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Semantics of prefixes in Czech verbal neologisms
Filiačová, Sylva ; Martínek, František (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
The present thesis deals with the semantics of prefixes in Czech verbal neologisms. The first part describes verbal prefixation, the classification of prefixes, and their principal functions. Subsequently, polysemy, collocability and valency of prefixed verbs are characterized. The following section discusses the methodology, and characterizes the electronic neological database Neomat, which is the primary source of material for the thesis. The subject of analysis is neological verbs with prefixes od-, pro- and vy-. The meanings of these prefixes are described in relation to the collocability, valency and polysemy of prefixed verbs. The analysis aims to identify the principal meanings of the prefixes and to determine whether there are any meanings which have not been presented in any paper yet. Key words: neologism, nonce word, prefix, semantics, verb, word formation
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Pronounciation and perceptual acceptability of the sound r in Czech speeches by foreign speakers whose L1 is German
Novotná, Gabriela ; Veroňková, Jitka (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis belongs to the field of language acquisition and language learning. It aims to explore Czech as a second and foreign language of speakers whose mother tongue is German, namely concerning the pronunciation of the r-sound and its perceptual acceptability for Czech native speakers. The theoretical part summarizes the area of pronunciation learning and acquisition in a second and foreign language and outlines various pronunciation difficulties German speakers tend to have in Czech. It deals with the rhotics in general and subsequently focuses on the r- sound, both in Czech and in German, as well as in mutual comparison. In the last chapter, the combinatorial qualities of the r-sound which are used as a basis for the practical part are discussed. The practical part describes the conducted research. Five recordings of German students were collected. The students were staying in Prague for one semester with the Erasmus programme exchange and were learning Czech for the first time. For the recordings a written text was constructed which the students read individually. The text emphasized words including the r-sound. From the recordings, various key words were cut off and a perceptual test was compiled and given to Czech native speakers to evaluate the pronunciation of the...
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Light verb constructions in Humanistic Czech
Martínek, František ; Kučera, Karel (advisor) ; Kosek, Pavel (referee) ; Bunčić, Daniel (referee)
Light verb constructions in Humanistic Czech This thesis surveys the supposed properties of light verb constructions (LVC, in Czech analytická verbonominální spojení, AVNS, in German Funktionsverbgefüge) on an extensive corpus of Czech texts dating from the Humanistic period. The LVC, a combination of a semantically bleached (light, semantically weak) verb and an abstract noun (a preposition and such a noun, respectively), are defined rather broadly and understood not necessarily as a syntactic unit (predicate) but rather as a lexical unit different from both free collocations and phrasemes. Special attention is paid to transitional examples of these constructions with non- prototypical properties of the verb or noun. In the individual chapters, the semantic and syntactical properties of the light verbs are discussed, as well as the word formation (derivation) patterns of the abstract nouns forming the LVC. The core of the analysis lies in the prepositional constructions, on which the LVC-delimitation criteria are applied. It is shown that the meanings of such constructions are subjects to stabilizing and develop from spatial (or directional, respectively) to abstract meanings, including their lexicalization. Moreover, the possibilities of using alternative means of expression are examined. The last chapter...
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New Names of Professions
Kožuriková, Daniela ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The thesis New Names of Professions is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, basic terms from the world of work are defined; the essential term is profession. Furthermore, neologisms are defined in the first part in accordance with professional literature without being confined to denomination of persons. For the purposes of the practical part, new names of professions were excerpted from the list of professions of the employment office and from a list in Učitelské noviny. Their occurrence was further verified using the EDA and Newton media databases and the results of the research were compared with the created list. An alphabetical list of the excerpted professions and a thematically divided list of those professions are an integral part of this work.
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Czech speleologists speech
Minaříková, Nikola ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis, titled Czech speleologists speech, is focused on the language expressions of the amateur speleologists throughout the Czech Republic. It contains a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part outlines issues of the examining of the slang and describes the ways of the slang vocabulary enrichment. In the practical part the theoretical knowledge is aplied on the language material acquired by a questionnaire method from the active members of Czech Speleological Society. The bachelor thesis also draws from the Internet, and magazine articles. As a part of the thesis, there is a small dictionary of slang of this interest group.
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Sleep and dream in the Czech picture of the world
Bulak, Patrik ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The thesis focuses on the conceptual area of sleeping (including waking, dreaming etc.) based on the theories and methods of the cognitive-cultural approach to language. The first chapter deals with the human experience of sleeping. The conceptual area is interpreted both in relation to physical experience and as a part of the Central European cultural code. The second chapter concentrates on the concept and the approach of the linguistic picture of the world (e.g. Bartmiński, 2012), the detection and verification of the semantic connotations method (Bartmiński, Panasiuk, 2001), the conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff, Johnson, 1980/2002), the cognitive conception of metonymy (cf. ibid), and the interaction between metaphor and metonymy (i.e. metaphtonymy, Goosens, 1990, 2002). The third chapter is based on the linguistic data excerpted from various Czech dictionaries and describes the conceptual area. First are introduced derivational nests, then relevant semantic relations and etymology of the selected terms (spát, bdít etc.). The chapter also analyses polysemy of the selected terms in detail, as well as polysemy of their derivatives. This part of the thesis presents the formulation of conceptual transmissions which are manifested in the given linguistic meanings. The fourth chapter is a...
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The Present-Day State of the Local Dialect in the Speech of the Old Generation in the Village of Vír
Ostrýžová, Martina ; Dittmann, Robert (advisor) ; Martínek, František (referee)
The M.A. thesis explores the dialect of the village Vír, which is situated in Czech-Moravian boundary dialectal area. The exploration focuses on selected features from phonetics and phonology and morphology, specified on the basis of isoglosses described in the Český jazykový atlas (Czech Dialect Atlas) or in older publications. The research of features followed is based on interviews with old generation informants, which is delimited in accordance with the Czech Dialect Atlas as speakers older than 65. The audiorecordings were further processed, the material was transcribed according to standard rules for dialectological transcription. A comparison with standard works of Czech dialectology (such as Běličʼs Nástin české dialektologie, Český jazykový atlas, Utěšenýʼs Nářečí přechodného pásu česko-moravského. Hláskosloví) shows that the oldest generation speakers in Vír still keep some of the typical traits of the Czech-Moravian dialectal group while other such features are retreating. Key words: Czech-Moravian dialectal group, old generation, local dialect, Vír
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Contemporary Czech Neologisms Reflecting Social Networks
Hrubá, Andrea ; Martínek, František (advisor) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the neologism that has appeared on social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram). The first part of this thesis summarizes and classifies the finding of relevant literature, describes lexical units and defines terms as neologism, neosemanticism, loan word and social network. The second part include semantic and word-forming analysis of found neologism with special attention to loan neologism and its adaption. The thesis is materially based on social networks, articles about social networks and the database NEOMAT. The conclusion summarizes results of the research. The appendix of this thesis includes the list of new found lexical items, a table of frequency of found neologism and links of used articles.
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