectively perceived health and physical activity of the elderly compared to a fitness walk test.
Šmat, Václav ; Prajerová, Květa (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Subjectively perceived health fitness and physical activity of the elderly compared to a fitness walk test Objectives: The aim of this paper is to compare the subjectively perceived health (fitness) and physical activity with an actual fitness walk test done by students of the University of the Third Age, using the LTEQ and SF-12 questionnaires. Methods: There were 64 seniors who participated in this study (age 67,36 ± 3,55, height 1,67 ± 7,04 cm, weight 69,80 ± 9,9 kg). All of them students of the University of the Third Age, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University. Two types of Questionnaires were used: The Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire and A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, both of which are typically used to study the population of the elderly. A 2 km fitness walk test by Stejskal was used to gather data about aerobic fitness. The test took place at the athletic oval on the grounds of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University. Polar S610i sporttester was used to measure heart rate. Statistic was used to calculate all SPSS 21. Results: The results proved a significant correspondence between the subjectively perceived amount of leisure physical activity and the aerobic fitness measured by the 2km fitness walk test - specifically regarding...
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