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Simulation of Impacts of Labor Laws on Labor Market
Dlouhá, Ilona ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Fialová, Kamila (referee)
This master thesis analyzes the differences in the labor laws and their impacts on the development of the labor markets in large selection of OECD countries, including the Czech Republic. The thesis covers both historical and current data including the late-2000s recession. The labor market performance is measured by hours worked per person, which combines the extensive margin (employment rate) and the intensive margin (hours worked by employed individuals). Labor laws are represented by the average and marginal tax wedges, employment protection legislation, labor market policies and trade union density. The thesis contains an empirical model of the relationship between the labor market performance and labor laws for 24 OECD countries for the period 2000-2008. The thesis shows that the lower hours worked are associated with more strict employment protection legislation and lower trade union density. The effect of taxation (in terms of tax wedges) varies substantially among different subgroups of the population, but it is generally quite weak (elasticity around -0.15) and it cannot explain the overall differences in the development of the labor market performance among countries.
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Healthful brothers and sisters of mental disable children - parent's eyes
Fialová, Kristýna ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
TITTLE: Healthful brothers and sisters of mental disable children - parent's eyes SUMMARY: The text deals with the specifications of the relationship parent - sibling of a child with mental disabilities. It endeavours after answering the question what parental expectations and demands are placed on siblings in such family situation and how do these demands differ from the approach to a child with mental disabilities. Keywords: Family relationships, Sibling relationships, Mental disability, Education and educational attitudes
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Unemployment and education in the Czech Republic
Hofman, Stanislav ; Fialová, Kamila (advisor) ; Kameníček, Jiří (referee)
Workers with higher adjusted education are characterised by higher wages, higher participation rate and lower unemployment. The theory of human capital explains lower number of unemployed workers from this group primarily by stronger attachment of more qualified workers to an employer's company and also by more effective job searching, which result in a shorter duration of unemployment. This paper set itself a task to analyse the reasons of variations in unemployment and vacancy rates for groups with different adjusted education by using the model of the Beveridge curve and the matching function. The statistic tests confirmed the theoretical hypothesis about lower risk of unemployment for the group with higher adjusted education. Although unemployed more qualified workers demonstrate lower duration of unemployment as well, it was not positively proved on the model of matching function, that it is due to more effective job searching.
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An analysis of determinants of immigration to the CR.
Toušková, Daniela ; Fialová, Kamila (advisor) ; Vyležík, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to introduce the issues of migration from the economic point of view based on data focused on the Czech Republic. There is only the net immigration analyzed in this thesis due to the lack of relevant data available for the emigration ones. The net immigration is represented by the difference of number of foreigners working in the CR legally. There is a linear regression model used in this analysis and dependence of difference of number of foreigners working in CR on several economic variables is estimated by the ordinary least squares method. There are quarterly data collected in 2001-2009 used in the analysis. The results show that the largest impact on the growth of number of working foreigners has the growth of unemployment rate. This impact is negative, which corresponds to the economic theory presented in the theoretical part of this thesis. Other variables significant for the difference of number of foreigners are year-to-year difference of real wage and difference of real gross domestic income.
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Kalíšková, Klára ; Flek, Vladislav (advisor) ; Fialová, Kamila (referee)
Active labour market policy is a widely used labour market intervention, which should increase the efficiency of labour market and help increase regular employment. However, its real impacts on labour market conditions are ambiguous. Although the literature concerning effectiveness of active labour market policy (ALMP) measures is extensive, there is no conclusive evidence regarding which ALMP measures are efficient and to what extent. The effectiveness of active labour market policy depends on many circumstances including characteristics of a given measure and conditions in a corresponding labour market. Therefore, decisions regarding implementation of ALMP measures should be based on high- quality and systematic evaluation of impacts of these measures in the given labour market. In the Czech Republic there is no regular system of active labour market policy evaluation, but the need for evaluation is even more urgent in the current economic crisis. The thesis offers both theoretical and empirical analysis of the active labour market policy effectiveness. Theoretical analysis introduces a comprehensive labour market model, which is grounded in the findings of existing literature and enables us to identify possible macroeconomic effects of ALMP measures on aggregate labour market situation. Second...
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation - equipment (recommendations, instruments)
Fialová, Kateřina ; Kupečková, Ivana (advisor) ; Klicperová, Zuzana (referee) ; Mathauser, Radek (referee)
In the theory part I was dealing with history of resuscitation from the prehistory to Guidelines 2000 and with the recomended procedure in resuscitation guidelines 2005.After that I wrote up the equipment which is used for the advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the last part I was taking a think about legislativity which is conected with providing the laic and advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The second, empiric part is researching the whole equipment (facilitations, gear and drugs), for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the regional hospital in Náchod and participation of standards for inspection and usage of this equipment for resuscitation. The questionary action was proceeding from 4.12.2007 to 10.1.2008 in regional hospital in Náchod, a. s. by method of personal investigation. I used the questionaires results for creating two standards. I created standard "Default facilitations, gear and drugs in regional hospital in Náchod a. s." and "Methodics of providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation in regional hospital in Náchod a. s".
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Refugees from Croatia and Bosna and Herzegovina and internally displaced persons in Serbia. Integration in society
Fialová, Kristýna ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee) ; Pelikán, Jan (advisor)
Tato práce popisuje postavení uprchlíků z Chorvatska a Bosny a Hercegoviny a vnitřně přesídlených osob z Kosova žijících v současné době v Srbsku. Soustředí se především na míru jejich integrace do srbské společnosti. Cílem této práce je tedy popsat, nakolik se uprchlíci a vnitřně přesídlené osoby cítí být součástí společnosti, ve které se byli nuceni usídlit. V posledním desetiletí dvacátého století došlo v bývalé Jugoslávii následkem několika válek k mohutnému stěhování celých etnických skupin. To mělo mimo jiné za následek příchod ohromného počtu uprchlíků a vnitřně přesídlených osob do Srbska. V roce 1991 až 1995 přišlo do Srbska přes půl milionu uprchlíků z Chorvatska a Bosny a Hercegoviny. V roce 1999 jako následek bombardování Srbska a s tím spojeným odchodem srbského vojska z Kosova se do Srbska uchýlilo přes dvě stě tisíc takzvaně vnitřně přesídlených osob z Kosova. Přestože počet uprchlíků a přesídlených osob je v Srbsku stále vysoký a jejich postavení se nezlepšuje, srbská veřejnost se tímto tématem příliš nezabývá. V samotném Srbsku se uprchlíkům a přesídleným osobám věnují například srbské nevládní organizace!. Velmi aktivní jsou především organizace, které se sdružují pod hlavičkou Srbské rady pro uprchlíky. Srbská rada pro uprchlíky také realizuje malé vlastní vědecké centrum s knihovnou....
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Active labour market policy and its regional effects in the Czech Republic
Kalíšková, Klára ; Fialová, Kamila (referee) ; Flek, Vladislav (advisor)
Active labour market policy is a widely used labour market intervention, which should increase the efficiency of labour market and help increase regular employment. However, its real impacts on labour market conditions are ambiguous. Although the literature concerning effectiveness of active labour market policy (ALMP) measures is extensive, there is no conclusive evidence regarding which ALMP measures are efficient and to what extent. The effectiveness of active labour market policy depends on many circumstances including characteristics of a given measure and conditions on a given labour market. Therefore, decisions regarding implementation of ALMP measures should be based on high-quality and systematic evaluation of impacts of these measures in the given labour market. In the Czech Republic there is no regular system of active labour market policy evaluation, but the need of evaluation is even more serious in the current economic crisis. The thesis offers both theoretical and empirical analysis of the active labour market policy effectiveness. Theoretical analysis introduces a comprehensive labour market model, which results from findings of existing literature and enables us to identify macroeconomic effects of ALMP measures on aggregate labour market situation. Second part of this thesis introduces an...
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The Czech pharmaceutical industry : Do specific features of the relevant market provide sufficient incentives for an effective informal regulation?
Stacho, Miroslav ; Fialová, Kamila (referee) ; Streblov, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis provides an overview of specific features of relevant market. Based on both empirical and theoretical findings it attempts to justify sufficiency of drug producers' incentives for an effective self-regulation of their (un)ethical conduct. The overview in the first part of the thesis includes brief description of R&D process, statutory interventions before and after a new drug is introduced to the market, area and tools of self-regulation enfocement. Subsequently, a model combining conclusions from previous chapters, additional relevant studies and practical experience from Czech market is drafted and tries to answer central question of the thesis whether sufficient incentives exist for the producers to monitor themselves effectively.
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