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Methods of Determination of Moisture Content
Bezdíček, Jiří ; Lachman, Jakub (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
With the growing interest in the energy use of biomass in the form of solid biofuels, the requirements for determining the moisture content of these fuels are also growing. Moisture is an important factor not only in the production of biofuels, where the moisture values must be ideal, eg in the production of pellets, but also in storage and other processes. The aim of the work was to determine the suitability of methods for determining moisture for various types of solid biofuels. The main subject of interest was fuels with grain structure. A search of the basic distribution of fuels and introduced and new methods for determining moisture was performed. The research was focused on oven drying methods. The result is the determination of the unsuitability of the method of drying scales for fuels with grain structure, the suitability of all investigated methods for wood fuels, the accuracy of the reference method for most fuels and the susceptibility of the analytical method to the homogeneity of the test portion.
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Agropellets for Combustion
Nejerál, Michal ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
Agropellets are one of the alternative fuels which have been used very often nowadays. Therefore, this thesis deals with the use of agropellets as a fuel. It‘s focused on the generation of emissions during combustion. There are described properties of pollutants released during combustion and properties of agropellets. In a sample of selected fuels, the proportion of chemical composition of elements in the combustible and the calculation of their calorific value are experi-mentally determined. Furthermore, we found out the basic elemental composition of the flue gas, which was measured during combustion on the pilot unit.
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Fuel properties: Determination of moisture solid fuels
Tretera, Michal ; Musilová, Petra (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the determination of moisture content in solid fuels. First part contains classification of solid fuels, proximate analysis of solid biofuels and a research of methods for determination of moisture content in solid biofuels. Description of impacts of the moisture content on fuel is included in the proximate analysis. Second part of the thesis is experimental. Thirteen solid biofuels and one solid recovered fuel were measured to obtain their moisture content. The methods used to determine the moisture content include four different drying methods and a xylene distillation method. For each method there are details of the procedure and a summary of the results.
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Analysis of the heat utilisation from biogas stations for heating
Kareš, Martin ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the use of heat from biogas stations. The first part describes the production of biogas, its combustion efficiency and the development of energy production thus obtained. In the second part it deals with individual solutions of the application of heat produced and in the last chapter it analyses the balance of the specific solution of heat transfer and its impact on the environment.
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Emissions from biomass combustion
Ptáček, Pavel ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with production of gaseous emissions from biomass combustion. It describes how emissions arise and how they affect human health and environment. In experimental part of the thesis emissions were measured and compared for different types of fuel in two combustion devices. Emission classes of combustion devices were also determined.
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Emissions of solid pollutants
Strnad, Ondřej ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with issue and properties of solid particles of anthropogenic origin. It describes the principles and technologies for removing them from the flue gas flow and avoid-ing leakage into the atmosphere. It focuses on types of separators, especially mechanical sepa-rators. The work includes an experimental part involving obtaining data characterizing the cyclone separator.
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Production of Unmeasured Emissions by Combustion in House Boilers
Chlubna, Martin ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the production of non-monitored pollutants during combustion in domestic boilers. The theoretical part is made up of a research study dealing with pollutants and their legislation. In the experimental part combustion tests for coal and wood of different moisture are made. In conclusion, the measurement results are evaluated on the basis of chemical analysis.
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Design for waste gas cleaning
Kubík, Michal ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with impurities in waste gases and syngas. Those gases usually have low heating value and contain impurities which are the main issue of those gas fuels. Waste gases and syngas can replace natural gas after right gas treatment. First part is theoretical. It starts with description of biomass and gasification technology. Then the waste gases are described – their origin and usual composition. Next part is dedicated to impurities and is followed by impurities treatment technologies. For removing of almost every type of impurity wet scrubber can be used which is described in detail in following part. There are other types of gas cleaning technologies, so they are described too but not in such detail as wet scrubber. In second part the wet scrubber is designed, and its function is tested by cleaning syngas from fluidized-bed gasifier called Biofluid. During gas cleaning in wet scrubber the influence of water temperature on efficiency of tar removal is examined.
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Problems of Drug Residues Determination in Waste Waters
Lisá, Hana ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Hajšlová, Jana (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The PhD thesis deals with determination of sulfonamides and tetracyclines in waste waters. Sulphonamides and tetracyclines are widely used in human and veterinary medicine. They are biologically active compounds and block biological processes in waste water treatment plants. These substances can influence microorganisms in the environment. Sulphonamides and tetracyclines induce resistance in low concentrations. These substances penetrate into the environment from industrial production, use in households, hospitals, veterinary clinics and fish farms. Tetracyclines and sulphonamides were determined in waste water from waste water treatment plants in Brno. Optimalization of extraction of these compounds was performed by solid phase extraction. Sulphonamides and tetracyclines were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector or coupled with mass spectrometry. Optimalized method was used for determination tetracyclines and sulphonamides in waste water from waste water treatment plants in Brno in years 2007 – 2010.
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