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Women Strike for Peace against Nuclear Arms and the Vietnam War
Kunovská, Kristýna ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with a women's peace activist group Women Strike for Peace (WSP) and its opposition to nuclear arms and the war in Vietnam. It covers the period from 1961 when the group was founded to the early 1970s. WSP held an important position in the Cold War peace movement. Already at the beginning of its activities, WSP had support from many American women and media because of its decent, respectable behavior and emphasis on motherhood. WSP used gender stereotypes to legitimize its activities, claiming, for example, that women as mothers have the right to decide on nuclear arms testing, as there are plenty of harmful substances entering the atmosphere that affect children's health. Women used the same tactics also when their sons were taken to war due to conscription. However, in the second half of the 1960s, WSP protests and actions became more radical, resulting in increasing criticism from society. In my thesis I deal with WSP membership characteristics, tactics the group used to achieve its goals, important protests or other important activities that WSP conducted in connection with its dissenting opinion on nuclear arms and the war in Vietnam and on that basis. I describe the difference in approach to the movement, especially through archive news articles from various...
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Students Make Revolution: The Role of Student Magazines and Newspapers during the Velvet Revolution
Mejstříková, Dorotea ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
Dorotea Mejstříková d.mejstrikova@gmail.com Studenti dělají revoluci: Role studentských časopisů a novin během sametové revoluce. Abstract The bachelor thesis "Students Make Revolution: The Role of Student Magazines and Newspapers during the Velvet Revolution." focuses on student magazines published by Prague university students in 1988 and 1989, highlighting the importance of their editorial offices and organization of the Student Press and Information Centre for the 17th November and the subsequent occupation strike. It outlines the most important milestones of student movements during the 19th century and the historical context of the late 1980s. The aim of the thesis is to examine how the editorial offices of the magazines contributed to the events of the Velvet Revolution.
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Czechoslovak policy towards the Greek minority between 1948-1968
Urban, Patrik ; Karasová, Nikola (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the Czechoslovak policy towards the Greek minority between the years of 1948 and 1968. During and after the Greek Civil War thousands of Greek refugees, mostly sympathizers with the communist left, found shelter in Czechoslovakia. The Greek political emigration came to Czechoslovakia mainly between 1948 and 1950, when the country was still economically harmed by the Second World War. Czechoslovakia was also harmed demographically by huge transfers of population which had been made shortly before the arrival of Greek emigrants. The principal goal of this thesis is to answer the following questions: Why did Czechoslovakia hold variable approach towards Greek minority between 1948- 1968 and whether there were differences between officially proclaimed policy of Czechoslovakia (in the constitution and laws) and real approach towards the Greek minority.
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Oldrich John - rise and fall of a politician
Pácl, Bohumil ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with Oldřich John, the first chairman od The National Assembly of the Czechoslovakian republic after February 1948, as the top representative of social democracy who participated in mergering the social democracy and Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and therefore in development of totalitarian regime, which led into his political descent, also with careluf contribution of State Security. Author of the thesis establishes the key theory, that such a man, who is due to his talent, abilities and ambitions predestined to become a politician, in fact made great contribution to the victory od non-democracy regime, so this newborn regime could bring him down just for being homo politicus. The development of John's political career, evolution of his personal characteristic, qualities, ways and means of communication is described down to available sources, including eyewitness to his acting, authentic records, media resources, and also by personal profile analysis of politically active person brought by science books. On the basis of results of this thesis we may come to the conclusion about political elite's responsibility in the context of political turns in February 1948.
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The Analysis of Media Messages: the 1989 Palach Week
Vacek, Josef ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
The main proposition is that the newspapers which were published by political parties were informing about the events more frequently than other media. This assumption was proved just in part - the newspaper with the biggest number of articles concerning the events was "Rudé právo" published by the communist party, however, the rest of the communist press was lagging behind. One of the findings of this work is that all of the newspapers used media instruments in different proportion. Apart from that, two days of a turning point are identified in all the newspapers in the given period of analysis, both of them were marked with an increase or decrease of the number of articles. The chosen reasearch method is the quantitative analysis supplemented in part by comparison of the results.
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Prospect of Violent Solution in the Crisis of the Communist Regimes in 1989: The Case of Czechoslovakia from the Central European Perspective
Netolická, Zuzana ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
The bachalor thesis deals with the prospects of violent solutions of the events in Czechoslovakia in 1988 and 1989. To compare, there are outlined the events in Central Europe, to that this work also counts, except Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary and GDR. The bachalor thesis is dividet into two parts. The first one has two chapters. In these is a description of the events in the second half of the eighties in Central Europe. In the second part of the thesis is described what kind power and party bodies were involved in deciding on possible interventions and who conducted actions. The final chapter explains three main factors that influences the course in 1989. The main sources of work are archival materials from the meeting of the Central Committee, collection Securitas imperii and interviews with senior communists. The result of work is that prospects of violent solution was very small, because the situations has influenced by several consequential factors.
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Military-political Aspects of Soviet Invasion Of CSSR in August 1968
Čížek, Martin ; Reiman, Michal (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee) ; Kudrna, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of the dissertation is to explain the military-political reasons behind the long-term attempt of the Soviet Union to deploy its units on Czechoslovak territory, as well as the root cause of the military operation against Czechoslovakia which was carried out by the five member armies of the Warsaw Pact. One of the main reasons for this was the military and strategic situation in Central Europe in the 1960's, and also the issue of nuclear weapons and their carriers. A separate chapter is dedicated to Soviet attempts to deploy its units on Czechoslovak territory prior to Operation Danube. The final chapter deals with the reorganization of the CPA, the establishment of the CGV and the NATO reaction to the change in the strenght of armed forces present on the border of the two Blocs.
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Reasons for American Intervention in Vietnam
Trubačová, Zuzana ; Tůma, Oldřich (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
This thesis examines reasons for American intervention in Vietnam. It ranges over the period of the years 1950 - 1965, from the initial stages of American involvement in Vietnam to the onset of the full-scale war with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV). The thesis investigates the decisive moments which eventually influenced the further development of American presence in Vietnam. In assessing the respective events the emphasis is put on the international political context, the US foreign policy toward Indochina/Vietnam, the decision- making process on the highest political and army levels, the relationship between the superpowers, and the personal beliefs of single international players. In the first part of the thesis close attention is paid to the initial phase of the American intervention - getting involved in the affairs of South-East Asia and ending with the Geneva Accords. The second part is focused on the critical years of 1963-1965 that set the scene for the subsequent escalation of the Vietnam war.
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