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The effect of the pre-weaning play on the coping ability of piglets
Večlová, Barbora ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on animal play behaviour, it's features and factors that influence it. It also shows how play can be used as an animal welfare indicator and moreover that play may also improve welfare. Play is interesting from physiology and neurology point of view as well because it is able to trigger positive emotions. This thesis also describes the main hypotheses explaing evolutionary functions of play. The newest hypothesis claims that play may be a "training for the unexpected"(Špinka et al., 2001). Our experiments tested this hypothesis. We investigated if play of piglets before weaning could improve their coping with stress and reduce agonistic behaviour after weaning and later in life. Results show that play in an extra space before weaning does not influence pig's behaviour very much, but it seems to have some impact. Results also show other factors influencing agonistic behaviour of pigs - groupsize, gender and weight gain.
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The progress of self-regulation of journalism in slovakia after 1989 with special emphasis on slovak journalist syndicate's role
Šafránek, Ondřej ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Chaloupková, Helena (referee)
This work describes the evolution of journalistic self-regulatory environment in the Slovak Republic since 1989 and records all the important elements that influence this process and systematically organize them. These elements are primarily a press council, codes of ethics as a normative-ethical elements, educational system of Slovak journalists and members of the journalistic community institutionalization of professional organizations. The institutionalization as an essential element of professional autonomy implies an emphasis on detailed description of the Slovak Syndicate of Journalists as the largest and most influential journalist organization in the Slovak Republic. The main objective was to describe the self-regulatory structure of the media landscape during one generation replacement, that has undergone a sudden change in political environment. Implementation of the capture of this particular development process is based on media- generated theoretical framework, which was created as interconnection of views of leading experts of mass media theory, media ethics and law.
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Selected court decisions in ethically problematic cases of czech journalism since 1989
Resler, Jan ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Chaloupková, Helena (referee)
The thesis deals with ethical standards in journalism from the perspective of the law and with their practical application. The text explains the basic problems of normative influence on journalism and it is focused on case interpretation. The author has chosen relevant cases of failure of the Czech media after 1989 (e.g. Rejžek vs. Vondráčková, Horký vs. Reflex or the "Kuřim case") where the breach of the law occured and a judicial or administrative decision was given. The important facts of each case are presented and generally applicable points of the decisions are analysed. Afterwards, these points are summarized and related to other cases. The thesis is structured from the general definition of normative theories, ethical standards, legal provisions and their comparison to case analysis.
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Media policy of council of europe focusing on the new media
Vondráková, Tereza ; Šmíd, Milan (advisor) ; Chaloupková, Helena (referee)
Tereza Vondráková Bachelor thesis: Media Policy of Council of Europe Focusing on the New Media - Abstract Bachelor thesis "Media Policy of Council of Europe Focusing on the New Media" summarizes all crucial documents concerning new media that have been adopted by Council of Europe. Council of Europe's main concern is protection and promotion of human rights and freedoms. One of its tasks is a surveillance of media and its evolution. Permanent technological development has major influence on media landscape and leads to new communication platforms. Council of Europe decided to examine those platforms to decide whether they can be included among other media. And therefore if they could have the same responsibilities and rights as the traditional media. Bachelor thesis focuses on description of Council of Europe and its status as an international organization. First part of the thesis addresses the explanation of terms new media and social networks. Second part of the thesis describes media policy of Council of Europe from its very beginning and emphasizes interesting historical events concerning new media. Internet and new media as whole are the crucial issues of the last part of this bachelor thesis which analyses documents adopted by Council of Europe in different fields such as new notion of media,...
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Evaluation of animal assisted therapy in hospitals
Zoulová, Kateřina ; Machová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Chaloupková, Helena (referee)
This work deals with the use of Animal- assisted activities (AAA) and Animal- assisted therapy (AAT) in hospitals in the world and in the Czech Republic.
There is a general overview of the use of this therapy in children´s hospitals, hospitals with acute care for people with dementia, patients with acute schizophrenic, cancer and neurological diseases, in this work.
There is description of locating and real course of these programs in this work and presentation of specific dog use units in patients with various types of diseases.
There is a description of research results, which was conducted in hospitals throughout the Czech Republic in the practical part of this work.
Correspondents replies are divided into two sections. The first section contains the responses from the hospital staff and coordinators in volunteer centers, who are performing the therapy in hospital facilities. These answers relate to insurance, legal inquiries and practical implementation of therapy.
Responses in the second section of this work desribe canisterapy directly as it takes place in a different facilities. The way, how the therapy is proceeding, which methods and departments are used.The questionnaire was posted to 30 hospitals, of which the positive feedback provided 8. The answer came from 15 canistherapists of these hospitals.
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The effect of the stockperson on the behaviour of cattle
Janská, Jaroslava ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Valníčková, Barbora (referee)
The thesis is focused on influence of keepers on cattle and it is pointing out the importance of cattles welfare that has also influence on economy of cattle breeding which is for keeper very important.
The concept of animals welfare is explained in the first part of thesis, because we can consider this concept to be the key concept and it occurs in every part of this thesis.
Following part is devoted to changes that cattle breeding have been facing recently. The changes are thanks to the shift in performance and thanks to modification of keepers, carers and customers ways of thinking. Doležal and Staněk (2015) point out so called breeding complex:
1. Breed (choice of breed, breeding itself)
2. Keeper (technological, nursing and veterinary care, working conditions and knowledge of employees)
3. Nutrition (quality production of top feed, compilation of rations)
4. Environment (quality requirements, ethology and welfare).
It is not possible to say that for the successful breeding we need only perfect race (genetics). It is impossible either to claim that the decisive factor is nutrition. Also the conviction that perfect stable and parlour makes the milk is mistaken. The perfect carers cannot create higher than average herd only by formidable care. The keeper has to see all of these aspects complexly and respect them.
At this point the thesis starts to focus on carers. It is obvious that quality of carers is rather neglected factor. This thesis describes analyses of carers nature and their approach towards their job in relation to behaviour dairy cows and their production pointers. In my thesis mentioned studies state that after designed and applied intervention of stereotyped behaviour of carers, that means treatment of dairy cows and approach to their work in farms - we can see increasing production of milk. The carers said that the dairy caws were calmer, it was easier to manipulate with them and that they are convinced that positive approach towards the animals has a huge positive effect.
The last part of the thesis shows how to apply found information into practice and how to proceed. Training of employees is one of the possibilities that start to be more and more important - not only abroad but in The Czech republic as well. Training is focused on
correct way of milking, taking care of cattle and hygiene in breeding, so that the health condition of dairy cows is good and the production is quality and harmless.
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Welfare assessment of organically farmed cattle
Slavíková, Eva ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Ilona, Ilona (referee)
Ethical issues in livestock breeding have been in focus of public interest recently. A strong attention is paid to living space, ability to express natural behaviour, and good care of animals known as welfare. Presented thesis aims in evaluation of animal welfare indicators on 20 farms with organic dairy production using the methodology of Welfare Quality (WQ). The following criteria were assessed: absence of prolonged hunger and thirst, comfort around resting, ease of movement, absence of injuries, disease, and pain induced by management procedures, expression of social and other behaviours, human-animal relationship, and emotional state. These criteria are combined into four basic principles: good feeding, good housing, good health, and appropriate behaviour. Principal attention is paid to the relationship between animal welfare and health.
Most farms showed high scoring of good feeding including the proportion of very lean cows and sufficient water supply. Good housing got also high evaluation, because the organic farming standards require loose housing and majority of time spent grazing on pastures. Lower scoring of good health was caused by dehorning on a part of farms, which decreases the absence of injuries evaluation. Farms had mostly low proportion of lame cows, cows with lesions and hairless patches, and cows with discharges and diarrhoea; no cow had mastitis. No expression of agonistic behaviour was recorded, the scoring of human-animal relationship and positive emotional state was fairly good, too. Obtained scores were generally higher compared to results from conventional farms published in literature. All farms were evaluated as enhanced or excellent.
Larger herds had generally lower scoring of human-animal relationship, but higher scoring of positive emotional state. Farms with dehorned animals exhibited lower proportion of very lean cows and nasal discharge. A higher percentage of lame cows was found on farms with worse cleanliness compared to farms with cleaner conditions. Proportion of lame cows correlated with the proportion of very lean cows, and together with the proportion of cows with integument alterations it was influenced by the comfort around resting.
It was confirmed that good conditions of cow breeding and good welfare lead to better health and behaviour of animals. Organic farming creates favourable conditions for good animal health and welfare. The output of the thesis provides farmers an evaluation of animal welfare on their farms and a comparison with other farms.
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The effect of Toxoplasma gondii on the intermediate host
Vosátka, Martin ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Hradec, Michal (referee)
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite, which has a wide spectrum of warm-blooded hosts, human included. It has worldwide occurrence. The most important role for it has a feline, which serves like a definitive host and allows it to proliferate. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to sum up all identified information so far about the possibilities of relationship between protozoan parasite and its intermediate hosts mainly in area of behavior. Laboratory mouse, the most examined animal associated with behavioral changes, was chosen as an intermediate host. This thesis was also aimed on affecting of human behavior by Toxoplasma gondii in general and about problems connected with it, for example connection with mental diseases and higher risk of traffic accidents. Manipulation of mice by Toxoplasma leads to change in basic instincts necessary for survival. It is especially about attraction to feline odour, when the degree of attraction depends on the dose of stimulus. Area of learning and memory was examined at mice model as well. Worsen ability of learning and memory was demonstrated in most cases (Flegr et al., 2014). Also relationship between number of cysts in the brain and worse results were observed (Vyas et al., 2007). Another important area was human reaction time. Infected individuals had slower reactions, which indicates worsen long-term concentration (Havlíček et al., 2001). Worsen concentration plays an important role and it is connected with a chance of susceptibility to accidents and riskiness for drivers. The individuals with latent Toxoplasma had 2,65 times higher chance for traffic accident (Flegr et al., 2002). T. gondii plays an important role in mental diseases, especially in link with schizophrenia. Effective medication of schizophrenia can inhibit T. gondii (Yolken et al., 2009). Schizophrenia often results in suicide attempt. That is why possible link between suicide attempts and presence of the parasite was researched. The study shows connection between antibody levels of T. gondii and suicide attempts, but just in a subgroup of patients younger than 38 years. It is probably because of risk of suicide attempts in schizophrenia appears in earlier phase of the disease (Okusaga et al., 2011).
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Use of the Animal Assisted Activity and Therapy with a Dog in Handicapped Children
Vodvárková, Aneta ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Machová, Kristýna (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to summarize the available knowledge of the use of the therapy with dog in handicapped children and also their influence on children´s health condition. It combines knowledge from the scientific literature, which are complemented by a practical methodology and experience gained in the Czech Republic.
Great importance of the relationship between human and animal shows how animals can affect mental and physical state of the client. Many scientific studies show that the therapies with dogs are very useful, especially for children. Very important target group for therapies with animals are clients with disabilities. Studies show the positive impact and effect on these clients and the improvement is demonstrated on the mental and the physical health. There are various forms of therapies and activities with a dog that are used in the rehabilitation of disabled children. Especially positioning and programs for the development of fine motor are used and experienced.
On canistherapy team composed of handler and his dog are high demands for passing the test and they must work perfectly together. It is required absolute control of the dog, his character and appropriate training. The handler must be perfectly prepared for the action, well-educated and secure his dog and his client safe during activities.
Although therapies and activities with the dog are quite often practiced in the Czech Republic, it is not a medically recognized method of rehabilitation. There is no specific and useful methodology and terminology. This should be the subject for further research.
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