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Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus I. type in childhood
Doudová, Šárka ; Černá, Marie (advisor)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is among autoimmune disease that primarily affects children and young people. when This disease leads to the destruction of B-cells Pancreatic islets of Langerhans which are responsible for insulin secretion. Its deficiency leads to disturbances metabolism of carbohydrates and other nutrients . The destruction of B- cells occurs gradually and the first clinical symptoms appear only when destruction of a percentage of B- cells of the pancreas . after the outbreak difficulties the patient becomes dependent on exogenous life insulin administration . The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and There are significant differences between geographic countries. This suggests that the pathogenesis of the disease have undoubtedly a great influence environmental factors. important role Genetic factors also play a immunological mechanisms. In my work I try to outline the possibilities of prevention as it related prediction type 1 diabetes mellitus . describe primarily genetic , and immunological markers , which can be used to predict genetic risk and to monitor the period before the manifestation of the disease. I mention also the possibilities of primary prevention, which is not currently yet only at the experimental field. Within the secondary Prevention describes...
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Influence of information technologies in Regional Scientific Library Liberec
Votočková, Marie ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Němečková, Lenka (referee)
(English) The thesis examines the influence of information and communication technologies on the automation of library management processes and services as well as their applications, with a key consideration of the environment of the District Scientific Library of the city of Liberec. The introductory chapters briefly describe the development of basic international standards for data processing and communication networks in the world. The following chapters deal with the implementation of automated library management systems and networks in the Czech Republic in the early '90s, including accompanying projects that formed an inseparable part of the development. The development of automated library management processes and services in the District Research Library of the city of Liberec from the 90s till the end of 2010 becomes the core subject hereby examined. This is closely related to the parameters of the selection and application of the library management system, including the specific features thereof, as well as its internal utilization by librarians and its utilization by external users. The external use of the library management system has been evaluated through a survey of the use of online information sources and services sought by and provided to registered users. Taking into account the...
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Reflective practices in Teaching
Chen, Ye ; Šiška, Jan (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee)
The aim of this research is to find out if reflective practices exist in Czech schools and whether teachers arc aware of it. Besides, tcachcrs' opinions on reflection as well as conditions that may influence reflection arc examined. For this purpose, a small-scalc questionnaire-based study is earned out with tcachcrs in mainstream and spécial schools. Mixed-methods approach is adopted to collect data from questionnaire, observation and interview, which is then analysed by means of triangulation. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Regional function of libraries in Pilsen region
Čerňová, Dagmar ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Vlasák, Rudolf (referee)
Hlavním tématem rigorózní práce je výkon regionálních funkcí v Plzeňském kraji. Celý text je dělen na dvě části. První, teoretická část se věnuje jak metodické činnosti v českých knihovnách před rokem 1989, jehož součástí je i zákon č. 53/59 Sb., o jednotné soustavě knihoven, tak novému krajskému systému knihoven ČR, který vychází ze zákona č. 271/2001 Sb., o knihovnách a podmínkách provozování knihovnických informačních služeb. V textu je dále popsána definice a krátký vývoj regionálních funkcí, jejich struktura a financování. Z teoretické části vychází praktická část o výkonu regionálních funkcí v Plzeňském kraji. Na analýzu stavu knihoven a poznatky z počátků zavádění výkonu regionálních funkcí navazuje hodnocení dalších let výkonu regionálních funkcí, která byla financována ze státního rozpočtu. Zásadním mezníkem je pak změna financování výkonu regionálních funkcí a z toho vyplývající důsledky. Závěr práce je věnován výhledům do budoucna. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Assessment of expression markers of HLA class II genes.
Zajacová, Marta ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee)
BACKGROUND: HLA molecules play a central role in the immune response. HLA class II are involved in the selection of the T-cell repertoire in the thymus, and in presentation of antigenic peptides to antigen reactive CD4-positive T cells. The HLA class II act as restriction determinants in the presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes and their expression on the cell surface is necessary for triggering the immune responses. Regulated transcription of HLA class II genes is a complex system involving cis-acting sequence elements and trans-acting protein factors. It has been reported that allelic polymorphism exists in the regulatory regions of HLA class II DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1 genes. Most of the polymorphisms appear to be conserved within a haplotype. The hierarchy of sequence homology which exists among the structural genes is not paralleled among their promoter sequences. It is of interest that the most striking discrepancy was found for the DR4 linked alleles, DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0302, which were described as frequent risk factors for a variety of autoimmune diseases. The structural genes of these two alleles are the most closely related, but their regulatory sequences are the most heterogeneous among DQB1 variants. These sequence differences correspond to functional variation: The promoter strength...
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Acquisition network system in Municipal Library of Prague
Lukavský, Ladislav ; Stöcklová, Anna (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
Cílem bakalářské práce je podrobný popis akvizičních procesů probíhajících v Městské knihovně v Praze (dále jen MKP). Práce se skládá z šesti hlavních kapitol a přílohové části. První úvodní kapitola přináší všeobecný přehled o způsobech akvizice knihovního fondu v knihovnách. Druhá kapitola charakterizuje MKP jako celek, popisuje její síť poboček a knihovní fond. Třetí kapitola popisuje strukturu oddělení akvizice, zařazení tohoto oddělení do organizační struktury MKP a detailně se zabývá popisem akvizičního modulu knihovního systému Koniáš a akvizičního programu Akvizitor. Čtvrtá kapitola podrobně popisuje způsob výběru a nákupu tištěných monografií do celé sítě poboček MKP prostřednictvím nákupních komisí, uvádí ostatní způsoby doplňování české i zahraniční knižní produkce a zmiňuje všechny fáze procesu akvizice, evidence a následného zpracování dokumentů až po expedici na jednotlivé pobočky. Pátá kapitola přibližuje odlišnosti při akvizici periodik, zvukových nosičů, hudebnin, elektronických materiálů a speciálních dokumentů. Závěrečná šestá kapitola ukazuje na možnosti předpokládaného vývoje procesu akvizice v MKP. V přílohách je seznam poboček MKP, grafické znázornění organizace oddělení akvizice a jeho organizačně funkčního řešení, příklady seznamů na nákupní komise, příklad průvodky k dokumentu,...
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Attitudes of Young Adolescents toward their Peers with Intellectual Disabilities
Kuo, Hui-Wen ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Strnadová, Iva (referee)
This study explores the attitudes of young adolescents towards their peers with intellectual disabilities in Prague, Czech Republic. A total of 253 young adolescents participated in this study, with 134 male and 119 female in 7th, 8th, and 9th grade. The attitudes of the young adolescents were surveyed by making use of the attitude questionnaire designed by the researcher. The roles of previous contact, gender and grade were examined. Results indicated that young adolescents were generally positive toward their peers with intellectual disabilities. Young adolescents who had previous contact with people with intellectual disabilities are more positive than those who did not. Female were more positive than male. 9th graders who participated were not more positive than those in 7th graders. Possibilities and suggestions for future researches and education were suggested. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Pavelka, Jan ; Kraml, Pavel (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
Clinical trials have documented beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on health. Regular dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs decreases the risk of cardiovascular dieseas. n-3 PUFAs may be a safe and effective supplement to drug treatment for reducing the risk of myocardial infarction, arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. n-3 PUFAs show antiatherogenic properties; e.g. they decrease inflammation, stabilize atherosclerotic plaques and prevent other chronic deseases. For primary prevention it is recommended to eat fish at least twice a week, people with documented coronary heart disease should consume 1 gram of n-3 PUFAs daily. Fish oil and oily fish (losos, tuna, trout, mackerel) are rich in EPA and DHA. ALA is found e.g. in flax seed oil.
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Vlčí důl old ecological burden, its possible health risks and Zásmuky citizens situation knowledge
Jiráková, Pavla ; Rödlová, Sylva (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with problems of ecological burdens with focus on specific location Vlčí důl near Zásmuky. The theoretical part contains a general introduction to define ecological burden, historical and legislative requirements up to possibilities their elimination. Other chapters describe Aroma, a originator of contamination in Vlčí důl, the possibilities of health risks and the ecological burden itself in the Vlčí důl. The practical part includes the health effects of individual chemicals substances are situated in location Vlčí důl, general knowledge and attitudes of residensts of Zásmuky and associated municipalities to this area, which were analyzed using text analysis and questionnaire survey. Ecological burdens are comming mainly from the second half of the 20th century are a lot and the financial resources, are few owing them would the situacion to solve. Except for financial page, the political page also plays a role in solving the elimination of ecological burdens.
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